Com. v. Wilson, A. ( 2020 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
ATIBA WILSON :
:
Appellant : No. 1218 WDA 2019
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered July 17, 2019
In the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-02-CR-0012661-2015
BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., OLSON, J., and STEVENS, P.J.E.*
MEMORANDUM BY OLSON, J.: FILED APRIL 20, 2020
Appellant, Atiba Wilson, appeals pro se from the order entered on July
17, 2019, dismissing his first petition filed pursuant to the Post Conviction
Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546. We dismiss the appeal.
The trial court summarized the facts and procedural history of this case
as follows:
[Appellant was] arrest[ed] on September 22, 2015 after the police
responded to a call for a disturbance involving a firearm at a
McDonald’s restaurant located in downtown Pittsburgh[,
Pennsylvania]. [Appellant] filed a [m]otion to [s]uppress on the
basis that [the police seized items] from [Appellant] during an
illegal search[.] A suppression hearing was held on May 23, 2016.
At the suppression hearing the Commonwealth presented the
testimony of Detective Matthew Zuccher of the City of Pittsburgh
Police who testified that while on patrol on September 22, 2015
at approximately 8:00 p.m. he received a dispatch to proceed to
the McDonald’s restaurant on Smithfield Street for a disturbance
involving a firearm. The actor involved was described as a black
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* Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
J-S15019-20
male with a blue hat or blue hooded jacket. As Detective Zuccher
arrived at the restaurant he observed [Appellant] through the
front glass of the restaurant. [Appellant] was wearing a blue
jacket with the hood pulled up over his head [and] pulled so tightly
that only a small portion of his face was exposed. When first
observed, [Appellant] was walking towards the front of the store
but when he observed the police[,] he turned and walked towards
the rear of the restaurant. [Appellant went] behind two pillars and
began to peek out from behind the pillars. Detective Zuccher
testified that he approached [Appellant] and ordered him from
behind the pillars and testified:
I observed when he was walking towards me and I was
walking towards him, I could see the outline of what I
thought was a firearm, possible firearm in his waistband.
Based on the descriptions and his actions, I held onto him
and did a pat down, a quick pat down. I just ran my hand
over it, and I immediately detected a firearm.
Detective Zuccher testified that the gun was covered but that he
could see the outline of a gun which he described as a large .45
caliber handgun. The gun was loaded with four rounds [of
ammunition]. Detective Zuccher testified that he had undergone
training for the detection of firearms and had made dozens of
arrests involving firearms and that [a] waistband is a prevalent
place to place a firearm. He also described the restaurant as a
“nuisance property” and that the police receive calls on a nightly
basis for “typically narcotics and firearms related” matters.
On cross-examination Detective Zuccher acknowledged that when
he first entered the restaurant he did not observe any criminal
activity but was only responding to a disturbance call and was
conducting an investigation. The suppression motion was denied
and the testimony [from] the suppression hearing was
incorporated into the record for a nonjury trial held on June 6,
[2016]. Detective Zuccher again testified and the Commonwealth
established that [Appellant] did not have a license to carry a
concealed weapon. The Commonwealth also established that
[Appellant] had a juvenile adjudication for aggravated assault.
The Commonwealth also presented the testimony of Officer
Rachmiel Gallman who testified during a search incident to
[Appellant’s arrest, that Appellant] was found in possession of a
small amount of marijuana.
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Trial Court Opinion, 1/18/2017, at 2-4 (record citations omitted). At the
conclusion of the bench trial, the trial court found Appellant guilty of carrying
a firearm without a license, persons not to possess a firearm, and possession
of a small amount of marijuana.1 The trial court imposed a sentence of 36 to
72 months of incarceration for carrying a firearm without a license, with no
further penalty on the remaining counts.
On direct appeal, this Court affirmed Appellant’s judgment of sentence,
determining, in pertinent part:
[T]he officers corroborated a tip about an armed individual in the
McDonalds prior to the police patting [Appellant] down, searching
him and arresting him. Under a totality of the circumstances,
there was a reasonable basis for the investigatory stop and for the
officer's pat-down where they believed that [Appellant] was
armed and dangerous.
Commonwealth v. Wilson, 2017 WL 4786419, at *3 (Pa. Super. 2017)
(unpublished memorandum). As such, we affirmed the trial court’s decision
to deny suppression and relied upon the trial court’s rationale as set forth in
its opinion. Our Supreme Court denied further review. See Commonwealth
v. Wilson, 184 A.3d 941, 942 (Pa. 2018).
Appellant filed a pro se PCRA petition on April 5, 2019. The PCRA court
appointed counsel who subsequently filed a motion to withdraw and “no-merit
letter” pursuant to Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988) and
Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc). On
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1 18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 6106(a) and 6105(a) and 35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(31),
respectively.
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May 2, 2019, the PCRA court entered an order granting counsel’s motion to
withdraw. The order further granted Appellant 45 days to file a supplemental
PCRA petition or brief.2 On June 20, 2019, the PCRA court entered an order,
pursuant to Pa.R.Crim.P. 907, informing Appellant of its intent to dismiss the
PCRA petition without an evidentiary hearing. Appellant responded pro se on
June 24, 2019 and July 1, 2019. On July 17, 2019, the PCRA court entered
an order dismissing Appellant’s PCRA petition. This timely pro se appeal
resulted.3
On appeal, Appellant baldly contends that he received ineffective
assistance of counsel at trial. However, Appellant’s pro se appellate brief does
not comply with our Rules of Appellate Procedure, fails to cite Pennsylvania
legal authority pertaining to ineffective assistance of counsel claims, and,
therefore, precludes meaningful appellate review. For the reasons that follow,
we dismiss the appeal.
Initially, we note that appellate briefs must materially conform to the
requirements of the Pennsylvania Rules of Appellate Procedure and this Court
may quash or dismiss an appeal if a defect in the brief is substantial.
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2 Upon review of the certified record, Appellant did not file a pro se
supplemental PCRA petition or brief within 45 days as ordered.
3 Appellant filed a pro se notice of appeal docketed on August 8, 2019. By
order entered on August 14, 2019, the PCRA court directed Appellant to file a
concise statement of errors complained of on appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P.
1925(b). Appellant filed a pro se 1925(b) statement on August 29, 2019. The
PCRA court issued an opinion pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) on November 18,
2019.
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Commonwealth v. Adams, 882 A.2d 496, 497 (Pa. Super. 2005); Pa.R.A.P.
2101. “[A] pro se litigant must still comply with the Pennsylvania Rules of
Appellate Procedure.” Commonwealth v. Ray, 134 A.3d 1109, 1114–1115
(Pa. Super. 2016) (citation omitted). Here, Appellant does not set forth our
standard of review. See Pa.R.A.P. 2111(a)(3). He does not present the
specific issues for our consideration in a separate statement of questions
presented section in his appellate brief. See Pa.R.A.P. 2111(a)(4); Pa.R.A.P.
2114; Pa.R.A.P. 2116(a) (“No question will be considered unless it is stated in
the statement of questions involved or is fairly suggested thereby.”)
Moreover, an appellate “argument shall be divided into as many parts as there
are questions to be argued; and shall have at the head of each part--in
distinctive type or in type distinctively displayed--the particular point treated
therein[.]” Pa.R.A.P. 2119(a). Here, Appellant presents a singular,
stream-of-conscious argument challenging the trial court’s legal
determinations and generally alleging purported instances of ineffective
assistance of trial counsel.4 However, noticeably absent from Appellant’s
appellate brief is any citation or reference to Pennsylvania law pertaining to
claims of ineffective assistance of counsel. See id. (“The argument shall be
[…] followed by such discussion and citation of authorities as are deemed
pertinent.”); see also Commonwealth v. Plante, 914 A.2d 916, 924 (Pa.
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4 In his pro se reply to the Commonwealth’s brief, Appellant acknowledges
the defects in his appellate brief, but asks this Court to “interpret them as
harmless errors.” Appellant’s Reply, 3/12/2020, at 1.
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Super. 2006) (“We have repeatedly held that failure to develop an argument
with citation to, and analysis of, relevant authority waives the issue on
review.”). Because the defects in Appellant’s pro se brief are substantial, we
are precluded from conducting meaningful review, and we dismiss the appeal.5
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5 We note that in reviewing this matter, Appellant originally presented eight
issues in his pro se PCRA petition. Appointed counsel distilled those claims
and presented them in a Turner/Finley brief as such:
(1) Trial counsel failed to conduct an adequate investigation of the case
and only communicated with [Appellant] about the case about 15 to
30 minutes prior to the suppression hearing and trial;
(2) Trial counsel failed to submit exculpatory evidence (video
surveillance) at trial;
(3) Trial counsel failed to submit impeachment evidence (such as the
inmate personal property form) regarding the description of the
actor;
(4) Trial counsel failed to file pre-trial discovery motions for, and failed
to supply [Appellant] with or inform [Appellant] of, video
surveillance, the recorded telephone call of the anonymous tipster,
and whether there was a plea offer;
(5) Trial counsel failed to call a defense witness (Jeremy Carson) to
testify at trial;
(6) Direct appeal counsel failed to inform Superior Court of the
discrepancy between the suppression court's finding that the officer
asked [Appellant] to move from behind the pillar when the officer
testified he ordered [Appellant] to do so.
Turner/Finley Brief, 5/2/2019, at 7. The PCRA court examined each of these
contentions, in turn, and denied relief. The PCRA court opined that the police
independently corroborated the anonymous tip when they arrived on scene
and witnessed Appellant, who generally matched the anonymous caller’s
description, evade police by changing direction and hiding behind pillars. The
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Appeal dismissed. Jurisdiction relinquished.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 4/20/2020
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police also saw the outline of a firearm under Appellant’s clothing, tucked into
his waistband. The PCRA court determined that the police officer’s personal
observations were fatal to Appellant’s collateral claims and that the officer was
permitted to conduct a protective frisk for his safety. The PCRA court also
determined that Appellant failed to establish that there was video surveillance
footage available for discovery or that his proffered witness was available or
willing to testify. Had we not dismissed Appellant’s appeal for filing a deficient
brief, we would affirm the PCRA court’s cogent decision. Finally, we note that
Appellant baldy asserts, for the first time on appeal, that “the Commonwealth
did not prove if the firearm was [operable.]” Appellant’s Pro Se Brief at 12.
As a standalone claim, this contention could have been raised on direct appeal.
Accordingly, it is waived for purposes of collateral review. See 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 9543(a)(3) (allegation must not have been previously litigated or waived).
Moreover, even if we viewed this contention in the context of a layered
ineffective assistance of counsel claim, we may not examine the issue as it
has been raised for the first time on appeal. See Pa.R.A.P. 302(a). Thus, the
issue is waived.
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