Com. v. Wilson, R. ( 2023 )

J-S25026-23
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT OP 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
ROBERT THEODORE WILSON :
:
Appellant : No. 2876 EDA 2022
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered October 13, 2022
In the Court of Common Pleas of Delaware County
Criminal Division at CP-23-CR-0002353-1995
BEFORE: NICHOLS, J., MURRAY, J., and McCAFFERY, J.
MEMORANDUM BY MURRAY, J.: FILED AUGUST 16, 2023
Robert Theodore Wilson (Appellant) appeals pro se from the order
denying his serial petition filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act
(PCRA).1 We affirm.
On March 19, 1996, a jury convicted Appellant of first-degree murder
and criminal conspiracy relating to the shooting death of Jamar Prattis. On
April 22, 1996, the trial court sentenced Appellant to life in prison without the
possibility of parole. This Court affirmed Appellant’s judgment of sentence;
on November 25, 1997, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court denied allowance of
appeal. Commonwealth v. Wilson, 701 A.2d 785 (Pa. Super. 1997)
(unpublished memorandum), appeal denied, 704 A.2d 637 (Pa. 1997). As
____________________________________________
1 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546.
J-S25026-23
a result, Appellant’s judgment of sentence became final on February 23, 1998,
when the 90-day period to file a petition for writ of certiorari in the United
States Supreme Court expired. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(3); U.S.Sup.Ct.
Rule 13, 28 U.S.C.A. (petition for writ of certiorari is deemed timely when filed
within 90 days after denial of allocatur).
Appellant filed multiple unsuccessful PCRA petitions. On June 30, 2022,
Appellant filed the instant petition. Appellant claims he recently discovered
that his trial and sentencing counsel, Francis A. Holloran, Jr., Esquire (Attorney
Holloran), failed to file an application to withdraw his appearance before direct
appeal counsel, Patrick J. Connors, Esquire (Attorney Connors), entered his
appearance. PCRA Petition, 6/30/22, ¶¶ 5-9. Appellant avers the trial court
never released Attorney Holloran from his representation of Appellant. Id. ¶
9. According to Appellant, Attorney Connors perpetrated a “fraud upon the
[c]ourt(s) by fraudulently misrepresenting himself as [Appellant’s] attorney of
record” in court filings. Id. ¶ 23.
On October 13, 2022, following Pa.R.Crim.P. 907 notice and Appellant’s
response, the PCRA court dismissed Appellant’s petition. See PCRA Court
Order, 10/13/22. Appellant filed this timely appeal. Appellant and the PCRA
court have complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.
Appellant presents the following issues:
[A.] Did the [PCRA] court err by deciding Appellant’s claim that
his official attorney of record is presumed to have provided
ineffective assistance of counsel 1) for failing to file post-
sentencing motion(s) or direct appeal as so requested, and/or 2)
-2-
J-S25026-23
for withdrawing his appearance without either seeking leave or
being granted leave to withdraw his appearance, did not satisfy
the exceptions provided by 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545, even though
Appellant plead and proved he was unaware of this and could not
have ascertained it by due diligence?
[B.] Did the [PCRA] court err by deciding Appellant’s claim that
the attorney who filed various direct appeal filings with the courts,
(i.e., notice of appeal, certification pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 525(d),
statement of matters complained of on appeal, appellant brief,
and petition for allowance of appeal), perpetrated a fraud upon
the courts by intentionally or recklessly misrepresenting himself
as Appellant’s official attorney of record in filings with the courts,
did not satisfy the exceptions provided by 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545, even
though Appellant plead and proved he was unaware of this and
could not have ascertained it by exercising reasonable diligence?
[C.] Did the [PCRA] court err by deciding Appellant’s claim that
the trial judge and Office of the Prothonotary (or Clerk of Courts),
perpetrated a fraud upon the courts by intentionally or recklessly
disregarding Appellant’s constitutional rights (i.e., due process of
law, equal protection of the law, and effective assistance of
counsel) and disregarding the truth (relating to certain person not
to appear as counsel and their lack of authority to entertain or
docket any motion or document filed by any person prohibited
from filing such motions or documents), did not satisfy the
exceptions provided by 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545, even though Appellant
plead and proved he was unaware of this and could not have
ascertained it by exercising due diligence?
Appellant’s Brief at 4-5.
Our “standard of review of a PCRA court order is whether the
determination of the PCRA court is supported by the evidence of record and is
free of legal error.” Commonwealth v. Hipps, 274 A.3d 1263, 1266 (Pa.
Super. 2022) (citation omitted). “[O]ur scope of review is limited to the
findings of the PCRA court and the evidence of record, viewed in the light most
favorable to the prevailing party.” Commonwealth v. Howard, 285 A.3d
-3-
J-S25026-23
652, 657 (Pa. Super. 2022) (citations omitted). As to legal conclusions, we
apply a de novo standard of review. Id.Prior to addressing Appellant’s issues, we must determine whether his
petition is timely. A PCRA petition must be filed within one year of the
petitioner’s judgment of sentence becoming final. 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1).
“A judgment becomes final at the conclusion of direct review, including
discretionary review in the Supreme Court of the United States and the
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, or at the expiration of the time for seeking
the review.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(3). The timeliness of a PCRA petition is
jurisdictional. Commonwealth v. Wharton, 886 A.2d 1120, 1124 (Pa.
2005). If a PCRA petition is untimely, the court lacks jurisdiction. Id.Appellant’s PCRA petition, filed decades after his judgment of sentence
became final, is facially untimely. However, the PCRA’s one-year time
limitation may be overcome if a petitioner (1) alleges and proves one of the
three exceptions set forth in Section 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii), and (2) files a petition
raising this exception within one year of the date the claim could have been
presented. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2).
Appellant asserts the newly-discovered facts and government
interference exceptions. See id. § 9545(b)(ii)-(iii). To establish the newly
discovered facts exception, Appellant must plead and prove, by a
preponderance of the evidence, that (1) the facts upon which the claim is
predicated were unknown, and (2) these unknown facts could not have been
-4-
J-S25026-23
ascertained by the exercise of due diligence. Commonwealth v. Burton,
158 A.3d 618, 638 (Pa. 2017).
Due diligence demands that the petitioner take reasonable steps
to protect his own interests. A petitioner must explain why he
could not have learned of the new fact(s) earlier with the exercise
of due diligence.
Commonwealth v. Williams, 35 A.3d 44, 53 (Pa. Super. 2011).
Appellant first argues the PCRA court improperly concluded he failed to
plead and prove the newly-discovered facts exception to the PCRA’s time bar.
Appellant’s Brief at 11. Appellant argues he was unaware that the certified
record does not include an application to withdraw by his trial counsel,
Attorney Holloran. Id. He also asserts per se ineffective assistance of counsel
based on Attorney Holloran’s failure to file post-sentence motions and a
requested direct appeal. Id. at 12.
Appellant further argues Attorney Connors, his direct appeal counsel,
committed a fraud upon the court. Id. at 14-15; see also PCRA Petition,
6/30/21, ¶¶ 11-13, 23. Appellant claims Attorney Connors “intentionally
misrepresented himself as Appellant’s official attorney of record[.]” Id. at 16.
According to Appellant, the “officers of the court,” including the trial court and
its staff, were either victims of this “fraud” or willing participants. Id. at 20.
Our review discloses Appellant was represented by the same public
defender’s office throughout trial and on direct appeal. Because Attorneys
Holloran and Connors are from the same public defender’s office, Appellant’s
claim of a “fraud” based upon the unauthorized “change” of counsel is not
-5-
J-S25026-23
supported by the record. See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Smith, 995 A.2d
1143, 1150 (Pa. 2010) (recognizing a public defender may not argue
ineffectiveness of another attorney in the same public defender’s office, as the
subsequent attorney, “in essence, is deemed to have asserted a claim of his
or her own ineffectiveness.” (citation omitted, emphasis added)).
Further, Appellant failed to plead and prove why he could not have
known of Attorney Holloran’s failure to withdraw and Attorney Connors’s
representation during his direct appeal and the ensuing years. Review of the
docket would have disclosed Attorney Holloran’s alleged failure to file an
application to withdraw. Appellant’s failure to establish why, with the exercise
of due diligence, he could not have discovered Attorney Holloran’s omission,
defeats his claim of newly discovered facts. See Williams, 35 A.3d at 53.
To the extent Appellant claims the government interference exception,
the government interference exception permits an otherwise untimely PCRA
petition to be filed if the petitioner pleads and proves
the failure to raise the claim previously was the result of
interference by government officials with the presentation of the
claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this Commonwealth
or the Constitution or laws of the United States[.]
42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(i). In other words, Appellant is required to show
that but for the interference of a government actor, “he could not have filed
his claim earlier.” Commonwealth v. Stokes, 959 A.2d 306, 310 (Pa. 2008).
Upon review, Appellant failed to demonstrate how government
interference prevented him from discovering Attorney Holloran’s failure to file
-6-
J-S25026-23
an application to withdraw. Appellant had over 20 years to review the docket
in his case, and was aware of Attorney O’Connors’s representation during his
direct appeal. Appellant cannot overcome the PCRA’s time-bar. See Stokes,
959 A.2d at 310.
In summary, Appellant failed to establish the newly-discovered facts or
government interference exceptions to the PCRA’s time limitations.
Accordingly, the PCRA court properly dismissed Appellant’s petition.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 8/16/2023
-7-