Com. v. Satterfield, J. ( 2019 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
JAMES MARKELL SATTERFIELD :
:
Appellant : No. 1363 WDA 2018
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered August 22, 2018
In the Court of Common Pleas of Erie County Criminal Division at No(s):
CP-25-CR-0000135-2017
BEFORE: GANTMAN, P.J.E., McLAUGHLIN, J., and MUSMANNO, J.
MEMORANDUM BY McLAUGHLIN, J.: FILED MAY 31, 2019
James Satterfield appeals from the Order of the Court of Common Pleas
of Erie County that denied his first petition filed under the Post-Conviction
Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546. We remand for the
appointment of new counsel.
In July 2017, Satterfield pleaded guilty to Firearms Not to Be Carried
Without License, Possession, and Use/Possession of Drug Paraphernalia.1 On
September 5, 2017, the trial court sentenced Satterfield to 36 to 72 months’
imprisonment, consecutive to a sentence previously imposed for unrelated
charges. Assistant Public Defender Brian Arrowsmith represented Satterfield
at his plea and sentencing.
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1 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 6106(a)(1), 35 Pa.C.S.A. § 780-113(a)(31)(i), and 35
Pa.C.S.A. § 780-113(a)(32), respectively.
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In July 2018, Satterfield filed a pro se “Petition for Modification of Relief,”
which the trial court treated as a timely PCRA petition (hereinafter, the “PCRA
Petition”). In the PCRA Petition, Satterfield requested that the court impose a
Recidivism Risk Reduction Incentive (“RRRI”) minimum sentence under the
RRRI Act, 61 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 4501-4512. The PCRA court appointed an Assistant
Public Defender as PCRA counsel, but later rescinded that appointment order
and instead appointed Attorney Arrowsmith, Satterfield’s plea counsel, as
PCRA counsel. Attorney Arrowsmith subsequently filed a Petition to Withdraw
as Counsel and For Extension of Time for Pro Se Defendant to File an
Amended/Supplemental PCRA Petition (“Petition to Withdraw as Counsel”).
Attorney Arrowsmith’s petition stated that Appellant’s claim for RRRI eligibility
was frivolous and attached a no-merit letter.2 Attorney Arrowsmith also
asserted that the order appointing him as PCRA counsel would require him to
raise a claim of his own ineffectiveness, creating a conflict of interest between
himself and Satterfield. Petition to Withdraw as Counsel, at ¶ 8.
On August 22, 2018, the PCRA court denied Satterfield’s PCRA Petition.
The court then, on September 17, 2018, denied Attorney Arrowsmith’s Petition
to Withdraw as Counsel. Satterfield timely appealed and filed a Pa.R.A.P.
1925(b) Statement. The PCRA court issued a responsive opinion.
Satterfield has raised the following issues on appeal:
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2 See Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa.Super. 1998) (en banc).
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1. Did the PCRA court commit an error of law when it appointed
the Public Defender’s Office as PCRA counsel?
2. Did the sentencing court impose an illegal sentence when it
failed to award credit for time served on the instant docket?
Satterfield’s Br. at 7. We do not reach Satterfield’s second issue because we
agree that new counsel should be appointed.
We review an order denying relief under the PCRA to determine whether
the record supports the PCRA court’s findings and the decision is free of legal
error. Commonwealth v. Ragan, 923 A.2d 1169, 1170 (Pa. 2007). We afford
the court’s factual findings deference if the record supports those findings.
Commonwealth v. Brown, 48 A.3d 1275, 1277 (Pa.Super. 2012) (citing
Commonwealth v. Anderson, 995 A.2d 1184, 1189 (Pa.Super. 2010)). The
appellant has the burden of convincing this Court that the PCRA court erred
and that relief is due. Id. (citing Commonwealth v. Bennett, 19 A.3d 541,
543 (Pa.Super. 2011)).
Satterfield contends that it was error for the PCRA court to appoint as
PCRA counsel the same assistant public defender that represented him at his
plea and sentencing. Appellant’s Br. at 15. Satterfield argues that by not
providing independent counsel, the PCRA court essentially limited review to
the issue identified by a lay petitioner and effectively denied Satterfield his
right to counsel during his first PCRA petition. Id. at 17. Further, Satterfield
asserts that while he identified one issue in his PCRA Petition, namely the RRRI
issue, the PCRA court did not consider that new counsel, outside of the Public
Defender’s Office, could have independently assessed whether other claims,
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including ineffectiveness of plea counsel, could have been raised in his PCRA
petition. Id. at 15-16.
A PCRA petitioner who cannot afford an attorney has a right to court-
appointed counsel for a first PCRA petition. See Pa.R.Crim.P. 904(C); see
also Commonwealth v. Williams, 814 A.2d 739, 741-42 (Pa.Super. 2002).
A petitioner “must be afforded the right to the competent assistance of counsel
in his PCRA petition.” Id. at 742. Generally, an attorney cannot raise a claim
of his or her own ineffectiveness. Commonwealth v. Lesko, 15 A.3d 345,
360 (Pa. 2011). Nor may a public defender argue the ineffectiveness of
another member of the same public defender’s office, as in so doing, “‘counsel,
in essence, is deemed to have asserted a claim of his or her own
ineffectiveness.’” Commonwealth v. Fulton, 830 A.2d 567, 571 (Pa. 2003)
(quoting Commonwealth v. Green, 709 A.2d 382, 384 (Pa. 1998)).3 In such
cases, independent counsel is required “because the law will not assume that
counsel will zealously develop a record of his own or his associates’
inadequacies.” Massie, 439 A.2d at 778. Therefore, a PCRA petitioner alleging
ineffectiveness of counsel “will not be restricted to a record created by an
associate of the allegedly ineffective counsel.” Id.
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3 See also Commonwealth v. Massie, 439 A.2d 777, 778 (Pa.Super. 1982)
(stating that a “PCHA petitioner, represented by court-appointed counsel and
alleging ineffective assistance of trial counsel, may not be represented by an
attorney from the office with which the allegedly ineffective attorney was
associated” (citing Commonwealth v. Fox, 383 A.2d 199, 200 (Pa. 1978)).
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In Commonwealth v. Torres, 721 A.2d 1103 (Pa.Super. 1998), the
petitioner alleged that both his plea counsel and appellate counsel were
affiliated with the Erie County Public Defender’s Office, thereby creating a
conflict of interest. Id. at 1104. The lower court found no conflict of interest
because, although appellate counsel was a member of the Erie County Public
Defender’s Office, plea counsel was no longer affiliated with that office. Id.
We disagreed. Id. at 1105. We found that, pursuant to Commonwealth v.
Wright, 374 A.2d 1272 (Pa. 1977), a “[Post Conviction Hearing Act]4
petitioner alleging ineffective assistance of counsel may not be represented
by an attorney from the same office as the allegedly ineffective attorney,
regardless of the fact that one started working there after the other left.” Id.
at 1104. We further stated:
The record suggests both attorneys who represented
appellant were associated with the public defender’s office
at the outset of the instant case. The zealousness of
advocacy from an attorney scrutinizing an associate’s
stewardship is clearly subject to permanent second-
guessing. Further, we must be concerned not only that a
particular claim raised be vigorously argued, but also that
any other potential claim, which might have been
overlooked by a conflicted attorney, would be raised at the
same time.
Appellate counsel, in his brief to this Court, did not raise an
allegation of plea counsel’s ineffectiveness; one would
expect appellate counsel to attempt to punch holes in prior
counsel’s stewardship, in an effort to challenge the validity
of the guilty plea. Whether this omission was the result of
an informed decision or the product of conflicted loyalty is
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4 The Post Conviction Hearing Act was the predecessor to the PCRA.
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not for this Court to decide; it will however, be the subject
of permanent debate.
This conflict extends not just to individual lawyers, but to
the institution of the office. Counsel within an office may
come and go, but policies and procedures tend to remain,
whether written or unwritten; counsel within the office may
not see a viable issue, knowing the internal “why” and “how”
decisions were made. An advocate questioning from the
outside does not suffer this disadvantage of intimacy.
The presumption of a conflict by virtue of the attorneys’
prior association is actual and threatening to appellant’s
best interests. We must therefore remand this case once
more with a direction for appointment of unconflicted
counsel.
Id. at 1104-1105 (citations omitted). Because of the presumption of an actual
conflict, we remanded for the appointment of counsel not subject to a conflict
of interest. Id. at 1105.
Here, like appellate counsel in Torres, Satterfield’s appellate counsel
did not raise an allegation of plea counsel’s ineffectiveness. However, the
second issue that appellate counsel raises on appeal – that the trial court erred
by not awarding Satterfield credit for time served on the instant case –
implicitly identifies a claim that Attorney Arrowsmith was ineffective for failing
to raise the issue below. As we recognized in Torres, we do not know if this
omission “was the result of an informed decision or the product of conflicted
loyalty,” since both plea counsel and appellate counsel are from the same
Public Defender’s Office. Id. at 1104. As in Torres, a fresh look by counsel
outside the Public Defender’s Office is necessary, and we therefore remand
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for the appointment of counsel not affiliated with the Public Defender’s Office,
with leave to file an amended PCRA petition.
Order denying PCRA Petition vacated. Case remanded for appointment
of new counsel unaffiliated with the Public Defender’s office within 14 days of
remand, with leave for new counsel to file an amended PCRA Petition within
60 days after appointment. Jurisdiction relinquished.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 5/31/2019
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