Com. v. Gates, R. ( 2015 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION – SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee :
:
v. :
:
RAYMOND ANTHONY GATES, JR., :
:
Appellant : No. 1716 WDA 2014
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered September 9, 2014,
in the Court of Common Pleas of Erie County,
Criminal Division, at No(s): CP-25-CR-0001282-2014
and CP-25-CR-0002225-2010
BEFORE: PANELLA, LAZARUS, and STRASSBURGER, JJ.*
MEMORANDUM BY STRASSBURGER, J.: FILED OCTOBER 6, 2015
Raymond Anthony Gates, Jr. (Appellant) appeals from the judgment of
sentence imposed after the revocation of his probation/parole and his
sentence imposed after pleading guilty to theft by unlawful taking. Counsel
for Appellant has filed a petition to withdraw as counsel pursuant to Anders
v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967) and Commonwealth v. Santiago, 978
A.2d 349 (Pa. 2009). We affirm the judgment of sentence and grant the
petition to withdraw.
The history of this case can be summarized as follows. On September
30, 2010, Appellant pled guilty to burglary at CP-25-CR-0002225-2010
(2225 of 2010); and, on November 17, 2010, Appellant was sentenced to
11½ to 23 months’ incarceration to be followed by 3 years’ probation.
Appellant was paroled on April 12, 2011. On December 19, 2012,
*Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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Appellant’s sentence of parole and probation was revoked and he was
sentenced to 11½ to 23 months’ incarceration, with credit for 323 days for
time served, to be followed by 3 years of probation. Appellant was paroled
on April 6, 2013.
On September 9, 2014, Appellant pled guilty at CP-25-CR-0001282-
2014 (1282 of 2014) to theft by unlawful taking, a third-degree
misdemeanor. He was sentenced to three to twelve months’ incarceration.
On the same day, Appellant’s sentence of parole and probation was revoked,
and he was sentenced to a period of incarceration of fifteen to thirty months
to be served concurrently with his sentence at 1282 of 2014.
On September 19, 2014, Appellant timely filed a post-sentence
motion. In that motion, Appellant asserted that the trial court erred in
failing to consider the fact Appellant had already served significant time in
jail. Specifically, Appellant argued “that not giving him said credit is unfair
under the circumstances” due to the “substantial amount of time [Appellant]
has already served in jail.” 10 Day Motion to Reconsider Sentence,
9/19/2014, at 1, 2. The trial court denied that motion, and Appellant timely
filed a notice of appeal from both his new sentence and his revocation
sentence. The trial court ordered Appellant to file a concise statement of
errors complained of on appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925, and Appellant
timely complied.
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The following principles guide our review of this matter:
Direct appeal counsel seeking to withdraw under Anders must
file a petition averring that, after a conscientious examination of
the record, counsel finds the appeal to be wholly frivolous.
Counsel must also file an Anders brief setting forth issues that
might arguably support the appeal along with any other issues
necessary for the effective appellate presentation thereof….
Anders counsel must also provide a copy of the Anders
petition and brief to the appellant, advising the appellant of the
right to retain new counsel, proceed pro se or raise any
additional points worthy of this Court’s attention.
If counsel does not fulfill the aforesaid technical
requirements of Anders, this Court will deny the petition to
withdraw and remand the case with appropriate instructions
(e.g., directing counsel either to comply with Anders or file an
advocate’s brief on Appellant’s behalf). By contrast, if counsel’s
petition and brief satisfy Anders, we will then undertake our
own review of the appeal to determine if it is wholly frivolous. If
the appeal is frivolous, we will grant the withdrawal petition and
affirm the judgment of sentence. However, if there are non-
frivolous issues, we will deny the petition and remand for the
filing of an advocate’s brief.
Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 931 A.2d 717, 720-21 (Pa. Super. 2007)
(citations omitted).
Our Supreme Court has clarified portions of the Anders procedure:
Accordingly, we hold that in the Anders brief that accompanies
court-appointed counsel’s petition to withdraw, counsel must:
(1) provide a summary of the procedural history and facts, with
citations to the record; (2) refer to anything in the record that
counsel believes arguably supports the appeal; (3) set forth
counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is frivolous; and (4) state
counsel’s reasons for concluding that the appeal is frivolous.
Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of record, controlling
case law, and/or statutes on point that have led to the
conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.
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Santiago, 978 A.2d at 361.
Based upon our examination of counsel’s petition to withdraw and
Anders brief, we conclude that counsel has substantially complied with the
above requirements.1 Once “counsel has met these obligations, ‘it then
becomes the responsibility of the reviewing court to make a full examination
of the proceedings and make an independent judgment to decide whether
the appeal is in fact wholly frivolous.’” Commonwealth v. Flowers, 113
A.3d 1246, 1249 (Pa. Super. 2015) (quoting Santiago, 978 A.2d at 354 n.
5).
According to counsel, Appellant wishes to challenge the discretionary
aspects of his sentence: “Whether the Appellant’s sentence is manifestly
excessive, clearly unreasonable and inconsistent with the objectives of the
Pennsylvania Sentencing Code?” Appellant’s Brief at 3.
Instantly, Appellant is appealing both his new sentence at 1282 of
2014 and his revocation sentence at 22250 of 2010. Both challenges are
within our scope of review. See Commonwealth v. Ferguson, 893 A.2d
735, 737 (Pa. Super. 2006) (holding that it is within this Court’s scope of
review to consider challenges to the discretionary aspects of an appellant’s
sentence in an appeal following a revocation of probation); see also
Commonwealth v. Ahmad, 961 A.2d 884, 886 (Pa. Super. 2008) (“A
1
Appellant has not responded to counsel’s petition to withdraw.
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challenge to an alleged excessive sentence is a challenge to the discretionary
aspects of a sentence.”).
An appellant challenging the discretionary aspects of his sentence
must invoke this Court’s jurisdiction by satisfying a four-part test:
We conduct a four-part analysis to determine: (1) whether
appellant has filed a timely notice of appeal, see Pa.R.A.P. 902
and 903; (2) whether the issue was properly preserved at
sentencing or in a motion to reconsider and modify sentence,
see Pa.R.Crim.P. 720; (3) whether appellant’s brief has a fatal
defect, Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f); and (4) whether there is a substantial
question that the sentence appealed from is not appropriate
under the Sentencing Code, 42 Pa.C.S.[] § 9781(b).
Commonwealth v. Griffin, 65 A.3d 932, 935 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citation
omitted).
The record reflects that Appellant timely filed a notice of appeal and
Appellant has included in his brief a statement pursuant to Pa.R.A.P.
2119(f). Moreover, Appellant has preserved the issue of “sentence length”
in his post-sentence motion by arguing the trial court erred by failing to
consider what is purportedly a mitigating factor that Appellant has served
significant jail time.2 See Appellant’s Brief at 6. We now consider whether
2
Appellant’s post-sentence motion is confusing because he uses the term of
art “credit for time served” to reference the substantial time Appellant spent
in jail. However, pre-trial incarceration is traditionally termed “time served.”
In the context of a claim challenging the discretionary aspects of sentence,
the proper terminology would be failure to consider a mitigating factor,
namely that Appellant has served significant time in jail. See 10 Day Motion
to Reconsider Sentence, 9/19/2014. Moreover, the issue stated in
Appellant’s concise statement is the following: “The trial court committed an
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Appellant has presented a substantial question for our review as to each
sentence.
The determination of what constitutes a substantial question must be
evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Commonwealth v. Paul, 925 A.2d
825, 828 (Pa. Super. 2007). “A substantial question exists only when the
appellant advances a colorable argument that the sentencing judge’s actions
were either: (1) inconsistent with a specific provision of the Sentencing
Code; or (2) contrary to the fundamental norms which underlie the
sentencing process.” Griffin, 65 A.3d at 935 (citation and quotation marks
omitted).
Appellant contends that the trial court failed to consider one of the
factors set forth in 42 Pa.C.S. § 9721(b). Those factors are “that the
sentence imposed should call for confinement that is consistent with the
protection of the public, the gravity of the offense as it relates to the impact
on the life of the victim and on the community, and the rehabilitative needs
of the defendant.” 42 Pa.C.S. § 9721(b). The factor Appellant claims the
trial court did not consider is the amount of time Appellant has already spent
error of law or abused its discretion at the time of sentence as that
[Appellant] was not properly credited for time he spent incarcerated.”
Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal, 11/6/2014, at ¶ 6.
Moreover, the trial court was confused as well, as its opinion addressed only
its rationale of how it would credit Appellant’s time that he had spent in jail
prior to pleading guilty. See Trial Court Opinion, 11/12/2014, at 2.
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in jail. Such a challenge does not raise a substantial question as it does not
fall into any of the aforementioned categories. Appellant committed a new
crime while he was on probation for a crime for which he had been
incarcerated twice previously. Consideration of that factor is proper under
the sentencing code and therefore not a basis to raise a substantial
question. See 42 Pa.C.S. § 9771(c)(1) (“The court shall not impose a
sentence of total confinement upon revocation unless it finds that: (1) the
defendant has been convicted of another crime[.]”); Commonwealth v.
Shugars, 895 A.2d 1270, 1275 (Pa. Super. 2006) (“Trial courts are
permitted to use prior conviction history and other factors already included
in the guidelines if, they are used to supplement other extraneous
sentencing information.” (emphasis in original)).
Based on the foregoing, we conclude that Appellant’s issue challenging
the discretionary aspects of his sentence is frivolous. Moreover, we have
conducted “a full examination of the proceedings” and conclude that “the
appeal is in fact wholly frivolous.” Flowers, 113 A.3d at 1248. Thus, we
affirm the judgment of sentence and grant counsel’s petition to withdraw.
Judgment of sentence affirmed. Petition to withdraw granted.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 10/6/2015
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