Com. v. Betancourth, C. ( 2023 )

J-S07022-23
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
CHRISTOPHER BETANCOURTH :
:
Appellant : No. 1997 EDA 2022
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered September 13, 2017,
in the Court of Common Pleas of Lehigh County,
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-39-CR-0004143-2016,
CP-39-CR-0004144-2016, CP-39-CR-0004145-2016,
CP-39-CR-0004272-2016.
BEFORE: DUBOW, J., KUNSELMAN, J., and KING, J.
MEMORANDUM BY KUNSELMAN, J.: FILED NOVEMBER 14, 2023
Christopher Betancourth appeals from the judgment of sentence
imposed after he pled guilty to several offenses, including two robberies at
gun point. Additionally, Betancourth’s counsel asked to withdraw
representation and filed a brief pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 U.S.
738 (1967). Upon review, we grant counsel’s petition, and affirm the
judgment of sentence.
The trial court summarized the facts as follows:
[O]n May 25, 2016, [Betancourth] sold two gold necklaces at
Pawn Plus, located at 636 N. 7th Street, Allentown, Lehigh County,
Pennsylvania. The necklaces were linked back to a burglary from
earlier the same day. Pawn Plus employees identified
[Betancourth] as the person who pawned the necklaces.
[O]n August 6, 2016, [Betancourth] entered the Chez Elle di
Bellanza Hair Salon, located at 45 S. Jefferson Street, Allentown,
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Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, wearing a hooded sweatshirt and a
mask. Once inside, Defendant pointed a gun at victims who
worked there and demanded money. The employees gave him
money from the cash register. He also took a purse. In total,
$900.00 was stolen during this incident. [Betancourth]
subsequently gave a Mirandized statement confessing to this
robbery.
On August 11, 2016, [Betancourth] entered the Tiffany Nail Salon
located at 554 Hanover Avenue in Allentown, Lehigh County,
Pennsylvania. According to employees, [Betancourth] entered,
pointed a gun at them, and took money from the register totaling
$220.00.
Trial Court Opinion, 9/1/22, at 2-3.
Betancourth was arrested on August 17, 2016, based in part on the May
25, 2016, incident where Betancourth pawned stolen jewelry. The police
found a Glock 9mm semi-automatic handgun on the floor of the vehicle he
had been driving. Betancourth was a person prohibited from possessing a
firearm and did not have a license to carry. He was charged with multiple
offenses.
On July 26, 2017, Betancourth pled guilty in four separate cases to
persons not to possess a firearm, robbery (two cases), and receiving stolen
property.1 On September 13, 2017, the trial court sentenced Betancourth to
an aggregate term of 6 1/2 to 14 years’ incarceration. Betancourth did not
file a post-sentence motion or an appeal at that time.
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1 18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 6105(a)(1), 3701(a)(1)(ii), and 3925(a).
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Ten months later, on July 12, 2018, Betancourth filed a timely Post
Conviction Relief Act2 petition. The court appointed counsel, who filed a
motion to withdraw as counsel pursuant to a Turner/Finley3 “no merit”
letter, which was granted. Subsequently, the PCRA court held a hearing on
the merits of Betancourth’s petition without him being represented. On
November 21, 2018, the court denied his petition.
On December 7, 2018, Betancourth filed a pro se “motion to
rescind/vacate the court’s order and appoint counsel, reinstate his post-
sentence/direct appeal rights, and withdraw his guilty plea due to
ineffectiveness of counsel.”4 On December 11, 2018, the trial court denied
this motion. That same day, Betancourth appealed the court’s order denying
him PCRA relief.
On appeal, this Court reversed. The PCRA court erred when it held an
evidentiary hearing on the merits of Betancourth’s petition without appointing
counsel to represent him or determining whether he waived that right and
wanted to proceed pro se. Consequently, we remanded for the court to do
so.
____________________________________________
2 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546.
3 Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988), and
Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc).
4 This motion was noted on the docket as a “post-sentence motion.”
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Upon remand, counsel was appointed and filed an amended petition.
Following the second PCRA hearing, the court granted Betancourth relief and
reinstated his direct appeal rights.
Betancourth filed this timely appeal.5 Counsel filed an Anders brief and
a request to withdraw as counsel. Upon review, however, we determined that
counsel did not comply with the procedural requirements for withdrawing.
Consequently, we denied counsel’s initial request to withdraw and remanded
with instructions for counsel to comply with the rules to ensure Betancourth
had notice of his rights.
Thereafter, counsel renewed his request with this Court to withdraw as
counsel and refiled an Anders brief. Betancourth did not retain independent
counsel or file a pro se response to the Anders brief.
When presented with an Anders brief, this Court may not review the
merits of the underlying issues without first passing on the request to
withdraw. See Commonwealth v. Garang, 9 A.3d 237, 240 (Pa. Super.
____________________________________________
5 Contrary to the express language of newly amended Pa.R.A.P. 902,
Betancourth did not file a separate notice of appeal “in each docket in which
the order has been entered.” Rule 902(a). Because this defect does not affect
the validity of this appeal, we have the discretion to take whatever action we
deem appropriate, including “a remand of the matter to the trial court so that
the omitted procedural step may be taken.” Id. We choose to overlook this
procedural defect.
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2010). Pursuant to Anders, when counsel believes an appeal is frivolous and
wishes to withdraw from representation, counsel must do the following:
(1) petition the court for leave to withdraw stating that after
making a conscientious examination of the record, counsel has
determined the appeal would be frivolous; (2) file a brief referring
to any issues that might arguably support the appeal, but which
does not resemble a no-merit letter; and (3) furnish a copy of the
brief to the defendant and advise him of his right to retain new
counsel, proceed pro se, or raise any additional points [the
defendant] deems worthy of this Court's attention.
Commonwealth v. Edwards, 906 A.2d 1225, 1227 (Pa. Super. 2006)
(citation omitted). In Commonwealth v. Santiago, 978 A.2d 349 (Pa.
2009), our Supreme Court addressed the second requirement of Anders, i.e.,
the contents of an Anders brief, and required that the brief:
(1) provide a summary of the procedural history and facts, with
citations to the record;
(2) refer to anything in the record that counsel believes arguably
supports the appeal;
(3) set forth counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is frivolous; and
(4) state counsel’s reasons for concluding that the appeal is
frivolous. Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of record,
controlling case law, and/or statutes on point that have led to the
conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.
Santiago, 978 A.2d at 361. Once counsel has satisfied the Anders
requirements, it is then this Court’s responsibility “to conduct a simple review
of the record to ascertain if there appear on its face to be arguably meritorious
issues that counsel, intentionally or not, missed or misstated.”
Commonwealth v. Dempster, 187 A.3d 266, 272 (Pa. Super. 2018).
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This time, counsel filed a petition to withdraw representation with this
Court, separate from his brief, in which he indicates that he reviewed the
record and concluded that Betancourth’s appeal is frivolous. Further, counsel
filed a new Anders brief which indicates that a copy of it was sent to
Betancourth. The brief substantially comports with the requirements set forth
by our Supreme Court in Santiago. However, the record does not include a
copy of a new letter, if any, informing Betancourth that counsel intends to
seek permission to withdraw and that Betancourth may raise additional claims,
which counsel omitted from his prior letter.
Nevertheless, we decline to remand the matter again for counsel to
correct this deficiency when it would serve no purpose other than to delay
resolution of this appeal and waste judicial resources. See e.g. In re
Adoption of V.G., 751 A.2d 1174, 1178 (Pa. Super. 2000). Because
Betancourth’s issue is patently frivolous, this matter presents a rare instance
where we decline to remand for a more accurate explanation of his rights. As
such, we will analyze the sole issue raised and conduct our independent review
to determine whether Betancourth’s appeal is wholly frivolous.
In the Anders brief, counsel sets forth one issue that Betancourth
wishes to raise: Whether Betancourth should be permitted to withdraw his
guilty plea. Anders Brief at 10.
“A defendant wishing to challenge the voluntariness of a guilty plea on
direct appeal must either object during the plea colloquy or file a motion to
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withdraw the plea within ten days of sentencing.” Commonwealth v.
Lincoln, 72 A.3d 606, 609-610 (Pa. Super. 2013); Pa.R.Crim.P. 720. Failing
to do so generally results in the waiver of the issue on appeal. Lincoln, 72
A.3d at 610.
Upon review of the record, we observe that Betancourth failed to do
either. Although Betancourth indicated at his initial sentencing hearing that
he was contemplating withdrawing his guilty plea, no motion was made to
withdraw it. N.T., 9/11/17, at 2, 3. Ultimately, Betancourth decided to accept
his plea, and the court sentenced him. N.T., 9/13/17, at 2. Afterwards,
Betancourth did not file a post-sentence motion. As such, Betancourth failed
to preserve his ability to challenge the validity of his guilty plea.
Unless Betancourth raised this issue in his original PCRA and his post-
sentence rights were reinstated, this issue is waived. Further review of the
record reveals, however, they were not. In both of his PCRA petitions,
Betancourth only requested reinstatement of his direct appeal rights and not
reinstatement of his post-sentence rights. Betancourth’s issue, therefore, is
waived.6
____________________________________________
6 Although Betancourt filed a document titled “post-sentence motion” on the
docket in 2018, this was not a proper motion under Pennsylvania Rule of
Criminal Procedure 720. Thus, Betancourth’s request therein that his post-
sentence motion rights be reinstated, was procedurally improper and not
considered at that time.
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Because it is waived, the issue is frivolous under Anders. See
Commonwealth v. Tukhi, 149 A.3d 881, 888–89 (Pa. Super. 2016); see
also Commonwealth v. Kalichak, 943 A.2d 285, 291 (Pa. Super. 2008)
(“Having been waived, pursuing this matter on direct appeal is frivolous.”).
However, even if Betancourth’s issue was not waived, we still would
conclude that it is frivolous. To be valid, a guilty plea must be voluntary,
knowing, and intelligent. Commonwealth v. Persinger, 615 A.2d 1305 (Pa.
1992). There are six relevant areas of inquiry which, at a minimum, must be
addressed at a guilty plea colloquy. These areas are as follows:
(1) Does the defendant understand the nature of the charges to
which he or she is pleading guilty or nolo contendere?
(2) Is there a factual basis for the plea?
(3) Does the defendant understand that he or she has the right to
trial by jury?
(4) Does the defendant understand that he or she is presumed
innocent until found guilty?
(5) Is the defendant aware of the permissible range of sentences
and/or fines for the offenses charged?
(6) Is the defendant aware that the judge is not bound by the
terms of any plea agreement tendered unless the judge accepts
such agreement?
Pa.R.Crim.P. 590. A reviewing court evaluates the adequacy of the plea
colloquy and the voluntariness of the resulting plea by examining the totality
of the circumstances surrounding the entry of that plea. Commonwealth v.
Muhammad, 794 A.2d 378 (Pa. Super. 2002).
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Here, the plea hearing record indicates that, originally, Betancourth
intended to reject the Commonwealth’s plea offer. However, he unexpectedly
changed his mind and indicated he wanted to accept the offer. N.T., 7/26/17,
at 2, 7. Thereafter, the trial court addressed the six required areas through
oral colloquy of Betancourth. He did not hesitate at any time when he
responded to any of the questions. Id. 9-11. Additionally, Betancourth signed
the written colloquies. Id. at 14.
Additionally, as the trial court noted at the plea hearing, the
Commonwealth’s offer was very good. The Commonwealth agreed to cap the
minimum sentence at the top of the standard range, which was 78 months or
6.5 years, a substantial reduction from its previous offer of 10 years. Id. at
6. The court also observed that the plea was generous given that consecutive
sentences totaling at least 20 years could be imposed if Betancourth went to
trial. However, the Commonwealth agreed to concurrent sentences which
resulted in a significantly lesser aggregate sentence. Id. at 6-7.
Furthermore, at sentencing, Betancourth initially indicated that he
wanted to withdraw his plea. He was given extra time to consider his options
and decided to proceed. See N.T., 9/11/17, at 2, 3; N.T., 9/13/17, at 2.
Given the totality of the circumstances surrounding this, if Betancourth had
preserved this issue, we would conclude that his plea was valid under Criminal
Rule 590.
Based upon the foregoing, we conclude that Betancourth’s sole claim on
appeal is frivolous. Further, in accordance with Dempster, we have
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independently reviewed the certified record to determine if there are any non-
frivolous issues that counsel may have overlooked. Having found none, we
agree that the appeal is wholly frivolous. Consequently, we grant counsel’s
petition to withdraw and affirm the judgment of sentence.
Petition to withdraw granted. Judgment of sentence affirmed.
Date: 11/14/2023
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