State v. David Richards ( 1999 )

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT KNOXVILLE FILED
DAVID LEE RICHARDS, * April 1, 1999
Appellant, * Cecil Crowson, Jr.
C.C.A. # 03C01-9903-CR-00099
Appellate C ourt Clerk
VS. * HAMILTON COUNTY
STATE OF TENNESSEE, *
Appellee. *
OPINION
The pro se petitioner, David Lee Richards, has filed an application for
permission to appeal the trial court's order denying his motion to reopen his petition
for post-conviction relief. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-217. The state has
responded in opposition to the motion.
The petitioner was convicted of first degree murder and received a life
sentence. The conviction and sentence were affirmed by this court on March 23,
1993. State v. David Lee Richards, No. 03C01-9207-CR-230 (Tenn. Crim. App., at
Knoxville, Mar. 23, 1993). An application for Rule 11 appeal was denied on July 6,
1993. Thereafter, the petitioner filed a petition for post-conviction relief, alleging the
ineffective assistance of counsel. The trial court denied relief and this court
affirmed. David Lee Richards v. State, No. 03C01-9508-CR-00219 (Tenn. Crim.
App., at Knoxville, Feb. 21, 1996). Rule 11 review was denied June 3, 1996.
On February 24, 1999, the petitioner filed this motion to reopen. In his
motion, he alleges a new constitutional right has been established that is applicable
to his case and that new scientific evidence exists which would show he is actually
innocent of first degree murder. 1 See generally Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-217. The
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The claims in the application for permission to appeal vary somewhat from the claims in the
motion to reope n. Our re view will be lim ited to the cla ims as set forth in th e mo tion to reop en. A
post-conviction petition "must necessarily rest upon and be determined by the factual allegations it
trial court entered an order on the court's minutes dismissing the motion.2
Section 40-30-217(a), Tenn. Code Ann., provides that a petitioner may
file a motion to reopen a petition for post-conviction relief only in limited
circumstances: if the claim in the motion is based on a final ruling of an appellate
court that establishes a constitutional right not recognized as existing at the time of
the trial and retrospective application of that right is required; if the claim is based on
new scientific evidence that establishes that the petitioner is actually innocent of the
offense, or if the claim is based upon relief from a sentence enhanced because of a
previous conviction that has subsequently been held to be invalid. Tenn. Code Ann.
§ 40-30-217(a). The statute further requires that the facts underlying the claim, if
true, establish by clear and convincing evidence that the petitioner is entitled to have
the conviction set aside or the sentence reduced. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-
217(a)(4). If the trial court denies the motion to reopen, the petitioner has ten days
to file an application for permission to appeal to this court. This court is not to grant
the application unless it appears that the trial court abused its discretion in denying
the motion. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-217(c).
The petitioner claims he is entitled to the benefit of a new rule of
constitutional law. He first cites Pruett v. Norris, 959 F. Supp. 1066 (E.D.Ark. 1997).
The Pruett case is a very complex case with several issues. The petitioner has
failed to state which rule of law in the Pruett opinion is applicable to his case. Even
if he had, however, the claim would fail. The statute requires that the motion be
contains ." Long v. S tate, 510 S.W.2d 83, 85 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1974). Although we are reviewing a
motion to reopen, the same rationale applies.
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Thereafter, the clerk of the trial court sent the petitioner a letter advising him his case had
been dismissed and that he had thirty days to appeal the dismissal. Under the Post-Conviction
Procedure Act, however, when a trial court denies a motion to reopen, "the petitioner shall have ten
(10) days to file an application in the court of criminal appeals seeking permission to appeal." Tenn.
Code Ann. § 40 -30-217 (c).
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based "upon a final ruling of an appellate court .... Such motion must be filed within
one (1) year of the ruling...." Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-217(a)(1) (emphasis added).
First, the Pruett opinion is not a ruling of an appellate court. Second, the Pruett
opinion was released in 1997. The motion to reopen was filed in 1999. Thus, any
claim based on Pruett would be barred by the statute of limitations. Id. He also
contends he is entitled to the appointment of an expert under the holding in Ake v.
Oklahoma, 470 U.S. 68 (1985). Any claim to relief based on the ruling in Ake is
likewise barred by the statute of limitations. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-217(a)(1).
The petitioner next claims that the trial court should have appointed an
expert who would have testified that intoxication would have diminished his ability to
form the mens rea necessary for a first degree murder conviction. He contends
these allegations qualify as new scientific evidence which would show he is innocent
of first degree murder. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-217(a)(2). To succeed on
this claim the petitioner must have "new scientific evidence that has already been
secured and which will establish his or her actual innocence." State v. Ray, 984
S.W.2d 233, 238 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1998) (emphasis added). The motion to reopen
is not an avenue for obtaining discovery. Id. Because that is exactly what the
petitioner proposes in his motion to reopen, the trial court did not abuse its
discretion by denying the motion.
Accordingly, the petitioner's application for permission to appeal the
trial court's denial of his motion to reopen is denied. Costs shall be taxed to the
state.
__________________________________
Gary R. Wade, Presiding Judge
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CONCUR:
__________________________________
James Curwood W itt, Jr., Judge
_____________________________________
Norma McGee Ogle, Judge
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