State of Tennessee v. Calvin Watkins ( 2017 )

12/06/2017
IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT JACKSON
Assigned on Briefs September 7, 2017
STATE OF TENNESSEE v. CALVIN WATKINS
Appeal from the Criminal Court for Shelby County
No. 13-03425 Lee V. Coffee, Judge
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No. W2016-01808-CCA-R3-CD
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The pro se defendant, Calvin Watkins, appeals the revocation of his judicial diversion by
the Shelby County Criminal Court. The defendant argues the trial court improperly
revoked his diversion based upon an unindicted arrest. After our review, we affirm the
trial court’s revocation pursuant to Rule 20 of the Rules of the Court of Criminal
Appeals.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Criminal Court Affirmed
Pursuant to Rule 20 of the Rules of the Court of Criminal Appeals
J. ROSS DYER, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which THOMAS T. WOODALL, P.J.,
and NORMA MCGEE OGLE, J., joined.
Calvin Watkins, Munford, Tennessee, Pro Se.
Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; David H. Findley, Assistant
Attorney General; Amy P. Weirich, District Attorney General; and Alanda Dwyer,
Assistant District Attorney, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
On March 27, 2014, the defendant pled guilty to aggravated assault and theft of
property over $500. Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 39-13-102; 39-14-103. The trial court
sentenced the defendant to concurrent terms of two and three years’ probation for his
theft and aggravated assault convictions, respectively. The trial court suspended the
defendant’s sentence and placed him on judicial diversion. In doing so, the defendant
agreed to “obey the [l]aws of the United States or any State” and report “all arrests” to his
probation officer. Further, the trial court imposed several special conditions of diversion,
requiring the defendant to maintain employment or attend school, submit to random drug
screens, and complete 50 hours of community service.
On April 21, 2015, the State filed a petition to terminate the defendant’s judicial
diversion, citing three violations. First, the State asserted the defendant violated
diversion after being arrested on January 7, 2015, for stalking. Second, the defendant
violated diversion by failing to report the stalking arrest to his probation officer. Finally,
the State claimed the defendant failed to comply with the special conditions of his
diversion, thus violating the same. The trial court terminated the defendant’s diversion
by order on March 10, 2016, and subsequently imposed an effective five-year suspended
sentence of supervised probation for his convictions.
On August 23, 2016, the defendant filed a pro se notice of appeal alleging the trial
court erred in revoking his diversion because the January 7, 2015 arrest was dismissed
prior to indictment. In response, the State argues the defendant has waived his appellate
arguments as he has failed to provide a complete record for our review. The State further
argues revocation was warranted because in addition to the stalking arrest, the defendant
also failed to report the arrest to his probation officer and violated the special conditions
of his diversion. Upon our review of the record, we agree with the State.
Initially, we agree with the State’s assessment of the record before us, it is
incomplete.1 “It is the duty of the appellant to prepare a record that conveys a fair,
accurate, and complete account of what transpired in the trial court with respect to the
issues that form the basis of the appeal.” State v. Robinson, 73 S.W.3d 136, 154 (Tenn.
Crim. App. 2001) (citing Tenn. R. App. P. 24(b); State v. Miller, 737 S.W.2d 556, 558
(Tenn. Crim. App. 1987); State v. Rhoden, 739 S.W.2d 6 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1987)).
“Generally, this court is precluded from addressing an issue on appeal when the record
fails to include relevant documents.” Id. (citing Tenn. R. App. P. 24; State v.
Bennett, 798 S.W.2d 783 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1990)). By failing to include transcripts of
the defendant’s guilty plea, sentencing, or revocation hearings, the defendant has failed to
provide an adequate record for our review. As such, the defendant has waived his
arguments on appeal.
However, despite the waiver, the defendant still is not entitled to relief. Judicial
diversion is a statutorily prescribed alternative to sentencing available to certain criminal
defendants “who have entered a guilty or nolo contendere plea or have been found guilty
1
Upon motion of the defendant at oral argument on February 7, 2017, this Court granted
him forty-five days within which to supplement the record with the transcript of the trial court
proceedings in this matter. On March 24, 2017, the defendant filed another motion for extension
of time to file the transcripts. This Court granted the defendant’s motion on April 17, 2017,
allowing him until May 5, 2017 to supplement the record. In the April 17, 2017 order, we noted
no further extensions would be granted. The defendant failed to supplement the record by May
5, 2017.
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of an offense without the entry of a judgment of guilt.” State v. King, 432 S.W.3d 316,
323 (Tenn. 2014). A trial court has statutory authority to revoke a suspended sentence
upon finding that the defendant violated the conditions of the sentence by a
preponderance of the evidence. Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 40-35-310, -311; see State v. Clyde
Turner, No. M2012-02405-CCA-R3-CD, 2013 WL 5436718, at *2 (Tenn. Crim. App.
Sept. 27, 2013). If it is alleged that a defendant on judicial diversion has violated the
terms and conditions of diversionary probation, the trial court should follow the same
procedures as those used for ordinary probation revocations. State v. Johnson, 15 S.W.3d
515, 519 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1999); Alder v. State, 108 S.W.3d 263, 266 (Tenn. Crim.
App. 2002). To overturn the trial court’s revocation, the defendant must show the trial
court abused its discretion. State v. Shaffer, 45 S.W.3d 553, 554 (Tenn. 2001). “In order
to find such an abuse, there must be no substantial evidence to support the conclusion of
the trial court that a violation of the conditions of probation has occurred.” Id. (citing
State v. Harkins, 811 S.W.2d 79, 82 (Tenn. 1991)).
Here, the record supports the trial court’s decision to revoke diversion and impose
a five-year sentence of supervised probation. On March 27, 2014, the defendant pled
guilty to aggravated assault and theft of property over $500 and began serving an
effective three-year suspended sentence on diversion. The terms of the defendant’s
diversion specifically required him to comply with all state and federal laws, report any
new arrests, maintain employment or school, comply with random drug tests, and
complete 50 hours of community service. In the State’s revocation petition, it asserts the
defendant violated three conditions of probation in that he was arrested on January 7,
2015 for stalking, he failed to report the January 7, 2015 arrest to his probation officer,
and he failed to comply with the special conditions of probation. As noted above, the fact
that the record is incomplete “requires us to presume that had all of the evidence
considered by the trial court been included in the record on appeal, it would have
supported the imposition of [the trial court’s sentence].” State v. Keen, 996 S.W.2d 842,
844 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1999) (citing State v. Oody, 823 S.W.2d 554, 559 (Tenn. Crim.
App. 1991) (“stating that when necessary parts of the record are missing on appeal, this
Court must presume that the trial court’s decision was correct”); State v. Caudle, 388
S.W.3d 273, 279 (Tenn. 2012) (citing Oody, 823 S.W.2d at 559) (explaining if this Court
determines that the record is sufficient for meaningful review, this Court “may review the
merits of the sentencing decision with a presumption that the missing transcript would
support the ruling of the trial court”). Absent evidence to the contrary, we presume the
trial court acted within its discretion in finding the defendant violated the terms of his
diversion and ordering the defendant to serve a suspended sentence of five years of
supervised probation. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-310; Keen, 996 S.W.2d at 844; Caudle,
388 S.W.3d at 279. Accordingly, the defendant is not entitled to relief.
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Procedurally, we also note, the defendant’s brief contains no argument addressing
the trial court’s reliance on the State’s allegations that he also violated diversion by
failing to report the stalking arrest to his probation officer and failing to comply with the
special conditions of diversion. As a result, the defendant has waived review of the trial
court’s revocation based upon these violations. Tenn. R. App. P. 27(a)(7)(A) (requiring
an argument to set forth: “the contentions of the appellant with respect to the issues
presented, and the reasons therefor, including the reasons why the contentions require
appellate relief, with citations to the authorities and appropriate references to the record .
. . relied on”). Further, as noted by the State, the defendant’s failure to report his stalking
arrest alone is sufficient to justify the trial court’s diversion revocation. See State v. Jeret
Tyrone Phillips, No. E2001-00987-CCA-R3-CD, 2002 WL 256736, at *5 (Tenn. Crim.
App. Feb. 22, 2002). Again, the defendant is not entitled to relief.
When an opinion would have no precedential value, the Court of Criminal
Appeals may affirm the judgment or action of the trial court by memorandum opinion
when the judgment is rendered or the action taken in a proceeding without a jury and
such judgment or action is not a determination of guilt, and the evidence does not
preponderate against the finding of the trial judge. See Tenn. Ct. Crim. App. R. 20. We
conclude that this case satisfies the criteria of Rule 20. Accordingly, the judgment of the
trial court is affirmed in accordance with Rule 20, Rules of the Court of Criminal
Appeals.
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J. ROSS DYER, JUDGE
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