Commonwealth v. Roberson , 258 Pa. Super. 471 ( 1978 )

PRICE, Judge:

Appellant was arrested at the age of seventeen and subsequently convicted of various offenses following a jury trial. Following denial of his post-trial motions for a new trial and in arrest of judgment, appellant was sentenced. We affirm that judgment.

Appellant presents one issue which, if it had been properly preserved, would entitle him to a new trial, namely that his confession should have been suppressed because he was not given an opportunity, prior to waiving his Miranda rights, of consulting with an interested adult,¹ in accordance with Commonwealth v. McCutchen, 463 Pa. 90, 343 A.2d 669 (1975). Appellant argued in his post-verdict motions:

“The court erred in not granting defendant’s motion to suppress defendant’s alleged confession and admitting same into evidence as the statement was the fruit of an illegal arrest and the product of unnecessary delay between arrest and arraignment; furthermore, the defendant did not knowingly and intelligently waive his constitutional rights and the statement was involuntary under the totality of the circumstances.” (emphasis added)

The Pennsylvania Supreme Court decided in Commonwealth v. Baylis, 477 Pa. 472, 384 A.2d 1185 (1978), that when a juvenile did not specifically assert in his suppression motion that he had no opportunity to consult with an interested adult, but rather that his Miranda rights were ineffective, the specific issue was not preserved. We find the language in this case equally insufficient to preserve the identical claim in post-trial motions.

Furthermore, we do not accept the rationale of the dissent that appellant preserved the issue by specifically presenting it in an addendum brief to his post-trial motions; the brief was not included in the record which accompanied the appeal to our court. The dissenters would not find waiver because, once a formal request was made by our prothonotary, a copy of the addendum brief was supplied to this court. This we do not accept. See Commonwealth v. Walsh, 252 Pa.Super. 111, 380 A.2d 1307 (1977).

In Commonwealth v. Blair, 460 Pa. 31, 331 A.2d 213 (1975), the supreme court held that to be preserved for appellate review, all issues which a defendant wished to assert had to be initially presented to the lower court in written post-trial motions. Since that decision, a myriad of others has followed, more often confusing than elucidating what appeared to be a very simple dictate at the outset. In Commonwealth v. Grace, 473 Pa. 542, 375 A.2d 721 (1977), the court held that in cases in which a written brief or memorandum was filed with the lower court, but no post-trial motions were filed, the strict waiver concept of Pa.R.Crim.P. 1123 would not be enforced. In Commonwealth v. Jones, 478 Pa. 172, 386 A.2d 495 (1978), the supreme court retreated further from the orderly process it urged in Blair, and it found that a brief presented to the lower court and containing the defendant’s assignments of error would be given the same credence that a filed memorandum or brief would receive. Chief Justice Eagen wrote in his majority opinion that, “The post-verdict motion court performs an appellate function and briefs presented to that court should be considered when made available to us to resolve waiver questions even though they are not ‘technically’ part of the record.” 478 Pa. at 177, n.1, 386 A.2d at 497, n.1 (emphasis added).

Justice Nix, who concurred with the result reached by the majority but fervently denounced the majority’s further watering down of Blair and Rule 1123, stated in his concurring opinion in Jones:

“In order to find that the issues in this case are not waived, the majority ignores not only the clear definition of the record on appeal promulgated by this Court in Rule of Appellate Procedure 1921, but also the principle, settled for centuries, that an appellate court may not consider matters outside the record on appeal. . . . Until this Court resolves to apply its procedural rules firmly and consistently, we will continue to have rampant confusion in an area where it is of paramount importance to obtain clarity and certainty.” 478 Pa. at 181, 386 A.2d at 499-500 (footnote and citations omitted) (emphasis in original).

Unfortunately, the words of Justice Nix went unheeded.

Although abide by the supreme court’s decisions we must, we simply do not read Jones to place upon this court the obligation of expending time, effort and man power to scout around the prothonotaries’ offices in fifty-nine courts of common pleas to unearth briefs that may have been “presented” to the courts, but not made part of the records, in an effort to find defendants’ assertions of error preserved. We interpret Jones to require that if a defendant presents a memorandum or brief to the post-trial motions court, and, whether filed with the clerk or not, it is included in the record certified to us, then we are constrained to find his assertions preserved and to rule upon them. Absent that, we do not feel compelled to exert this court’s energies engaging in a hunting expedition. Until mandated to do so, we will not.²

Judgment of sentence affirmed.

SPAETH, J., files a dissenting opinion in which CER-CONE, J., joins. WATKINS, former President Judge, and HOFFMAN, J., did not participate in the consideration or decision of this case.

1 . Appellant also raises the following contentions for our consideration: (1) that his case should not have been certified from juvenile to adult court because of insufficient evidence, (2) that he was not timely tried in accord with Pa.R.Crim.P. 1100, (3) that the prosecutor misstated facts and expressed his opinion of appellant’s guilt in his summation, and (4) that the trial court erred in refusing to give appellant’s requested point for charge regarding identification testimony. A review of the record satisfies us that these contentions, properly presented in post-trial motions, are without merit.

2 . Of course, appellant’s assertion is not preserved for review simply because the lower court opinion and addresses it. Commonwealth v. Slaughter, 482 Pa. 538, 394 A.2d 453 (1978); Commonwealth v. Waters, 477 Pa. 430, 384 A.2d 234 (1978).