Com. v. Martin, O. ( 2023 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
ORLANDO MARTIN :
:
Appellant : No. 3088 EDA 2022
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered November 8, 2022
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0001097-2015
BEFORE: STABILE, J., KUNSELMAN, J., and McLAUGHLIN, J.
MEMORANDUM BY McLAUGHLIN, J.: FILED NOVEMBER 3, 2023
Orlando Martin appeals from the judgment of sentence entered following
the revocation of his probation. Martin challenges the discretionary aspects of
his sentence. We affirm.
Martin pleaded guilty in September 2015 to one count of burglary –
overnight accommodation, no person present.1 The court sentenced him to a
term of two to four years in prison followed by five years of probation. After
Martin had begun serving his probationary sentence, in March 2022, the court
found him in direct violation and revoked his probation. A presentence
investigative (“PSI”) report was ordered and completed. After a hearing on
November 8, 2022, the court imposed a new sentence of three to six years’
incarceration, to run consecutively to any sentence he was currently serving.
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1 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 3502(a)(2).
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Martin filed a motion to reconsider his sentence. Before the court ruled on the
motion, Martin filed a timely notice of appeal.
Martin raises the following issue for our review:
Whether the lower court determination and Order of November 8,
2022 revoking [Martin’s] probation for violating its terms and
resentencing him to a 3-to-6-year state sentence was an abuse of
discretion where it failed to properly consider all of the sentencing
factors of 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9721(b) and/or any mitigating evidence
when it imposed the VOP sentence?
Martin’s Br. at 6 (footnote omitted).
Martin challenges the discretionary aspects of his sentence. See id. at
6 n.1. “The right to appellate review of the discretionary aspects of a sentence
is not absolute, and must be considered a petition for permission to appeal.”
Commonwealth v. Conte, 198 A.3d 1169, 1173 (Pa.Super. 2018). Before
reviewing the merits of Martin’s claim, we must determine whether: “(1) the
appeal is timely; (2) the appellant has preserved his issue; (3) his brief
includes a concise statement of the reasons relied upon for allowance of an
appeal with respect to the discretionary aspects of his sentence; and (4) the
concise statement raises a substantial question whether the sentence is
inappropriate under the Sentencing Code.” Commonwealth v. Green, 204
A.3d 469, 488 (Pa.Super. 2019); see also Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f) (stating that an
appellant who challenges the discretionary aspects of a sentence “shall set
forth in a separate section of the brief a concise statement of the reasons
relied upon for allowance of appeal with respect to the discretionary aspects
of a sentence”).
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Here, Martin timely appealed and preserved his challenge in a post-
sentence motion. Although Martin failed to include a separate Rule 2119(f)
statement in his brief, he set forth his Rule 2119(f) statement in the argument
section of his brief. See Martin’s Br. at 11-12. The Commonwealth has not
objected so we proceed to determine whether Martin has raised a substantial
question.2
A substantial question exists when the appellant makes a colorable
argument that the sentencing judge’s actions were either inconsistent with a
specific provision of the Sentencing Code or contrary to the fundamental
norms underlying the sentencing process. Commonwealth v. Moury, 992
A.2d 162, 170 (Pa.Super. 2010). Martin claims the court abused its discretion
when it imposed an excessive sentence for a technical probation violation and
failed to consider the relevant sentencing factors, particularly Martin’s
rehabilitative needs. Martin’s Br. at 11-12. This presents a substantial
question. See Commonwealth v. Colon, 102 A.3d 1033, 1043 (Pa.Super.
2014) (stating that the imposition of a sentence of total confinement following
the revocation of probation based solely on a technical violation raises a
substantial question); Commonwealth v. White, 193 A.3d 977, 983
(Pa.Super. 2018) (recognizing substantial question where appellant claims
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2 See Commonwealth v. Kiesel, 854 A.2d 530, 533 (Pa.Super. 2004)
(stating that “when the appellant has not included a Rule 2119(f) statement
and the appellee has not objected, this Court may ignore the omission and
determine if there is a substantial question that the sentence imposed was not
appropriate, or enforce the requirements of Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f) sua sponte, i.e.,
deny allowance of appeal”).
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sentence is excessive and the sentencing court disregarded appellant’s
rehabilitation needs). We therefore proceed to review the merits of Martin’s
claim.
Martin argues the court abused its discretion because it failed to
consider the sentencing factors pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9721(b) and
9725, and the sentencing alternatives under 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9771(b) and (c),
when it sentenced Martin to three to six years’ incarceration for his violation
of probation. Martin’s Br. at 8-9. He further contends that his term of
incarceration was excessive because it was not necessary to vindicate the
court’s authority and the court failed to properly consider Martin’s
rehabilitative needs. Id. at 12.
“Revocation of a probation sentence is a matter committed to the sound
discretion of the trial court, and that court’s decision will not be disturbed on
appeal in the absence of an error of law or an abuse of discretion.”
Commonwealth v. Parson, 259 A.3d 1012, 1019 (Pa.Super. 2021). If a
revocation sentence is within the statutory limits and “was adequately
considered and sufficiently explained on the record by the revocation judge,
in light of the judge’s experience with the defendant and awareness of the
circumstances of the probation violation,” then that sentence “is peculiarly
within the judge’s discretion.” Commonwealth v. Pasture, 107 A.3d 21, 28-
29 (Pa. 2014). Upon revocation of probation, “the sentencing alternatives
available to the court shall be the same as were available at the time of initial
sentencing[.]” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9771(b).
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The court may impose a sentence of total confinement if it finds that
“(1) the defendant has been convicted of another crime; or (2) the conduct of
the defendant indicates that it is likely that he will commit another crime if he
is not imprisoned; or (3) such a sentence is essential to vindicate the authority
of the court.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9771(c). Where the court has the benefit of a
PSI report, we presume the court was aware of all appropriate sentencing
factors and considerations and consider the requirement that the court place
its reasoning on the record to be satisfied. Commonwealth v. Johnson-
Daniels, 167 A.3d 17, 26 (Pa.Super. 2017).
Here, Martin’s conclusory argument that the court failed to consider all
relevant sentencing factors, including his rehabilitative needs, is belied by the
record. At his violation of probation hearing, the court stated:
Let the record reflect I have reviewed the guidelines. I have
reviewed [Martin’s] criminal history. I reviewed the presentence
investigative reports, which also highlight the following: Mr.
Martin has been arrested as an adult 21 times, convicted 14 times,
committed 20 times, has had 12 violations thus far resulting in 11
revocations; and that’s not counting what happened with the last
three cases.
Mr. Martin[’s] social history reflects and reports that there [were]
some difficulties in his upbringing. He described his family
dynamics as dysfunctional and he denied being physically abused
or neglected. The family was never investigated by the
Department of Human Services.
He noted that the passing of his grandparents in 2000 affected
him very severely. He noted that beginning at the age of 16 he
began spending time with the wrong crowd, selling and using elicit
narcotics.
He reflected that or reported that he attended high school in
Puerto Rico and earned his high school diploma. He did go to trade
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school, but he was unsure if he had a certificate. He reported self-
employment in the form of being a tattoo artist.
And as noted in the mental health history at one point he was
diagnosed with being -- having bipolar, schizophrenia, and
depression.
His history of substance abuse, according to him, began at the
age 16 with the initial use of marijuana. Progressed to heroin
using three bundles a day, spending, approximately, $200 a day.
Reported that the last time he had consumed those substances
was prior to incarceration.
He was cooperative during the mental health and the presentence
investigations.
There was a question mark in addition to his criminal history as to
what happened with the three additional arrests in Puerto Rico for
which the dispositions are unknown.
[Martin’s] overall supervision has been reported by the
Department to be poor and he’s failed to comply with rules and
regulations. It is recommended that when back out on the street,
that his supervision include frequent urine testing to deter any
substance abuse and referrals to treatment. And is also
recommended vocational training as well as [ongoing] home visits
and regular checks for drugs and/or weapons during the condition
of his supervision.
This [c]ourt has reviewed the nature of his other cases, as well as
reviewed, again, the underlying matter. I will review first the
required conditions of this sentence.
N.T. VOP Hearing, 11/8/22, at 18-20 (emphasis removed).
Thus, it is evident that the court considered the appropriate factors,
including Martin’s repeated criminal conduct and violations of probation. In
addition, the court had the benefit of a PSI report. We therefore presume the
court weighed all relevant factors, including Martin’s rehabilitative needs.
Johnson-Daniels, 167 A.3d at 26. Accordingly, the record supports the
court’s finding of a likelihood of reoffending and that a sentence of
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imprisonment was necessary to vindicate the authority of the court. Thus, we
discern no abuse of discretion.
Judgment of sentence affirmed.
Date: 11/03/2023
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