Com. v. Shields, E. ( 2020 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
ERIC LEE SHIELDS :
:
Appellant : No. 977 MDA 2019
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered June 2, 2017,
in the Court of Common Pleas of Luzerne County,
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-40-CR-0001987-2016.
BEFORE: SHOGAN, J., KUNSELMAN, J., and MUSMANNO, J.
MEMORANDUM BY KUNSELMAN, J.: FILED: APRIL 6, 2020
Eric Lee Shields appeals from the judgment of sentence imposed after
he pled guilty to two counts of failure to register 1 under the Sex Offender
Registration and Notification Act (“SORNA”). 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9799.10-
9799.41. Because the application of SORNA to Shields violates the ex post
facto clause as stated in Commonwealth v. Muniz, 164 A.3d 1189 (Pa.
2017), we vacate Shields’ judgment of sentence.
The pertinent facts and procedural history are as follows: Based upon
his conduct between December 2011 and August 2012, the Commonwealth
charged Shields charged with indecent assault (person less than 13 years of
age), corruption of minors, endangering the welfare of children, and indecent
exposure at CP-XX-XXXXXXX-2013.
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1 See 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 4915.1.
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On January 29, 2014, Shields entered into a guilty plea agreement. As
part of this plea agreement, Shields understood that he would be required to
register as a sex offender. At the time he committed the sexual offenses, the
registration requirements were set forth in Megan’s Law III. By the time of
his guilty plea and sentence, however, Megan’s Law III had been replaced by
SORNA.
On March 11, 2016, [Shields] was charged with failing to comply with
SORNA’S registration requirements. On February 1, 2017, he entered a guilty
plea and the trial court sentenced him to an aggregate term of four to ten
years. Following the denial of his post-sentence motion, Shields filed an
appeal to this Court. On appeal, Shields asserted that his convictions under
SORNA violated the ex post facto clauses of both the state and federal
constitutions. In an unpublished memorandum filed on July 13, 2018, we
were constrained to affirm Shields’ judgment of sentence because he failed to
preserve this claim in his Rule 1925(b) statement. See Commonwealth v.
Shields, 194 A.3d 607 (Pa. Super. 2018). Our Supreme Court denied Shields’
petition for allowance of appeal on March 18, 2019. Commonwealth v.
Shields, 204 A.3d 920 (Pa. 2019).2
____________________________________________
2 On October 4, 2018, Shields filed a pro se PCRA petition in which he asserted
that counsel was ineffective for failing to amend the Rule 1925(b) statement
to include the SORNA claim. By order entered December 21, 2018, the PCRA
court denied this petition without prejudice to Shields to refile following
resolution of the direct appeal process.
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On April 8, 2019, Shields filed a pro se PCRA petition in which he raised,
inter alia, the claim that appellate counsel was ineffective for failing to
preserve the Muniz claim on appeal.3 The PCRA court appointed counsel, and
PCRA counsel filed a supplement to Shields’ pro se petition. The PCRA court
held an evidentiary hearing on June 4, 2109. At the hearing, the parties
agreed to reinstate Shields’ direct appeal rights nunc pro tunc. This timely
appeal followed. Both Shields and the trial court have complied with Pa.R.A.P.
1925.
Shields now raises the following issue:
I. Whether [Shields’] conviction under [SORNA] violates
the Ex Post Facto clauses of the Pennsylvania and
United States Constitutions.
Shields’ Brief at 3 (emphasis omitted).
Regarding such challenges, this Court has recently reiterated:
legality of a criminal sentence is non-waivable, and this
Court may raise and review an illegal sentence sua sponte.
Because the legality of a sentence presents a pure question
of a law, our scope of review is plenary, and our standard of
review is de novo. If no statutory authorization exists for a
particular sentence, that sentence is illegal and must be
vacated.
Commonwealth v. Pi Delta Psi, Inc., 211 A.3d 875, 889–90 (Pa. Super.
2019), appeal denied, 221 A.3d 644 (Pa. 2019).
____________________________________________
3 This petition does not appear in the certified record.
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Here, the trial court concedes that Shields’ convictions for violations of
SORNA registration requirements must be vacated because its application to
Shields, whose criminal offenses occurred prior to SORNA’s effective date,
violates the constitutional ex post facto clauses. The trial court explained:
As the record reflects, [Shields] committed the sex
offenses prior to the December 20, 2012 effective date of
SORNA. Given the foregoing, and in reliance on our
Supreme Court’s decision in Muniz, it appears that the
application of SORNA’s registration and reporting
requirements to [Shields’] violated ex post facto
prohibitions, as it inflicted a greater punishment upon him
than the law in effect at the time he committed the
underlying sex offenses.
For the foregoing reasons, [Shields’] June 2, 2017
judgment of sentence should be vacated.
Trial Court Opinion, 9/6/19, at 3-4 (citing Commonwealth v. Lippincott,
208 A.3d 143, 150-51 (Pa. Super. 2019) (en banc); Commonwealth v.
Wood, 208 A.3d 131, 140 (Pa. Super. 2019) (en banc)).
Our reading of Pennsylvania precedent supports the trial court’s
conclusion. See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Adams-Smith, 209 A.3d 1011.
1022-23 (Pa. Super. 2019) (reversing conviction for failing to register under
SORNA, and vacating judgment of sentence, because retroactive application
of SORNA is unconstitutional under Muniz).
Although the Commonwealth agrees that Shields would be entitled to
relief under Muniz, it asserts that the trial court lacked jurisdiction to grant
relief, because Shields had an appeal pending from the denial of a previously
filed PCRA petition. See Commonwealth’s Brief at 4. In reply, Shields
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responds that the Commonwealth mistakenly refers to a PCRA petition he filed
regarding the underlying 2013 charges, (not his 2016 charges for failure to
register). Our review of the certified record, as summarized above, confirms
that Shields timely filed his PCRA petition in this case regarding his 2016
failure to register charges, and he therefore is entitled to relief. Shields could
not be convicted for failure to register, and we must set aside his sentence for
this conviction.
Judgment of sentence vacated. Jurisdiction relinquished.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 04/06/2020
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