In Re: The estate of Nola Mae Mullins v. Mary Panther ( 2003 )

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT KNOXVILLE
February 10, 2003, Session
IN RE: THE ESTATE OF NOLA MAE MULLINS, Deceased, by Clyde
Bolinger v. Mary Panther
Direct Appeal from the Chancery Court for Claiborne County
No. 1641 Hon. John McAfee, Judge
FILED APRIL 3, 2003
No. E2002-02094-COA-R3-CV
Administrators of the Estate petitioned the Court to require respondent to account for funds held by
her by virtue of her power of attorney for deceased. We affirm the Trial Judge’s Order requiring an
accounting.
Tenn. R. App. P.3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Chancery Court Affirmed.
HERSCHEL PICKENS FRANKS , J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which CHARLES D. SUSANO,
JR., J., and D. MICHAEL SWINEY, J., joined.
Johnny V. Dunaway, LaFollette, Tennessee, for Appellant.
David H. Stanifer, Tazewell, Tennessee, for Appellee.
OPINION
In this action the administrators of the Estate sought an accounting from respondent
who had been given a power of attorney by the deceased. The Trial Court overruled respondent’s
Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Claim, pursuant to Tenn. R. Civ. P. 12.02, and said pursuant
to Tenn. R. Civ. P. 54, there was no reason to delay an appeal of his holding and ordered respondent
to file an accounting if an appeal of his ruling was not perfected within 30 days.1
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While the Trial Court’s Order does not comply with the requirements of Tenn. R. Civ. P.
54, the Order grants all the relief requested by the administrators, and the Trial Court intended his
Order to be an appealable judgment.
The deceased, during her lifetime, had executed a power of attorney in favor of her
sister, the respondent. Decedent died in 1999, and petitioners were appointed as administrators of the
estate. The Petition alleged that decedent’s worth was in excess of $500,000.00. They requested an
accounting from respondent for her management of these assets. Respondent denied the size of the
estate and refused to provide a formal accounting. She did concede she had made certain transfers
using the power of attorney but said that all transactions were at the specific request of decedent.
The scope of appellate review in non-jury matters is de novo upon the record, with a
presumption of correctness of the lower court’s factual determinations. Tenn. R. App. P. 13(d); Wright
v. City of Knoxville, 898 S.W.2d 177, 181 (Tenn. 1995). The Trial Court’s conclusions of law,
however, are not afforded any presumption of correctness. Campbell v. Florida Steel Corp., 919
S.W.2d 26, 35 (Tenn. 1996). The issues raised on motion to dismiss are questions of law and the
scope of review is de novo with no presumption of correctness. Tenn. R.App. P. 13(d); Winchester v.
Little, 996 S.W.2d 818, 821 -822 (Tenn. Ct. App.1998).
For the purpose of a motion to dismiss filed pursuant to Tenn. R. App. P. 12.02, all
relevant and material allegations of fact are presumed to be true. Riggs v. Burson, 941 S.W.2d 44
(Tenn. 1997). In construing a motion to dismiss, courts should construe the pleading liberally in favor
of the petitioner. Fuerst v. Methodist Hospital South, 566 S.W.2d 847, 848-849 (Tenn.1978).
The petition in this case alleges as facts that the petitioners are administrators of
decedent’s estate and respondent held a power of attorney, and the estate had been diminished.
Further, that respondent made gifts to herself and others and refused to account to the administrators.
Respondent argues that there are many deficiencies in the Petition, and insists they are fatal, e.g., there
is no allegation of specific wrongdoing, such as undue influence, conversion, breach of duty, or failure
to allege a presumption of a confidential relationship. Respondent’s argument relies upon cases
holding that undue influence or other malfeasance must be specifically pled. This argument
misperceives the nature of the relief sought. Petitioners do not allege any wrongdoing, nor are they
required to do so. The relief sought is the assistance of the Court in performing their fiduciary duty
to the estate, which includes identifying and marshaling the assets of the estate for the benefit of heirs.
The facts contained in the Petition establish petitioners’ basis and authority to obtain information,
without making legal conclusions or drawing impermissible inferences. In this regard see, Ferguson
v. Moore, 348 S.W.2d 496 (Tenn. 1961); Paduch v. City of Johnson City, 896 S.W.2d 767, 769 (Tenn.
1995); and Simpson v. Harper, 111 S.W.2d 882 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1937).
It is well settled that the execution of a power of attorney creates a confidential or
fiduciary relationship between the attorney in fact and the grantor of the power. Matlock v. Simpson,
902 S.W.2d 384 (Tenn. 1995); Mitchell v. Smith, 779 S.W.2d 384 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1989); Askew v.
Askew, 619 S.W.2d 384 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1981).
Respondent argues the law requires that a power of attorney must be unrestricted in
order to establish a confidential relationship, citing, Matlock and Mitchell, as well as other cases.
However, none of these cases dealt with whether or not the power must be unrestricted.
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The courts recognize that a confidential relationship exists as a matter of law whenever
a fiduciary duty is involved by virtue of the legal status of the parties, such as guardian and ward, etc.
Kelly v. Allen, 558 S.W .2d 845, 848 (Tenn. 1977). This Court has held that a power of attorney creates
an agency relationship which is fiduciary in nature, and while respondent relied on Johnson v.
Craycraft, 914 S.W .2d 506 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1995), that Court ruled that a confidential relationship
arose between the parties as a matter of law when the power of attorney was executed.
The relationship between the holder of a power of attorney and the principal is subject
to the laws of agency. Eaton ex rel. Johnson v. Eaton, 83 S.W.3d 131, 135 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2001).
“An agent is simply ‘[o]ne who undertakes to transact some business, or to manage some affair, for
another, by the authority and on account of the latter, and to render an account of it.’” Allstate Ins. Co.
v. Wilson, 856 S.W.2d 706, 715 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1992). “An agent is bound to keep correct and
intelligible records and to report when called upon, unless such duty is excused by the particular
character of the agency, or rendered unnecessary or impractical by the conduct of the principal.” Evans
v. Boggs, 245 S.W .2d 641, 655 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1951).
Personal representatives of an estate have both the right and a fiduciary duty to marshal
and collect the assets of an estate, to enforce choses in action which existed in favor of the deceased,
and to distribute the estate in a timely manner. Estate of Doyle v. Hunt, 60 S.W.3d 838, 844 (Tenn.
Ct. App. 2001); Campbell v. Miller, 562 S.W.2d 827, 832 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1977). Petitioners, in the
discharge of their duty, have properly asked the Court to require respondent to account for her actions
taken on behalf of decedent, and require her to account for all the assets coming into her hands in her
fiduciary capacity.
We affirm the Judgment of the Trial Court and remand, with the cost of the appeal
assessed to Mary Panther.
_________________________
HERSCHEL PICKENS FRANKS , J.
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