State of Tennessee v. Jeremy Jones Davis ( 2014 )

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT NASHVILLE
Assigned on Briefs July 23, 2014 at Knoxville
STATE OF TENNESSEE v. JEREMY JONES DAVIS
Direct Appeal from the Criminal Court for M arshall County
No. 2013-CR-52, Lee Russell, Judge
No. M2013-02668-CCA-R3-CD - Filed August 12, 2014
The defendant appeals a jury verdict of guilty of aggravated burglary and theft, alleging the
evidence was insufficient as a matter of law. The defendant also alleges the trial court
imposed an excessive sentence. Finding no error, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Criminal Court Affirmed
J OE H. W ALKER, III, Sp.J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which J AMES C URWOOD
W ITT, JR., J., and ROBERT WEDEMEYER, J., joined.
Michael J. Collins, Asst. Public Defender, Shelbyville, TN, for the Appellant, Jeremy Jones
Davis.
Robert Cooper, Attorney General and Reporter; Sophia S. Lee, Assistant Attorney General
Criminal Justice Division, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.
OPINION
The defendant was found guilty by jury of aggravated burglary and theft. The trial
court sentenced the defendant as a Range I Standard Offender to six years for the C felony
of aggravated burglary, and four years for the D felony theft conviction, to run consecutive
for an effective sentence of ten years.
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The defendant appeals both the conviction and sentence, alleging that there is
insufficient evidence as a matter of law for the aggravated burglary and theft convictions,
and the sentence is excessive.
EVIDENCE AT TRIAL
Marty Dean testified that he and his wife left home about 2:30 in the afternoon to
attend the wake of their thirty-five year old daughter who had died of cancer. They returned
home about 10:00 pm with relatives to discover their house had been broken into, and
numerous items stolen. He discovered all his guns and knives had been stolen. Included
was a family heirloom shotgun that had been in his family for a hundred years or more, and
other shotguns, rifles and pistols. His knife collection included several pocket knives that
had been given to him for Father’s Day and birthdays by his children. All his wife’s jewelry
had been stolen; and the laptop computer and iPad were missing. The iPad and laptop were
recovered; as were three knives and a small amount of jewelry. He estimated the value of
his lost property to be in excess of twenty-five thousand dollars.
The house had been entered by prying a door open. The wake was public knowledge
and there were many people there, including all of his family. He testified he did not know
the defendant, and did not give him permission to enter his house.
Brenda Dean testified that when they returned from the wake she discovered all her
jewelry had been stolen. She detailed the jewelry, to include four diamond rings, diamond
earrings, other rings, pearls, necklaces, gold items, and some costume jewelry. Some of the
jewelry had been her mother’s. She estimated the value of the missing jewelry to be in
excess of twenty thousand dollars.
Timothy Pringle testified that he knew the Deans and attended the wake. A couple of
days later the defendant came to his house and requested if he could help take some
information off an iPad and put it to “factory reset.” The defendant offered a laptop to him
if he would reset the iPad. When he turned the iPad on to begin the reset, he saw a photo of
Heather Dean, whose wake he had attended. He questioned the defendant, who told him he
participated in the aggravated burglary of a house that was supposed to be an “easy score,”
during a wake. The defendant was to be the look-out while two others went into the house
to get guns and jewelry. The defendant stated he went in the house and got what he could
for himself, to include the iPad and laptop.
After the defendant left his house, Mr. Pringle called Mitchell Dean, brother of
deceased Heather Dean. Mitchell came to his house, and Pringle showed him the laptop and
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told him what he had been told by the defendant. Mr. Pringle had activated the security
feature on the iPad so it could be tracked to its location. Mr. Pringle reported to the police
what he knew and that he was trying to get the iPad back on his own.
Clyde Ragsdale testified that he works for the Lewisburg City Police Department.
His department was investigating the aggravated burglary of the Dean residence. He was
with other officers who executed a search warrant on the defendant’s residence. He patted
the defendant down and found a knife in one of his pockets, which was later identified as a
knife stolen from the Dean residence.
James Johnson testified he is a detective with the Lewisburg Police Department and
executed a search warrant on the defendant at his residence. He found an iPad with the
same serial number as reported stolen from the Dean residence.
The defendant did not submit any proof to the jury.
SENTENCING HEARING
The defendant was found guilty of a C felony of aggravated burglary, and a D felony
of theft.
The defendant had a prior felony conviction for aggravated burglary, and seven
misdemeanor convictions. He was on probation seven times in the past, and had been
revoked twice. He had been tried on community corrections and was revoked.
The trial court found enhancing factor number one applied, that the defendant had a
previous history of criminal convictions in addition to those necessary to establish the
appropriate range of punishment; enhancing factor number three applied, that there were
two victims; enhancing factor number eight applied, that the defendant failed to comply with
the conditions of release on three occasions. The trial court found that enhancing factors
outweighed mitigating factors and sentenced the defendant to six years for the C felony and
four years for the D felony.
The trial court found that the defendant had an extensive criminal record and
sentenced the defendant to consecutive sentences, for an effective ten year sentence.
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ANALYSIS
I. Sufficiency
The standard for appellate review when a criminal defendant challenges the
sufficiency of the evidence is "whether, considering the evidence in a light most favorable to
the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the
crime beyond a reasonable doubt." State v. Reid, 91 S.W.3d 247, 276 (Tenn. 2002); see also
Tenn. R. App. P. 13(e) ("Findings of guilt in criminal actions . . . shall be set aside if the
evidence is insufficient to support the findings by the trier of fact of guilt beyond a
reasonable doubt.").
The trier of fact, not this court, resolves questions concerning the credibility of
witnesses, the weight and value to be given the evidence as well as all factual issues raised
by the evidence. State v. Elkins, 102 S.W.3d 578, 581 (Tenn. 2003). This court may not
re-weigh the evidence nor substitute its own inferences for those drawn by the jury. State v.
Evans, 108 S.W.3d 231, 236 (Tenn. 2003). On appeal, the State is entitled to the strongest
legitimate view of the evidence and all reasonable inferences which may be drawn
therefrom. State v. Dorantes, 331 S.W.3d 370, 379 (Tenn. 2011). A verdict of guilty
removes the presumption of innocence and replaces it with a presumption of guilt, placing
the burden on the accused to demonstrate why the evidence is insufficient to support the
verdict returned by the trier of fact. State v. Tuggle, 639 S.W.2d 913, 914 (Tenn. 1982).
Aggravated burglary is a burglary of "a habitation." Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-14-403(a).
In order to sustain a conviction for aggravated burglary, the State need only prove that a
defendant entered a habitation "with intent to commit a felony, theft." Tenn. Code Ann. §
39-14-403.
A person commits a "theft" when, with intent to deprive the owner of property, the
person knowingly obtains or exercises control over the property without the owner's
effective consent, Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-14-103(a) (2010 & Supp. 2013).
The facts in this case show that the defendant admitted he entered the victim’s home
to get what he could for himself, to include an iPad and a laptop. He was found in
possession of the victim’s stolen iPad, and a stolen knife that belonged to the victim.
There was ample proof from which the jury could find that defendant intended to
deprive the owner of the property. He traded the victim’s stolen laptop for computer
services of cleaning the iPad of the victim’s information. He kept the iPad for his personal
use, and had a stolen knife that belonged to the victim in his pocket.
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The court finds that considering the evidence in a light most favorable to the
prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime of
aggravated burglary and theft beyond a reasonable doubt.
The defendant has failed in his burden to demonstrate why the evidence is
insufficient to support the verdict returned by the jury.
II. Excessive sentence.
The only sentencing issue addressed by the defendant is the length of the sentence.
The defendant argues that “a sentence of ten years was not appropriate” under the facts as
stated in the record; and that the “facts of this case do not justify this sort of sentence.”
The 2005 amendments to the sentencing act "served to increase the discretionary
authority of trial courts in sentencing." State v. Bise, 380 S.W.3d 682, 708 (Tenn. 2012). In
light of this broader discretion, "sentences should be upheld so long as the statutory
purposes and principles, along with any applicable enhancement and mitigating factors,
have been properly addressed." Id. at 706. Therefore, this court reviews a trial court's
sentencing determinations under "an abuse of discretion standard of review, granting a
presumption of reasonableness to within-range sentencing decisions that reflect a proper
application of the purposes and principles of our Sentencing Act." Id. at 707.
The sentences in this case are within-range sentences; therefore, our review is abuse
of discretion.
Pursuant to the 2005 amendments to the sentencing act, a trial court must consider
the following when determining a defendant's specific sentence and the appropriate
combination of sentencing alternatives:
(1) The evidence, if any, received at the trial and the sentencing hearing;(2) The pre-
sentence report;(3) The principles of sentencing and arguments as to sentencing
alternatives;(4) The nature and characteristics of the criminal conduct involved;(5)
Evidence and information offered by the parties on the mitigating and enhancement
factors set out in §§ 40-35-113 and 40-35-114;(6) Any statistical information
provided by the administrative office of the courts as to sentencing practices for
similar offenses in Tennessee; and(7) Any statement the defendant wishes to make in
the defendant's own behalf about sentencing.T.C.A. § 40-35-210(b).
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The record shows that the trial court fully considered the factors in Tennessee Code
Annotated section 40-35-210. The trial court considered the evidence and the nature of the
conduct involved and discussed the tragedy of a daughter’s wake while the victim’s house
was being burglarized; he referred to the pre-sentence report and discussed the prior record
of the defendant; he discussed the enhancing factors found; he noted no evidence or
information was offered on mitigating factors; and the defendant did not make a statement
in his own behalf. The defendant has failed to show an abuse of discretion with regard to
the sentence imposed for the crimes.
The trial court determined that the defendant has an extensive criminal record.
Tennessee Code Annotated 40-35-115, provides for consecutive sentencing:
(b) The court may order sentences to run consecutively if the court finds by a
preponderance of the evidence that:
...
(2) The defendant is an offender whose record of criminal activity is
extensive.
The defendant had a prior felony conviction for aggravated burglary, and seven
misdemeanor convictions. He was on probation seven times in the past, and had been
revoked twice. He had been tried on community corrections and was revoked. The
defendant has failed to show an abuse of discretion for consecutive sentencing.
The Defendant was eligible for probation because the "sentence actually imposed
upon [him was] ten (10) years or less." Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-303(a). The trial court
considered probation and found that the presumption in favor was “overcome in a very
dramatic way.”
The defendant has the burden of showing the impropriety of the sentence on appeal.
Id. § 40-35-401(d), Sentencing Comm'n Comments. The defendant has not carried his
burden. We find no abuse of discretion by the trial judge in the sentence imposed.
For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the judgment of the trial court
_______________________________
JOE H. W ALKER, S P .J.
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