Com. v. Allen, D. ( 2018 )

J-S71024-18
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
DARRYL ALLEN :
:
Appellant : No. 434 EDA 2018
Appeal from the PCRA Order January 4, 2018
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0002310-2016
BEFORE: PANELLA, J., DUBOW, J., and NICHOLS, J.
MEMORANDUM BY DUBOW, J.: FILED DECEMBER 24, 2018
Appellant, Darryl Allen, appeals from the January 4, 2018 Order
dismissing his first Petition filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act
(“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546. After careful review, we affirm.
The relevant facts and procedural history are as follows. On November
6, 2015, Appellant and Terrell Cooper had a heated argument over a conflict
that had occurred the previous day. Appellant then walked to a parked car
down the street and crouched behind it. He drew a gun, fired two bullets at
Cooper, and fled the scene.
The Commonwealth charged Appellant with Aggravated Assault,
Possession of a Firearm by a Prohibited Person (“VUFA 6105”), Firearms Not
to be Carried Without a License (“VUFA 6106”), Carrying a Firearm on a Public
Street in Philadelphia (“VUFA 6108”), Possession of an Instrument of Crime
(“PIC”), Simple Assault, and Reckless Endangerment of Another Person
J-S71024-18
(“REAP”).1 Appellant requested a bifurcated trial. On March 2, 2017, a jury
convicted Appellant of VUFA 6106 and VUFA 6108, and the court convicted
Appellant of VUFA 6105.
The court deferred sentencing for the preparation of Pre-Sentence
Investigation (“PSI”) and mental health reports.
On May 17, 2017, the court sentenced Appellant to 5- to 10 years’
incarceration for his VUFA 6105 and no further penalty on the remaining
convictions.2
On May 25, 2017, Appellant filed a Motion for Reconsideration of
Sentence, claiming that the court erroneously applied an offense gravity score
of 10, instead of 9. On June 9, 2017, held a hearing on Appellant’s Motion,
after which it resentenced Appellant to the same 5 to 10-year sentence of
imprisonment on the VUFA 6105 conviction. It also vacated the no further
penalty sentence on the VUFA 6106 conviction, and imposed an additional,
concurrent sentence of 5 to 10 years’ on that conviction.
Relevant to the instant appeal, at the conclusion of this hearing, the
court asked Appellant if he knew whether he intended to take an appeal, to
which he responded “No, ma’am.” N.T., 6/9/17, at 12. The court then
____________________________________________
118 Pa.C.S. §§ 2702(a); 6105(a)(1); 6106(a)(1); 6108; 907(a); 2701(a);
2705, respectivelt.
2At the sentencing hearing, Appellant also entered a guilty plea to Possession
with Intent to Deliver at Docket No. CP-51-CR-0006756. The court
consolidated Appellant’s drug case with the instant case for sentencing
purposes and sentenced him to 1 to 2 years’ incarceration for the drug
conviction, to run concurrently with the sentence in the instant case.
-2-
J-S71024-18
instructed Appellant to let his privately-retained counsel know if he changed
his mind and wished to file an appeal, so that the court could appoint appellate
counsel. Id. at 12-13. Appellant indicated that he understood the court’s
direction. Id. at 13.
Four days later, on June 13, 2017, the court vacated Appellant’s 5 to
10-year sentence on the VUFA 6106 conviction, and reimposed no further
penalty on that conviction. Appellant did not file a Post-Sentence Motion or a
direct appeal from his Judgment of Sentence.
On August 11, 2017, Appellant filed a timely pro se PCRA Petition,
claiming that his trial counsel rendered ineffective assistance by failing to
timely file a direct appeal from his Judgment of Sentence. See Petition,
8/11/17, at 4. The PCRA court appointed counsel who filed an Amended
Petition claiming that Appellant’s trial counsel was ineffective for failing to
consult fully with Appellant about whether Appellant wished to file an appeal
from his Judgment of Sentence, and seeking the reinstatement of Appellant’s
direct appeal rights nunc pro tunc. See Amended Petition, 11/29/17.
On December 19, 2017, the PCRA court held an evidentiary hearing at
which Appellant’s trial counsel testified. In particular, he testified that he
consulted with Appellant after the May 17 and June 9, 2017 sentencing
hearings about the advantages and disadvantages of filing an appeal, and
Appellant had stated that he did not want to appeal. See N.T., 12/19/17, at
9, 12, 16-19. He further testified that Appellant did not contact him after his
-3-
J-S71024-18
sentencing hearings to ask him to file an appeal. Id. at 19. Appellant did not
testify at the hearing.
On January 4, 2018, the PCRA court denied Appellant’s request for nunc
pro tunc reinstatement of his direct appeal rights, and dismissed his Petition.
This timely appeal followed.3
Appellant raises the following issue on appeal:
Did the [PRCA] court err in denying PCRA relief where prior
counsel was ineffective for failing to consult fully with [Appellant]
about taking an appeal and in failing to preserve all post-sentence
and appellate rights absent a knowing, intelligent, and voluntary
waiver of those rights?
Appellant’s Brief at 2.
The principles that guide our review are as follows:
On appeal from the denial of PCRA relief, our standard of review
requires us to determine whether the ruling of the PCRA court is
supported by the record and free of legal error. Commonwealth
v. Washington, 592 Pa. 698, 927 A.2d 586, 593-94 (2007). To
be eligible for relief based on a claim of ineffective assistance of
counsel, a PCRA petitioner must demonstrate by a preponderance
of the evidence that (1) the underlying claim is of arguable merit;
(2) no reasonable basis existed for counsel’s action or omission;
and (3) there is a reasonable probability that the result of the
proceeding would have been different absent such error.
Commonwealth v. Steele, 599 Pa. 341, 961 A.2d 786, 796
(2008).
Commonwealth v. Widgins, 29 A.3d 816, 819 (Pa. Super. 2011).
It is well settled that the “failure to file a requested direct appeal is
ineffective assistance of counsel per se and that an appellant need not show
that he likely would have succeeded on appeal in order to meet the prejudice
____________________________________________
3 The PCRA court did not order Appellant to file a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) Statement.
-4-
J-S71024-18
prong of the test for ineffectiveness. Commonwealth v. Bath, 907 A.2d
619, 622 (Pa. Super. 2006). However, “before a court will find ineffectiveness
of counsel for failing to file a direct appeal, the defendant must prove that he
requested an appeal and that counsel disregarded that request.” Id. (citation
omitted).
Here, Appellant did not testify at his PCRA hearing that he asked his
counsel to file an appeal, and he concedes that he did not ask trial counsel to
file a direct appeal. Relying on the United States Supreme Court decision,
Roe v. Flores-Ortega, 528 U.S. 470 (2000), however, he claims that
counsel’s consultation with him about filing an appeal was deficient, and
resulted in his unintelligent and unknowing waiver of his appeal rights.
Appellant’s Brief at 3-8.
In Flores-Ortega, the United States Supreme Court held counsel has a
constitutionally imposed duty to consult with a defendant when there is reason
to think a rational defendant would want to appeal or that the particular
defendant reasonably demonstrated to counsel he was interested in
appealing. Id. at 480. A petitioner must demonstrate a reasonable
probability that, but for counsel’s deficient failure to consult with him about
appeal, he would have timely appealed. Id. at 484. Counsel is not required
to file an appeal that a defendant does not request. Commonwealth v.
Markowitz, 32 A.3d 706, 716 (Pa. Super. 2011).
-5-
J-S71024-18
In order to be eligible for relief under Flores-Ortega, a defendant must
show that he had “not clearly articulated his wishes regarding an appeal.”
Commonwealth v. Donaghy, 33 A.3d 12, 15 (Pa. Super. 2011).
Here, the evidence of record, namely Appellant’s trial counsel’s
unrebutted testimony, indicates that counsel consulted with Appellant about
the advantages and disadvantages of taking an appeal, and that Appellant
clearly told counsel he did not want to appeal. N.T., 12/19/17, at 17.
Moreover, at his May 17, 2017 sentencing hearing, the court informed
Appellant that he had 10 days to file a post-sentence motion and 30 days to
file a notice of appeal. It also informed him that, if he wanted to challenge
his sentence or the weight of the evidence, he must preserve those issues in
a post-sentence motion. N.T., 5/17/17, at 44-45. Following this hearing,
Appellant’s girlfriend contacted counsel and requested that he file a Post-
Sentence Motion, which counsel did.
Following the June 9, 2017 hearing on Appellant’s Post-Sentence
Motion, the court resentenced Appellant and informed Appellant that he must
let his counsel know if he wished to appeal from his Judgment of Sentence.
N.T., 6/9/17, at 13. Appellant indicated that he understood this instruction
and that he “did not want to pursue anything any further.” Id. at 12-13, 18-
19. Appellant did not make further contact with his counsel. N.T., 12/19/17,
at 18-19.
The PCRA court credited counsel’s testimony and determined that
Appellant “explicitly indicated that he did not wish to file a Notice of Appeal.”
-6-
J-S71024-18
PCRA Ct. Op., 1/17/18, at 7. We are bound by the PCRA court’s credibility
determinations where they are supported by the record. See Widgins,
supra, 29 A.3d at 820. See also Commonwealth v. Dennis, 17 A.3d 297,
305 (Pa. 2011) (PCRA court’s credibility determinations, if supported by the
record, are binding on a reviewing court). Our review confirms that the PCRA
court’s findings and determinations are supported by the record, and
therefore, we must accept them. Accordingly, Appellant is not entitled to
relief.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 12/24/18
-7-