Duggan v. Cole , 2 Tex. 380 ( 1847 )

The following was pronounced by

Mr. Justice Lipscomb

as the opinion of the court:

In this case the petition shows that it was a substitute by leave of the court, and by consent of the parties, to be instead of the original petition now withdrawn, the answer to recognize it as an amended petition. There is sent up the record of a case between the same plaintiff and the same defendant, with one Terrell as a co-defendant. There was a verdict for the plaintiff, and judgment, from which an appeal was taken to the supreme court, and the mandate of the supreme court, by which it appears that the judgment was reversed and the cause remanded. From all of which we consider the conclusion a just one, that the amended petition was an amendment to the original one filed, on which the judgment had been rendered that was reversed, and the cause remanded to the district court, and that in the amended petition the name of Terrell as a co-defendant with Duggan was discontinued. To make such amendment was certainly within the power of the court to permit. It was not, therefore, a new suit, but a continuation of the old one, which appears to have been commenced in 1840; and being so commenced, the cause of action was not barred. That it was so considered by the parties on the trial in the court below is further manifested by the fact that all of the testimony was about the original transactions between the parties; and it does not appear that the question of the cause of action being barred was raised on the trial, although the statute was pleaded. If it had been an original action, only then commenced, the defendant in the court below had only to ask the charge of the court on the statute to have entitled him to a verdict; but no charge was prayed. That the petition was carelessly framed there can be no doubt. It ought certainly to have reterred to the former in special terms, and kept up the connection between the amended and the original one. It seems, however, to have been by consent; and where careless pleading seems to have been by consent, to visit one of the parties with the consequences of such faults would scarcely be equal justice.

There was a great deal of testimony on both sides, and from the lapse of time it was nothing more than might have been expected, that there should be some apparent contradiction. If the witnesses did not directly contradict each other, they certainly swore to facts from which very opposite conclusions might justly have been drawn. That must necessarily have made it the duty of the jury to weigh the circumstances and determine as best they could on the rights of the parties. Whether their determination was the result of a want of faith in a part of the testimony or reconciling it with honesty of intention, but concluding that some of the witnesses were mistaken, their verdict is conclusive, between the parties, because a revising ■court could neither say the verdict was without testimony, or that it was contrary to evidence. The judgment must be affirmed.

^After the foregoing judgment was pronounced, the appellant, by Ms counsel, applied for a rehearing of the cause, and under a rule of the court presented the following petition for that purpose:

To the Honorable the Judges of the Supreme Court:

The petition of Thomas H. Duggan respectfully asks for a rehearing in the case of Duggan v. Cole, lately decided by your honorable court, for the following reasons:

1st. The claim of the plaintiff as presented by the transcript of the proceedings of the court below, and upon which alone your honors had to act, was clearly and unquestionably barred by the statute of limitations. The petition was filed in 1847, to recover the amount of an account which was shown to have been made in 1839, and there is nothing alleged or shown in the petition or elsewhere in the record which takes the claim out of the operation of the statute. The assertion that it was an amended petition gave to this court, no information that the original petition was not equally barred by the statute. Besides, whatever might'have been the effect of the original petition, it was not before the court; the plaintiff himself had withdrawn it from the cause, as he shows upon the .face of the petition which he substituted in place of it; this court, therefore, it is most respectfully submitted, ought not to» have adverted to it for any purpose whatever in rendering its judgment in the present case. The only possible mode by which that petition could have been invoked into this case would have been to have used it as evidence on the trial in the court below. It was not so used, and therefore was not beforethat court, and could not have been before this by any rule of law or practice.

The court, in the opinion delivered in this case, for the purpose of showing that the plaintiff’s demand was not barred by the statute of limitations, uses the following language: “We find, however, from a former record of a suit between the same parties, commenced in 1840, that a judgment had been rendered, which, on an appeal to the supreme court of the republic, was reversed and the cause remanded; and that on its reappearance in the district court the parties, from some cause or other, agreed to the substitution of a new petition and went to trial. The suit, then, is only one and the same that was commenced in 1840, and consequently the act of limitation cannot bar it.”

The record of the suit commenced in 1840, it is again most respectively submitted, was not before this court, and it could not properly be referred to for any purpose in the decision of this cause. Your petitioner again insists that the only way in which it could have been brought into this cause would have been by offering it as evidence at the trial in the court below, and as it was not so offered or used in that court, it could not by any legal rule be referred to by the supreme court in its revision of the proceedings of the district court. For this court to resort to evidence not found in the record submitted to its consideration, and which was not used on the trial in the court below, and upon that new and distinct evidence which the parties have had no opportunity to controvert or explain, to make its judgment and decision here, it is most respectfully submitted, would be setting a precedent which would be dangerous to, if not wholly subversive of, the rights of parties.

The opinions of the supreme court of the republic may be regarded as law in this court, but the mere matters of faet which are stated in the proceedings, had in another court, cannot be regarded in this, unless properly incorporated as testimony in some canse brought before this court upon appeal or by writ of error, and the record referred to in this case, and upon which a most important branch of the cause was made to turn, did not come before it in that attitude.

Inasmuch, then, as the record of the suit commenced in 1810 was not before this court either as evidence used in the court below, or in any other form known to the practice of the court or the rules of law; and inasmuch as by the opinion of the court delivered in the cause, it is shown that the plaintiff’s action would have been barred by the statute of limitations had the court not relieved it from the operation of the statute by resorting to that record, and to which the plaintiff himself did not resort on the trial in the court below; and inasmuch as the case had been decided in this court upon testimony which the counsel for the appellant had no opportunity of controverting or even of discussing before this court, it is most respectfully submitted by your petitioner, that he should have a rehearing for that'reason if for none other, though he humbly submits he will be able to show other good and substantial reasons for granting his prayer.

Tour petitioner most respectfully submits to your honors, that the court must have misapprehended the record in the suit commenced in 1840, when it regarded it as a suit between the same parties, and for the same consideration and cause of action; and that this suit was only a continuance of that suit. By adverting to that record it will be seen that the two suits were between different parties and for a different cause of action. That suit was between James C. Cole, plaintiff, and Thomas H. Duggan and Henry Terrell, defendants. This suit is between James Cole and Thomas H. Duggan. That suit was for the recovery of six hundred and twenty-nine dollars and seventy-nine cents. This is for the recovery of eleven hundred and sixty-one dollars and eiglity-one cents. The gross amount of the account sued upon in the former ease, without the credits which the plaintiff himself had allowed, was one thousand and forty-nine dollars and seventy-nine cents, more than one hundred and twelve dollars less than is demanded in this case; and many of the items in the account then sued for were of a different character from any that are embraced in the present account.

In referring to the many points of difference between the two cases, both as to the parties and the cause of action, your petitioner does not do it for the purpose of asserting that both cases had not their origin in the same alleged transaction; that is a matter, it is most respectfully submitted, with which this court, as the case is now presented, can have nothing to do.They are referred to for the purpose of showing that the two cases are not so iden tical as to authorize a reference to the one in this court to sustain the other. If the record of the former case had been offered as evidence in the court below on the trial of this, the differences between the two might possibly have been explained by other testimony, but without such explanation it is impossible to say that the two cases are identical; and therefore the first one could not be resorted to to sustain the last, even had there been no objection to a practice being established in this court of resorting to testimony aliunde to sustain a cause before it.

It is further most respectfully submitted to your honors, that if the record in the former suit between Cole v. Duggan and Terrell could have been invoked into this cause at all in this court, not having been brought into the cause in the court below, then it should have been considered throughout, and the defendant should have had the benefit of everything it contains. In that suit the plaintiff called upon the defendants to answer interrogatories; they did answer them, and by their answer showed that the plaintiff was not entitled to recover one cent. Their answers were not disproved by a single witness on the trial of either suit, and therefore ought to be taken as true; and they were clearly sustained by the testimony of most of the witnesses who were sworn on the trial of the last suit. The facts sworn to by the plaintiff’s witnesses were all admitted in the answers, and other facts directly responsive to the interrogatories propounded showed that there was nothing due to the plaintiff. It is therefore most respectfully asked if tlie record of tlie former suit could be resorted to at all in this case, ought not the whole record to have been used? Is it right and just to resort to it to sustain the plaintiff’s action, and not resort at the same time to such parts of it as sustained the defense, and showed that the plaintiff had no right to recover?

In the former suit there was a verdict for the plaintiff for two hundred and eiglity-five dollars. The supreme court of the republic set aside that verdict, because it was contrary to evidence, and granted a new trial. In this case, upon testimony not a particle stronger for the plaintiff, but much stronger on the part of the defendant, the jury found a verdict for six hundred and twenty dollars, and the supreme court affirm the judgment.

It is stated in the opinion of this honorable court that “there appears to have been a great deal of conflicting evidence before the jury at the trial.” It is believed, and most respectfully submitted to your honors, that from the vast and complicated amount of business and interests which have been pressed upon the consideration of the court during the last few weeks, and the immense labor it has had to perform, that it has not been able to give such a careful examination of the facts which the record discloses as would, under more favorable circumstances, have been given; and that, therefore, the court has, to some extent at least, misconceived the testimony in the cause.

It is not perceived from a careful examination of the evidence found in the record that there is the slightest conflict in the testimony of any of the witnesses respecting the material facts in the case.

A review of the whole evidence shows it to be as follows: Pierce swore that he saw Duggan hand to Oole in Mississippi, before his departure for Texas, between five hundred and fifty and six hundred dollars, to be laid out for supplies for him in Mew Orleans. Mo other witness speaks of this fact in any way or manner whatsoever, nor is Pierce in any respect contradicted by any other witness. So far as his testimony is concerned, therefore, there is no conflict.

Terrell swore that he heard Cole acknowledge, after his arrival in Texas, that E. Duggan advanced to him for T. H. Dug-gan in New Orleans, one hundred and sixty-one dollars. Austin corroborates this testimony, and there is not a single witness that controverts or denies it, nor is there any other that speaks of this transaction. There is, then, no conflicting testimony as to this part of the evidence. -

Terrell also swore that he saw Thomas H. Duggan advance to Cole, at his house in Texas, three hundred dollars to buy him some land in the up country, and that Cole did not buy the land or return with the money. This is not denied or controverted by any other witness, nor does any other speak of the transaction, and consequently there is no conflict in this portion of the testimony.

James Cole, Jr., swore that he hauled up goods from Houston for Duggan which he obtained from a store upon an order from the plaintiff. There is not a single witness that controverts this fact, or that denies that James Cole, Jr., hauled up the very articles which he himself designates; and upon looking at the account filed by the plaintiff, it is found that the cost of these very articles was only two hundred and sixty-one dollars and twenty-five cents. No witness contradicts or denies this. James Cole, Jr., also testified that his uncle advanced one hundred dollars to Duggan at Mrs. Magee’s to pay for the hauling of the goods. This fact is not denied or attempted to be disproved; there is, therefore, no conflict between the testimony of James Cole, Jr., and the other witnesses.

Matthew Moss swore that Duggan acknowledged in his presence that Cole loaned him two hundred dollars to buy a pair of matched horses. No witness contradicts this. The only objection to it is, there is no item in the account sued on to which it appears to relate; but let this be as it may, it shows no conflict in the testimony of the witnesses. Moss also testified that he heard Duggan say that Cole purchased for him a year’s supply of groceries in New Orleans, and he names the articles. This is not denied by any witness. On 'the contrary, all the witnesses who speak of the transaction' •admit that Cole did purchase such articles, and the testimony •of James Cole, Jr., shows that he hauled up precisely such. "There is, then, no witness conflicting with Moss.

If any portion of the testimony can be regarded as conflicting in the slightest degree, it is only that which relates to the ■conditiomand circumstances of Cole in Mississippi previous to ■his coming to Texas. Two of the witnesses speak of his being in indigent circumstances when he lived with Duggan, and •another witness, Kerr, says he saw him in Mississippi, and he •was then boarding at a respectable house at a different town, and appeared to have money, and was taken as one of the sureties on his bond. The testimony of these witnesses evidently relates to different periods of time, and therefore is not in conflict; both may stand and be true. But even if in conflict, it does not affect the matters in controversy between .the parties.

According to the testimony, there is nothing proved to •establish Cole’s account beyond five hundred and sixty-one ■dollars and twenty-one cents, and this, too, including the two •hundred dollars proved by Moss. Pierce’s testimony alone •shows that Duggan advanced to Cole between five hundred and fifty and six hundred dollars; so that if the testimony of Terrell and Austin,-as to the other advances by Duggan, amounting to four hundred and sixty-one dollars, be discarded, there is still no evidence to sustain the verdict; but, on the ■contrary, it is shown that the verdict is directly contrary to the evidence.

The petitioner humbly hopes that your honors will give a •more thorough examination into this case, convinced that if you will do so, you will discover great injustice has been done him, and will grant him a rehearing and new trial. If a new trial be granted him, he is confident that he will be able to •show, as he thinks he has already done, that he does not owe the plaintiff one cent; and he trusts on a future occasion that lie will be able to present his case to jurors less prejudiced ;against him, and less predisposed in favor of his adversary than those evidently were who have heretofore acted on his case, and that justice may yet be meted out to him.

Thomas H. DuggaN,

By James Webb,

His Attorney.