State of Tennessee v. Hughes D. Cadwell ( 2003 )

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT NASHVILLE
February 11, 2003 Session
STATE OF TENNESSEE v. HUGHES D. CADWELL
Direct Appeal from the Circuit Court for Williamson County
No. I-057-202 Donald P. Harris, Judge
No. M2002-01013-CCA-R3-CD - Filed May 19, 2003
Defendant, Hughes D. Cadwell, was convicted in the Williamson County General Sessions Court
for driving on a suspended license on December 23, 1997. He received a ninety-day suspended
sentence and six months probation. On June 22, 1998, a probation violation warrant was issued,
alleging that Defendant had failed to maintain monthly contact with his probation officer and that
he had failed to pay probation fees and respond to a written request for action. Defendant was not
arrested on the warrant until February 6, 2002. At the February 13, 2002, hearing in Williamson
County General Sessions Court, Defendant pled true to the probation violation, and the court ordered
him to serve the ninety-day sentence. Defendant appealed to the Williamson County Circuit Court
on February 15, 2002. The circuit court conducted a hearing to determine whether to reinstate
Defendant’s probation. The court then dismissed the appeal on the basis that it lacked jurisdiction
because Defendant had pled true to the probation violation. We conclude that the circuit court had
jurisdiction to hear Defendant’s appeal from the general sessions court, de novo, and therefore, we
remand the case to the circuit court for proceedings consistent with this opinion.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right;
Judgment of the Circuit Court Reversed and Remanded
THOMAS T. WOODA LL, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which JOSEPH M. TIPTON and JOE
G. RILEY, JJ., joined.
J. Timothy Street, Franklin, Tennessee, for the appellant, Hughes D. Cadwell.
Paul G. Summers, Attorney General and Reporter; Jennifer L. Bledsoe, Assistant Attorney General;
Ronald L. Davis, District Attorney General; and Lee Dryer, Assistant District Attorney General, for
the appellee, State of Tennessee.
OPINION
On March 2, 2002, the Williamson County Circuit Court held a hearing to determine whether
to reinstate Defendant’s probation upon his appeal from general sessions court. At the hearing,
Defendant testified that he originally pled guilty to charges of driving on a suspended license. He
was eighteen years old at the time, and he was not represented by counsel. Defendant testified that
while on probation, he moved with his family to Michigan. He testified that he was a member of a
local carpenter’s union, but he was presently unemployed. Defendant returned to Tennessee and
contacted the Williamson County Sheriff’s Office to resolve the pending probation violation warrant.
Defendant testified that he had not received any other convictions. On cross-examination, Defendant
admitted that he failed to comply with the conditions of his probation. Defendant testified that he
could lose his position with the union if he were incarcerated. He also testified that when he entered
his guilty plea, he did not understand that he could be ordered to serve his ninety-day sentence in
confinement if he violated his probation. Defendant testified that he had paid his probation fees.
The circuit court ruled that the order from the general sessions court revoking Defendant’s
probation and imposing the original ninety-day sentence was not an “appealable order” because
Defendant pled true to the probation violation. The court based its ruling on Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-
35-310 (1997), which provides that in cases involving the revocation of a suspended sentence, “the
original judgment so rendered by the trial judge shall be in full force and effect from the date of the
revocation of such suspension, and shall be executed accordingly . . . .” The trial court stated, “when
[a defendant] concede[s] to the violation, the statute requires that [he] serve the sentence imposed.”
A defendant arrested for a violation of probation is entitled to a hearing and has the right to
be represented by counsel and to present proof in his behalf. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-311(b)
(Supp. 2002). Upon finding by a preponderance of the evidence that the defendant has violated the
conditions of probation, the trial court (which was originally the general sessions court in this case)
may revoke the probation and either: (1) order incarceration; (2) order the original probationary
period to commence anew; or (3) extend the remaining probationary period for up to two additional
years. State v. Hunter, 1 S.W.3d 643, 644 (Tenn. 1999); Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-310 (1997);
Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-311(e) (Supp. 2002); Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-308(c) (Supp. 2002).
Defendant has the right to appeal the revocation of his probation and entry of his original
sentence. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-311(e) (Supp. 2002). A circuit court reviews de novo an appeal
of a revocation of probation from general sessions court. Tenn. Code Ann. § 27-5-108(c) (1997).
By pleading true to the probation violation, however, Defendant may not re-litigate in circuit court
whether he was in violation of his probation, but rather the general sessions court’s disposition of
his probation violation.
The State concedes that it was error for the trial court to dismiss Defendant’s appeal from the
Williamson County General Sessions Court for lack of jurisdiction, but argues that the record is
sufficient to affirm the judgment. We cannot agree. The circuit court was the court of competent
jurisdiction to hear the appeal from general sessions court. Our direct review of the general sessions
court judgment would not be appropriate. Defendant was entitled to a de novo hearing in the
Williamson County Circuit Court. Our review of the judgment of the general sessions court would
abrogate Defendant’s right to this hearing in the circuit court. The judgment of the circuit court is
reversed, and this case is remanded to the circuit court for a new de novo hearing to determine
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whether to (1) order incarceration, (2) order the original probationary period to commence anew, or
(3) extend the remaining probationary period for up to two additional years.
CONCLUSION
This case is remanded to the circuit court for proceedings consistent with this opinion.
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THOMAS T. WOODALL, JUDGE
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