Com. v. Valerio, B. ( 2015 )


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  • J-S26019-15
    NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
    COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA                     IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
    PENNSYLVANIA
    Appellee
    v.
    BERANOBEL VALERIO
    Appellant                   No. 1275 MDA 2014
    Appeal from the PCRA Order of June 26, 2014
    In the Court of Common Pleas of Berks County
    Criminal Division at No.: CP-06-CR-0002864-2005
    BEFORE: OTT, J., WECHT, J., and JENKINS, J.
    MEMORANDUM BY WECHT, J.:                       FILED SEPTEMBER 01, 2015
    Beranobel Valerio appeals the June 26, 2014 order dismissing his
    petition pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S.
    §§ 9541, et seq. The PCRA court dismissed Valerio’s petition upon the basis
    that the court lacked jurisdiction because the petition was untimely filed.
    Before this Court, retained counsel for Valerio, George Gonzalez, Esq., who
    also represented Valerio before the PCRA court, has filed a brief reviewing
    Valerio’s underlying claim that his trial counsel was ineffective for failing to
    advise (or incorrectly advising) him of the effect that a conviction would
    have upon Valerio’s immigration status. Attorney Gonzalez also has filed a
    petition to withdraw as counsel.       Notably, Attorney Gonzalez averredly
    proceeds according to Commonwealth v. Turner, 
    544 A.2d 927
     (Pa. 1988)
    and Commonwealth v. Finley, 
    550 A.2d 213
     (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc),
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    opining that Valerio’s sole claim on appeal lacks merit.   In point of fact,
    Turner and Finley apply only in the context of court-appointed counsel.
    However, our own earlier order in this case mistakenly indicated otherwise.
    Consequently, we analyze this case pursuant to the          Turner/Finley
    procedure. After careful review, we affirm.
    The PCRA court provided the following account of this case’s
    procedural background:
    On September 2, 2005, a jury found [Valerio] guilty of one
    (1) count of Possession of a Controlled Substance,2 one
    (1) count of Possession with Intent to Deliver (“PWID”) a
    Controlled Substance,3 one (1) count of Delivery of a Controlled
    Substance,4 and three (3) counts of Conspiracy5 to commit those
    crimes.    The Honorable Judge Forrest Schaeffer sentenced
    [Valerio], on October 6, 2005, to serve no less than one (1) to
    no more than two (2) years on the Delivery count. [Valerio] was
    also ordered to serve a consecutive one (1) to two (2) year
    sentence on the Conspiracy to Commit Delivery count. [Valerio]
    was represented at trial and sentencing by Stanley Silver,
    Esquire. No post-sentence motion or appeal was filed.
    _____________________
    2
    35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(16).
    3
    35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(30).
    4
    35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(30).
    5
    18 Pa.C.S. § 903(a).
    [Valerio] filed his first pro se PCRA petition (hereinafter “2006
    PCRA petition”) on July 7, 2006. Judge Schaeffer appointed Gail
    Chiodo, Esquire, on July 25, 2006, to represent [Valerio] in the
    disposition of his PCRA petition. Attorney Chiodo filed a “No
    Merit” Letter pursuant to Turner and Finley on October 26,
    2006, requesting leave to withdraw as counsel and expressing
    that, in her professional judgment, [Valerio’s] PCRA petition was
    meritless. Attorney Chiodo was granted leave to withdraw as
    PCRA counsel on December 5, 2006, and [Valerio] was given
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    NOTICE on January 4, 2007, that the [PCRA court] intended to
    dismiss his PCRA petition without a hearing. [Valerio’s] PCRA
    petition was dismissed on April 4, 2007. [Valerio] did not appeal
    from the [PCRA court’s] dismissal.
    On October 29, 2013, [Valerio], through George Gonzalez,
    Esquire, filed his present petition, titled NUNC-PRO TUNC
    PETITION FOR POST CONVICTION RELIEF PURSUANT TO
    42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541, et seq., and/or PETITION FOR NUNC-PRO
    TUNC APPEAL AS TO DENIAL OF PETITION FOR POST
    CONVICTION RELIEF or in the alternative HABEAS CORPUS
    RELIEF (hereinafter “2013 PCRA petition”). . . .    [The PCRA
    court] ordered the Commonwealth on December 31, 2013, to file
    a response to [Valerio’s] 2013 PCRA petition, which was timely
    filed on February 25, 2014.
    PCRA Court Order and Notice of Intent to Dismiss, 5/13/2014, at 3-4
    (citations modified; emphasis in original).
    In the explanation attending its Rule 907 opinion, the PCRA court
    addressed     Valerio’s    ineffective    assistance   of   counsel   argument   and
    determined that it lacked jurisdiction over Valerio’s petition.         On June 23,
    2014, Attorney Gonzalez filed a detailed response to the PCRA court’s
    Rule 907 notice.       On June 26, 2014, the PCRA court entered an order
    dismissing Valerio’s petition.
    Valerio filed a timely notice of appeal on July 28, 2014.1 On July 29,
    2014, the PCRA court entered an order pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)
    directing Valerio to file a concise statement of the errors complained of on
    ____________________________________________
    1
    The 30-day deadline fell on Saturday, July 26, 2014. Consequently,
    Valerio was not required to file his notice of appeal until Monday, July 28,
    2014.
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    appeal. Valerio timely complied. On August 25, 2014, the PCRA court filed
    a statement pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a), in which it indicated that its May
    13, 2014 opinion fully responded to the issues raised by Valerio.
    Notably, throughout the PCRA proceedings below, Attorney Gonzalez
    sought relief on the merits, maintaining that the principles set forth in
    Padilla v. Kentucky, 
    559 U.S. 356
     (2010), required relief under the
    circumstances sub judice. However, in the time between the PCRA court’s
    disposition and briefing in the instant appeal, this Court issued its en banc
    decision     in    Commonwealth                v.    Descardes,       
    101 A.3d 105
    (Pa. Super. 2014), wherein we resolved essentially the same issue that
    Valerio presented to the PCRA court in this case and ruled against the
    defendant-appellant.2
    Recognizing the import of Descardes, Attorney Gonzalez transmitted
    correspondence to Valerio and/or Valerio’s wife on several occasions during
    the pendency of this appeal, explaining his skepticism that Valerio’s Padilla
    argument      would    be    viable    in    light   of    Descardes.        During   that
    correspondence,       Valerio’s   wife      evidently     asked   Attorney   Gonzalez    to
    recommend other attorneys in an effort to retain one who assessed Valerio’s
    case more favorably.        Shortly thereafter, Attorney Gonzalez avers, Valerio
    ____________________________________________
    2
    Our decision in Descardes issued on September 23, 2014,
    approximately two months after Valerio filed his notice of appeal, over a
    month after Valerio filed his Rule 1925(b) concise statement, and just under
    one month after the trial court issued its Rule 1925(a) opinion.
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    and his wife stopped communicating with him.        See generally Petition to
    Withdraw as Counsel, 12/30/2014, at 5-6 (unnumbered).
    In the meantime, Attorney Gonzalez had requested and received an
    extension of Valerio’s briefing deadline in this Court, seeking time to
    communicate with Valerio and his wife so that the situation could be sorted
    out.   After receiving no further communication, and five days after this
    Court’s extended deadline, Attorney Gonzalez simultaneously filed a brief, in
    which he reviewed the Padilla issue and opined that it lacked merit, and
    filed a petition to withdraw from his representation of Valerio.3
    Attorney Gonzalez’s presentation to this Court, in both the brief and in
    his petition, resembled the method prescribed by Turner and Finley, supra,
    and their progeny, which detail how a court-appointed attorney honors his or
    her obligation in a case where he or she detects no meritorious issue to raise
    on appeal. Indeed, Attorney Gonzalez invoked those cases in his petition to
    withdraw.      See Petition to Withdraw as Counsel, 12/30/2014, at 2, 6;
    cf. Brief for Valerio at 20-21 (concluding, after reviewing Padilla and
    Descardes at length, that Gonzalez could discern “no non[-]frivolous
    ____________________________________________
    3
    We typically decline to penalize de minimis tardiness in the submission
    of briefs when the opposing party does not file a motion to dismiss on that
    basis pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 2188. See, e.g, Commonwealth v. Miller,
    
    787 A.2d 1036
    , 1038 n.5 (Pa. Super. 2001) (rejecting the Commonwealth’s
    suggestion that the appeal be dismissed because brief was untimely because
    the Commonwealth did not formally move for dismissal).              Here, the
    Commonwealth did not seek dismissal. Accordingly, we treat Valerio’s brief
    as timely filed.
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    argument for finding that [Valerio] is entitled to any relief that he seeks to
    overturn his conviction . . . due to faulty advice he received from his then
    trial counsel”).
    Taking this invocation at face value, and treating his submissions
    accordingly, this Court determined that Attorney Gonzalez had not fully
    complied with the Turner/Finley procedure spelled out in Commonwealth
    v. Friend, 
    896 A.2d 607
     (Pa. Super. 2006). Specifically, we found a defect
    in counsel’s failure to document that he had informed Valerio of his right to
    proceed pro se or retain another attorney, as required by Friend.         See
    Commonwealth v. Freeland, 
    106 A.3d 768
    , 774-75 (Pa. Super. 2014).4
    Consequently, we entered an order directing Attorney Gonzalez to furnish
    Valerio with the required notice and to submit a copy of the compliant
    correspondence with this Court. Attorney Gonzalez timely submitted to this
    Court a letter that purported to satisfy the Friend requirements and the
    terms of our order.
    Unfortunately, this series of events reflected and engendered a critical
    misunderstanding regarding the applicable standard.       And while Attorney
    Gonzalez initiated the problems by citing Turner and Finley before this
    ____________________________________________
    4
    Friend was abrogated on other grounds by Commonwealth v. Pitts,
    
    981 A.2d 875
     (Pa. 2009). However, the core notification requirements were
    undisturbed by Pitts, as recognized by this Court in Commonwealth v.
    Widgins, 
    29 A.3d 816
    , 818 (Pa. Super. 2011).         See also Freeland,
    106 A.3d at 774-75.
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    Court, our error in taking Attorney Gonzalez’s representation at face value
    exacerbated the confusion. Although we failed to observe the distinction in
    our interactions with Attorney Gonzalez, the law is clear that Turner/Finley
    practice is available only to court-appointed counsel, not to privately
    retained attorneys such as Attorney Gonzalez.          See Turner, 544 A.2d at
    928. Nonetheless, it would be inequitable to hold the consequences of our
    error against Attorney Gonzalez, and more inequitable still to hold them
    against Valerio, whose right to appeal must be protected in any event.
    Further   complicating   this   case,      the   letter   Attorney   Gonzalez
    transmitted to Valerio, as submitted to this Court as proof of compliance,
    was   ambiguous    on   the    most   critical    point—Valerio’s    rights   under
    Turner/Finley when counsel seeks to withdraw. It is clear beyond dispute
    that the most critical information such a letter must convey concerns the
    petitioner’s rights to retain another attorney to continue his representation
    or to proceed pro se. See Freeland, supra. Our order utilized the correct
    terms in directing Attorney Gonzalez to do so. Order, 1/9/2015.
    The letter that Attorney Gonzalez sent in response to our order and
    then submitted for our review reads as follows:
    Enclosed please find a copy of the latest order that I have
    received from the Superior Court of Pennsylvania as it pertains
    to the Motion to Withdraw my Appearance that I have filed with
    said Court as to the representation of your husband. As you can
    gather, I have been ordered by said Court to advise you that
    even though I have filed such a motion to withdraw my
    appearance, you can still proceed with said case either by
    retaining another attorney to represent your husband as to this
    matter, or he may choose to proceed on his own, in the event
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    said court grants         me    [sic]   the     motion   to   withdraw     my
    appearance.
    Letter, 1/15/2015.
    The   problem    arises    in   the     final   clause   of   the   last   sentence.
    Specifically, that sentence can be read to conclude that Valerio may proceed
    pro se only in the event that this Court grants Attorney Gonzalez’s petition
    to withdraw.    This is incorrect:      Attorney Gonzalez’s petition to withdraw,
    assuming the application of the Turner/Finley standard under the peculiar
    circumstances of this case, immediately triggered Valerio’s rights to retain
    new counsel or proceed pro se.            To the extent that Attorney Gonzalez’s
    January 15, 2015 letter suggested otherwise, it was misleading, and the fact
    that it also might be read consistently with the Turner/Finley requirements
    cannot be cited as a basis for allowing Valerio’s rights to be infringed when
    he might reasonably infer from that letter a critical misstatement of his
    options. Standing alone, the infirmity in this letter would militate in favor of
    remanding this case yet again to enable Attorney Gonzalez to transmit a
    corrective letter to Valerio.
    Fortunately, the letter does not stand alone.                 In the wake of the
    January 15, 2015 letter, we issued a second order on January 28, 2015.
    That order provided as follows:
    In light of the fact that [Attorney Gonzalez] has filed a petition to
    withdraw as counsel pursuant to [Turner and Finley, Valerio]
    shall be permitted to file a response to counsel’s petition to
    withdraw and no-merit letter, either pro se or via privately
    retained counsel, within thirty (30) days of the date that this
    Order is filed. [Valerio’s] failure to file a pro se or counseled
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    response may be considered as a waiver of his right to present
    his issues to this Court.
    Order, 1/28/2015 (per curiam).         This order contains clear and accurate
    direction   regarding   Valerio’s   options   in   the   wake   of   an   attorney’s
    Turner/Finley letter. Furthermore, Valerio did not respond in any way.
    Because we perceive this to be an adequate corrective and must
    assume that Valerio received this order, and because, were we to remand,
    Attorney Gonzalez would presumably simply send yet another letter detailing
    exactly what we explained in our January 28, 2015 order, we discern no
    benefit to protracting this case by a remand that would result only in
    redundant correspondence.       Accordingly, for all the foregoing reasons, we
    will analyze the case in its present posture pursuant to the Turner/Finley
    procedure.
    Turner and Finley require that counsel satisfy the following steps
    before he will be permitted to withdraw:
    Counsel petitioning to withdraw from PCRA representation must
    proceed under [Turner/Finley and] . . . must review the case
    zealously. Turner/Finley counsel must then submit a “no-
    merit” letter to the [PCRA] court, or brief on appeal to this Court,
    detailing the nature and extent of counsel’s diligent review of the
    case, listing the issues which petitioner wants to have reviewed,
    explaining why and how those issues lack merit, and requesting
    permission to withdraw.
    Counsel must also send to the petitioner: (1) a copy of the “no
    merit” letter/brief; (2) a copy of counsel’s petition to withdraw;
    and (3) a statement advising petitioner of the right to proceed
    pro se or by new counsel.
    Where counsel submits a petition and no-merit letter that satisfy
    the technical demands of Turner/Finley, the court—[PCRA]
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    court or this Court—must then conduct its own review of the
    merits of the case. If the court agrees with counsel that the
    claims are without merit, the court will permit counsel to
    withdraw and deny relief.
    Commonwealth v. Doty, 
    48 A.3d 451
    , 454 (Pa. Super. 2012) (citations
    omitted).
    We find that Attorney Gonzalez has satisfied these criteria. His brief
    before this Court manifests a diligent review of the case; it identifies the
    Padilla issue and discusses it at length, ultimately concluding that
    Descardes unequivocally precludes the relief sought; and explicitly requests
    permission to withdraw. As well, albeit imperfectly and with some prodding
    and supplementation by this Court, the record indicates that Attorney
    Gonzalez transmitted to Valerio a copy of the brief, a copy of his petition to
    withdraw, and an imperfect statement advising Valerio of his rights, the
    flaws in which plainly were cured in this Court’s subsequent order.
    Accordingly, we may now conduct our own independent review of the record
    and the issue raised. We find no detriment to Valerio’s interests in doing so,
    because in all particulars the objectives underlying Turner and Finley have
    been satisfied in full.
    Citing Padilla, Valerio argues that trial counsel was ineffective for
    failing to advise him of, or incorrectly advising him regarding, the potential
    effect upon his immigration status that would befall him as a consequence of
    his conviction. Because the PCRA court found that it lacked jurisdiction to
    review Valerio’s petition, we begin by reviewing that determination.      Our
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    approach is girded by the fact that Valerio, Attorney Gonzalez, and the PCRA
    court all appear to have assumed that the petition properly must be
    evaluated under the PCRA. That assumption by itself is problematic in light
    of our decision in Descardes, supra, which resembles this case in most
    relevant particulars.
    In Descardes, the petitioner, a Haitian defendant with resident alien
    status, pleaded guilty to several offenses involving insurance fraud. He was
    sentenced to one year of probation.     Later, he left the country but was
    denied reentry due to his felony conviction. 101 A.3d at 107.
    On December 7, 2009, Descardes filed what he styled a “Petition for
    Reconsideration and Review of Denial of Petition for Writ of Error Coram
    Nobis,” alleging that his guilty plea counsel was ineffective for failing to
    advise Descardes regarding the immigration consequences of pleading
    guilty. The trial court treated Descardes’ petition as one invoking the PCRA,
    and denied relief upon the basis that the petition was untimely under the
    PCRA’s requirements and, for that reason, the PCRA court lacked jurisdiction
    to consider the petition. Id.
    On March 31, 2010, the United States Supreme Court issued its
    decision in Padilla v. Kentucky, 
    559 U.S. 356
     (2010), wherein the Court
    held that counsel may be deemed constitutionally ineffective for failing to
    advise a defendant client that a guilty plea would subject the defendant to
    automatic deportation. On April 6, 2010, Descardes filed a second petition
    seeking a writ of coram nobis. The PCRA court treated this petition, too, as
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    one filed under the PCRA and vacated Descardes’ judgment of sentence and
    ordered that Descardes’ guilty plea be withdrawn. Descardes, 101 A.3d at
    107. The Commonwealth appealed.
    Sitting en banc, this Court concluded first that the trial court erred in
    treating Descardes’ petition as one invoking the PCRA.           The PCRA, we
    emphasized, requires for relief to be granted that a petitioner be “currently
    serving a sentence of imprisonment, probation or parole for the crime” or
    “awaiting execution of a sentence of death for the crime” or “serving a
    sentence which must expire before the person may commence serving the
    disputed sentence.”    Id. (quoting 42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(1)).        Descardes,
    having satisfied his probationary sentence long before filing his petition,
    therefore was not eligible for PCRA relief. We further explained as follows:
    The PCRA states that it “shall be the sole means of obtaining
    collateral relief and encompasses all other common[-]law and
    statutory remedies for the same purpose that exist when this
    subchapter takes effect, including habeas corpus and coram
    nobis.” 42 Pa.C.S. § 9542. The key consideration is whether
    the underlying claim is cognizable under the PCRA; if so, a
    petitioner “may only obtain relief under the PCRA.”
    Commonwealth         v.    Pagan,       
    864 A.2d 1231
    ,    1233
    (Pa. Super. 2004)     (emphasis       in    original);   see     also
    Commonwealth v. Turner, 
    80 A.3d 754
    , 767 (Pa. 2013) (“The
    PCRA provides eligibility for relief for cognizable claims, . . . and
    is the sole means of obtaining collateral relief in Pennsylvania.”);
    Commonwealth v. West, 
    938 A.2d 1034
    , 1043 (Pa. 2007)
    (“[T]he PCRA subsumes all forms of collateral relief . . . to the
    extent a remedy is available under such enactment.” (emphasis
    omitted)); Commonwealth v. Peterkin, 
    722 A.2d 638
    , 640
    (Pa. 1998) (“The writ [of habeas corpus] continues to exist only
    in cases in which there is no remedy under the PCRA.”).
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    It is rare for a claim to fall outside the ambit of the PCRA. . . .
    For example, our Supreme Court found that a substantive due
    process challenge to the validity of recommitting the defendant
    to prison, after a nine-year delay in which he had mistakenly
    been free on appeal bond, did not fall within the ambit of the
    PCRA. See West, supra. The Supreme Court also has held that
    an allegation that Canada violated the petitioner’s rights under
    the International Covenant for Civil and Political Rights was not a
    cognizable PCRA claim. See Commonwealth v. Judge, 
    916 A.2d 511
     (Pa. 2007).
    In turning to Descardes’[] claim, it is, in broad terms, one of
    ineffective assistance of plea counsel, a claim that is explicitly
    within the purview of the PCRA.                See 42 Pa.C.S.
    § 9543(a)(2)(ii).     Descardes’[] exact claim, however, is
    predicated upon the Supreme Court’s holding in Padilla—that
    the Sixth Amendment requires defense counsel to advise
    defendant about the risk of deportation arising from a guilty
    plea. This particular claim of ineffective assistance of counsel
    did not exist until 2010 when the Supreme Court decided
    Padilla, which was years after Descardes completed his
    sentence. The time for pursuing a claim of ineffective assistance
    of counsel in a timely filed PCRA petition had long since expired.
    Under the circumstances presented, we find that this is one of
    the rare instances where the PCRA fails to provide a remedy for
    the claim.
    Descardes, 101 A.3d at 108-09 (citations modified).
    The writ of coram nobis, we noted, affords a defendant a means by
    which to collaterally attack a criminal conviction for a person who no longer
    is in custody. Id. at 109 (citing Chaidez v. United States, 
    133 S.Ct. 1103
    (U.S. 2013)).   Because Descardes was no longer in custody, he was
    excluded from PCRA relief. However, “he continue[d] to suffer the serious
    consequences of his deportation because of his state conviction.” Thus, we
    held that, “[b]ecause Descardes’[] specific ineffective assistance of counsel
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    claim was not recognized until well after the time he had to file a timely
    PCRA petition, coram nobis review should be available to him.” 
    Id.
    There is simply no daylight in any material aspect of the case sub
    judice and Descardes. As in Descardes, and as acknowledged by Attorney
    Gonzalez, Valerio has long since fulfilled his entire sentence.             As in
    Descardes, Valerio’s claims arise under Padilla, which was announced
    years after Valerio’s PCRA eligibility had expired.    Consequently, all things
    being equal, the PCRA court arguably erred in treating Valerio’s petition as
    one arising under the PCRA.
    The instant case parts ways from Descardes, however, insofar as
    Valerio’s petition does not expressly invoke coram nobis. Indeed, Valerio’s
    petition collectively invokes every grounds for relief except coram nobis, at
    least in its title.   The petition contained in the certified record is a hand-
    written, general prayer for relief by Valerio himself, which eventually was
    submitted    or   resubmitted    by   Mr. Gonzalez    under   the   guise   of   a
    November 27, 2013 “Petition to Attach Affidavit to Nunc-Pro Tunc Petition
    for Post Conviction Relief pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S.A. [§§] 9541, et seq.,
    and/or Petition for Nunc-Pro Tunc Appeal as to Denial of Petition for Post
    Conviction Relief or in the alternative Habeas Corpus Relief.” On that one-
    page petition, Mr. Gonzalez indicated that Valerio had filed a pro se PCRA
    petition on October 29, 2013, but that an affidavit by Valerio had been
    omitted.    The docket contains distinct entries for the October 29, 2013
    petition and the November 27, 2013 petition.         However, in the unofficial
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    numbering of the docket sheet, each filing appears under the number “35,”
    and corresponding to that number are the one-page petition to attach
    followed by the one-page, handwritten pro se petition and/or affidavit in
    question.
    In short, these two lone pages appear to comprise the entirety of
    Valerio’s 2013 PCRA petition.            However, more robust information and
    argument is found in Attorney Gonzalez’s subsequent answer to the trial
    PCRA court’s Rule 907 dismissal notice. Therein, Valerio fleshed out in detail
    the basis of his ineffectiveness claim—to wit, that he is entitled to relief
    pursuant to the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Padilla.
    Moreover, Attorney Gonzalez’s response to the trial court’s Rule 907 notice
    acknowledges that Valerio’s fulfillment of his entire sentence renders him
    ineligible for PCRA relief, but argues that, precisely because he is ineligible,
    in light of Padilla, the lack of an avenue for seeking such relief constitutes a
    violation of his right to due process of law.5
    ____________________________________________
    5
    Arguably, Valerio’s failure to invoke coram nobis at any time during
    the proceedings before the PCRA effectively waives any entitlement he has
    to seek such relief. However, given that Descardes had not yet issued
    indicating that coram nobis was the appropriate avenue for relief under
    these circumstances, and how challenging our jurisprudence has been with
    regard to when collateral relief may be pursued outside the confines of the
    PCRA, as well as the fact that Attorney Gonzalez raised the same substantive
    arguments as those raised in Descardes, we decline to dispose of this
    appeal based upon waiver.
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    Descardes giveth and Descardes taketh away.           Before the PCRA
    court, Valerio made the same substantive argument for extra-PCRA eligibility
    for relief that this Court accepted in Descardes as sufficient to support
    review under coram nobis rather than within the PCRA.          However, the
    Descardes’ Court nonetheless denied relief on the merits:
    In Chaidez, the United States Supreme Court held that Padilla
    announced a new rule of constitutional law that is inapplicable on
    collateral review to a petition seeking a writ of coram nobis
    whose conviction had become final before Padilla.             See
    133 S.Ct. at 1107-13. Put simply, “Padilla does not have
    retroactive effect.” 133 S.Ct. at 1105.
    Therefore, as Padilla does not apply retroactively[,] it may not
    serve as the basis for the collateral attack of Descardes’[]
    conviction, which was final when Padilla was decided. See
    United States v. Amer, 
    681 F.3d 211
    , 214 (5th Cir. 2012).
    Descardes, 101 A.3d at 109 (citations modified). Consequently, if for no
    other reason, Valerio is not entitled to relief pursuant to the Descardes
    Court’s determination that Padilla’s prospective application renders the
    prayers for relief of those whose judgments of sentence were imposed and
    sentences served before Padilla’s issuance infirm.
    As noted, Attorney Gonzalez effectively has satisfied all of the
    technical requirements of Turner and Finley.         Furthermore, we have
    conducted an independent review of the record and found no meritorious
    basis upon which Valerio might seek relief within or outside the PCRA
    context.   Accordingly, we find that Attorney Gonzalez may withdraw, and
    that Valerio is not entitled to relief.
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    Order affirmed. Petition to withdraw as counsel granted.
    Judge Jenkins joins the memorandum.
    Judge Ott concurs in the result.
    Judgment Entered.
    Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
    Prothonotary
    Date: 9/1/2015
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