Com. v. Pagan-Rosario, J. ( 2014 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee :
:
v. :
:
JEAN C. PAGAN-ROSARIO, :
:
Appellant : No. 220 WDA 2014
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered November 13, 2013,
In the Court of Common Pleas of Erie County,
Criminal Division, at No. CP-25-CR-0003329-2011.
BEFORE: FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E., SHOGAN and ALLEN, JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY SHOGAN, J.: FILED OCTOBER 06, 2014
Appellant, Jean C. Pagan-Rosario, appeals from the order denying his
second timely petition for relief filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief
-9546. We affirm.
Appellant was charged with various drug-related offenses, including
three misdemeanors. Pursuant to a plea agreement, the misdemeanor
charges were dropped and Appellant pled guilty to PWID (heroin). Appellant
was sentenced on November 20, 2012 to a mandatory minimum term of
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sixty to one-hundred-twenty months of imprisonment.1 No post-sentence
motions were filed and no direct appeal followed.
An untimely motion for modification of sentence, nunc pro tunc, was
filed by Appellant, pro se, on January 17, 2013.2 The trial court treated the
motion as a PCRA petition and appointed the office of the public defender to
represent Appellant. In that PCRA petition, Appellant alleged that 1) trial
counsel was ineffective for failing to file a post-sentence motion or direct
nce, of a
mandatory minimum of five years of incarceration and a $30,000.00
maximum fine, was improper as he was subject only to a three-year
mandatory minimum and a $15,000.00 fine.
On April 22, 2013, appointed PCRA counsel filed a Turner/Finley3
-m
Turner/Finley and filed a petition to withdraw as counsel. In addressing
1
See
2
pro se PCRA petition is
deemed filed on January 17, 2013, the date it was placed in the hands of
prison authorities for mailing. See Commonwealth v. Crawford, 17 A.3d
pro se document filed on the date it is placed in the hands of prison
3
Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988); Commonwealth
v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc).
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r failure to file post-
sentence motions or a direct appeal or that counsel was ineffective for failing
to explain to Appellant why he faced a five-year mandatory minimum
not illegal.
On May 3, 2013, the PCRA court filed an opinion and notice of its intent to
dismiss the petition, and on May 28, 2013, issued a final order denying the
Appellant PCRA relief. No appeal was filed. On October 15, 2013, Appellant,
pro se, filed his second PCRA petition which is the basis of this appeal.4
The PCRA court issued a notice of intent to dismiss the PCRA petition
on October 16, 2013. On October 23, 2013, Appellant filed an amended
PCRA petition, prepared by privately-retained counsel. On November 13,
pro se and amended petitions.
Appellant filed his appeal on December 12, 2013.
Appellant raises the following issues on appeal, which we reproduce,
verbatim, as follows:
4
when his time for filing a direct appeal had expired. 42 Pa.C.S.
§ 9545(b)(3); Pa.R.A.P. 903(a). As such, Appellant had until December 20,
2013, to file any PCRA petition, including a second or subsequent petition.
tition filed on October 15,
2013 was timely.
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(a) Whether the Trial Court committed reversible error when it
and the Amended Petition of October 15, 2013.
wingly,
voluntarily and intelligently given; if not, whether this is a basis
to set aside the guilty plea.
Defendant was ineffective for failing to conduct the type of
discovery which Brady v. Maryland 373 U.S. 83 (1963) requires
as to the disclosure of exculpatory and impeachment evidence;
the failure of Attorney Hackwelder to motion to suppress
evidence within thirty (30) days after arraignment; the failure of
defense counsel to challenge the manner in which he was taken
into custody and narcotics and contraband was seized by law
enforcement without compliance with the Miranda warnings; and
the failure by defense counsel to challenge the circumstances by
which it was determined that he was in the possession of a
handgun, as well as failing to challenge a purported confession
and for failing to file a motion challenging the weight of the
evidence.
(d) Whether the plea colloquy conducted by the trial court met
the requisite standards required for a knowing, voluntary and
intelligent plea.
that he was denied a fair trial and was prejudiced.
-3.
When reviewing the propriety of an order granting or denying PCRA
relief, this Court is limited to determining whether the evidence of record
supports the determination of the PCRA court and whether the ruling is free
of legal error. Commonwealth v. Boyd, 923 A.2d 513, 515 (Pa. Super.
2007). Great deference is granted to the findings of the PCRA court, and
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these findings will not be disturbed unless they have no support in the
certified record. Commonwealth v. Wilson, 824 A.2d 331, 333 (Pa.
Super. 2003).
Because this is a serial petition for post-conviction relief, Appellant
must meet a more stringent standard. In Commonwealth v. Lawson, 549
A.2d 107, 112 (Pa. 1988), our Supreme Court held that serial post-
conviction petitions, such as the present one, are also subject to a
miscarriage-of-justice standard. Lawson, 549 A.2d at 112.
A second or any subsequent post-conviction request for relief
prima facie showing is
offered to demonstrate that a miscarriage of justice may have
Commonwealth v. Carpenter, 555 Pa. 434, 725
A.2d 154, 160 (1999) (quoting Commonwealth v. Lawson,
prima facie
proceedings which resulted in his conviction were so unfair that a
miscarriage of justice occurred which no civilized society could
tolerate, or that he was innocent of the crimes for which he was
Id. (quoting Commonwealth v. Morales, 549 Pa.
400, 701 A.2d 516, 520-21 (1997)); see also Commonwealth
v. Palmer, 814 A.2d 700, 709 (Pa. Super. 2002).
Commonwealth v. Burkhardt, 833 A.2d 233, 236 (Pa. Super. 2003).5
On appeal, Appellant asserts that trial counsel was ineffective:
for failing to conduct the type of discovery which Brady v.
Maryland 373 U.S. 83 (1963) requires as to the disclosure of
5
In Commonwealth v. Beasley, 967 A.2d 376, 393-394 (Pa. 2009), our
Supreme Court restated Lawson and declined to change it.
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exculpatory and impeachment evidence; the failure of Attorney
Hackwelder to motion to suppress evidence within thirty (30)
days after arraignment; the failure of defense counsel to
challenge the manner in which [Appellant] was taken into
custody and narcotics and contraband [were] seized by law
enforcement without compliance with the Miranda warnings; and
the failure by defense counsel to challenge the circumstances by
which it was determined that he was in the possession of a
handgun, as well as failing to challenge a purported confession
and for failing to file a motion challenging the weight of the
evidence.
his guilty plea was
not knowing, voluntary and intelligent and that the on-the-record colloquy
was insufficient. Id. at 7-8.6
PCRA, which lists four factors that must be met before such relief may be
granted. The third factor is stated as follows:
§ 9543. Eligibility for relief
(a) General rule.--To be eligible for relief under this
subchapter, the petitioner must plead and prove by a
preponderance of the evidence all of the following:
***
(3) That the allegation of error has not been
previously litigated or waived.
6
We note that, although Appellant presents five issues in his statement of
questions involved, the argument portion of his brief is divided into four
sections and the argument sections do not correspond to the issues as
designated.
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42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(3). The PCRA defines an allegation of error previously
litigated or waived as follows:
§ 9544. Previous litigation and waiver
(a) Previous litigation.--For purposes of this subchapter, an
issue has been previously litigated if:
***
(2) the highest appellate court in which the
petitioner could have had review as a matter of right
has ruled on the merits of the issue; or
(3) it has been raised and decided in a proceeding
collaterally attacking the conviction or sentence.
***
(b) Issues waived.--For purposes of this subchapter, an issue
is waived if the petitioner could have raised it but failed to do so
before trial, at trial, . . . , on appeal or in a prior state
postconviction proceeding.
42 Pa.C.S. § 9544.
In the case sub judice, Appellant could have raised all of the issues
presented herein in his prior PCRA petition. 42 Pa.C.S. § 9544(b).
Accordingly, the issues have been waived unless Appellant can establish one
of the exceptions under Lawson.
As previously noted, in a second or subsequent post-conviction
innocence or which raise the possibility that the proceedings resulting in
conviction were so unfair that a miscarriage of justice which no civilized
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society can tolerate occurred. Lawson, 549 A.2d at 112. A third exception
to the waiver provisions exists: issues involving the legality of a sentence,
since those types of issues never may be waived. Commonwealth v.
Williams, 660 A.2d 614, 618 (Pa. Super. 1995).
voluntary and intelligent, which will be discussed subsequently, fail to meet
nor do they raise the possibility that the proceedings were so unfair that his
conviction resulted from a miscarriage of justice which no civilized society
could tolerate.7 Additionally, Appellant does not raise an allegation of
illegality of sentence.8 Therefore, these claims will not be entertained
herein.
7
In Commonwealth v. Dukeman, 605 A.2d 418, 421 (Pa. Super. 1992),
aim that his rights pursuant to
Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, (1966), were violated was not an issue
ess
and ineffective assistance of counsel claims. See Commonwealth v.
Laskaris, 595 A.2d 1229, 1231-1232 (Pa. Super. 1991) (PCRA court found
no miscarriage of justice entitling appellant to PCRA relief in a due process
claim.); Commonwealth v. Szuchon, 633 A.2d 1098, 1099-1100 (Pa.
1993) (no miscarriage of justice found entitling appellant to PCRA relief
where appellant made claims of ineffective assistance of counsel).
8
As noted above, we recognize that we may nonetheless address a legality
of sentence issue in a timely PCRA petition. In this regard, we are mindful
of the holding of the United States Supreme Court in Alleyne v. United
States
t must be submitted to the jury
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voluntarily and intelligently entered, does raise a colorable issue relating to
his innocence and will be entertained on the merits. Nonetheless, we
conclude that it is refuted by the record.
charges, 2) the factual basis of the plea, 3) the right to a jury trial, 4) the
Commonwealth v.
Morrison, 878 A.2d 102, 107 (Pa. Super. 2005); Pa.R.Crim.P. 590,
Comment. Additionally, a written plea colloquy that is read, completed and
signed by the defendant and made part of the record may serve as the
-the-record
examination. Morrison, 878 A.2d at 108 (citing Comment to Pa.R.Crim.P.
Alleyne, 133 S.Ct. at 2155. This
Court has invalidated mandatory minimum sentences imposed pursuant to
42 Pa.C.S. § 9712.1 based upon mandate. See Commonwealth
v. Watley, 81 A.3d 108 (Pa. Super. 2013) (en banc); Commonwealth v.
Munday, 78 A.3d 661 (Pa. Super. 2013). Nevertheless, we find that the
holding in Alleyne does not affect the sentence in the present case because
Appellant entered a guilty plea and the sentence imposed was negotiated as
the dictates of Alleyne. See Commonwealth v. Tobin, 89 A.3d 663, 665
n.1 (Pa. Super. 2014) (stating that because defendant pled guilty to
possession with intent to deliver marijuana, and admitted to possessing
twenty marijuana plants, mandatory minimum sentence imposed pursuant
to 18 Pa.C.S. § 7508 did not violate dictates of Alleyne). Moreover,
Alleyne was decided on June 17, 2013, almost six months after A
sentence became final.
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surrounding the entry of the plea disclose that the defendant had a full
understanding of the nature and consequences of his plea and that he
k Commonwealth v.
Yeomans, 24 A.3d 1044, 1047 (Pa. Super. 2011) (quoting
Commonwealth v. Fluharty
law presumes that a defendant who enters a guilty plea was aware of what
Commonwealth
v. Pollard, 832 A.2d 517, 523 (Pa. Super. 2003) (internal citation omitted).
the plea. Commonwealth v. Lewis, 791 A.2d 1227, 1235 (Pa. Super.
2002).
In this case, both a written plea colloquy and an oral on-the-record
colloquy took place. Both colloquies complied with the requirements
outlined above. Moreover, Appellant has not carried the burden of proving
that his plea was not knowingly, intelligently and voluntarily entered.
Indeed, the fact that Appellant entered his plea in response to a negotiated
plea agreement strongly indicates that the plea was voluntary. Lewis, 791
A.2d at 1235. As such, we conclude that this claim lacks merit.
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for relief.
Order affirmed. Jurisdiction relinquished.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 10/6/2014
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