In Re Toyota Unintended Acceleration Litigation ( 2010 )

MDL No. 10-0342
IN RE TOYOTA UNINTENDED ACCELERATION LITIGATION
ON REVIEW BY THE MULTIDISTRICT LITIGATION PANEL
JUSTICE BROWN delivered the opinion of the MDL Panel.
In 2010, we appointed Judge Robert Schaffer of the 152nd District Court in
Harris County as the pretrial judge for the Toyota Unintended Acceleration
Litigation, MDL No. 10-0342. We identified four areas where common questions
of fact exist: (1) whether certain Toyota vehicles are prone to unintended
acceleration; (2) the cause of the unintended acceleration; (3) whether Toyota was
aware of the alleged defects relating to the unintended acceleration; and (4)
whether Toyota failed to timely recall its vehicles or properly test them. In re
Toyota Unintended Accel. Litig., No. 10-0342, 2011 Tex. LEXIS 504, at *3 (Tex.
M.D.L Panel June 30, 2011).
In 2011, Jan Krocker sued Fred Haas Motors, Ltd., in Harris County Civil
Court at Law No. 2, seeking damages related to several unintended-acceleration
incidents involving her 2006 Toyota Camry Solara. When Haas attempted to have
Krocker’s action transferred to Judge Schaffer’s MDL as a tag-along case, Krocker
objected. Judge Schaffer sustained the objection and remanded Krocker’s claims to
1
the county court at law. Under Rule 13.5(e), Haas has moved for a rehearing of
that ruling by this panel. See Tex. R. Jud. Admin. 13.5(e).
Whether we are hearing an original motion for transfer to a pretrial court
under Rule 13.3, or reviewing an order by a pretrial court remanding a matter on
the ground that it is not a tag-along case under Rule 13.5(e), our duty is the same:
we must determine whether the cases in question involve one or more common
questions of fact and whether placing them together in the same pretrial court will
serve the convenience of the parties and witnesses and promote the just and
efficient conduct of the litigation.1 See Tex. R. Jud. Admin. 13.3(l).
1
Haas argues that in reviewing an order to remand under Rule 13.5(e), we are constrained to
determine only whether the remanded case is related to those pending in the pretrial court. It
bases this contention on language from In re Silica Products Liability Litigation, 216 S.W.3d 87
(Tex. M.D.L. Panel 2006), in which we say "our authority is limited to the determination of
whether the cases at issue 'involve one or more common questions of fact.'" Id. at 91. But that
language must be read in the context of the paragraph in which it resides:
Rule 13 gives the MDL Panel express authority to consider only two matters.
First, the panel may determine whether to refer several related cases to a pretrial
court because they involve one or more common questions of fact, and because
transfer to a specific district court will serve the convenience of the parties and
witnesses, and will promote the just and efficient conduct of the cases. Tex. R.
Jud. Admin. 13.3(l). Secondly, the MDL Panel may review an order by the
pretrial court remanding a case "on the grounds that it is not a tag-along case." Id.
13.5(e). In both instances, our authority is limited to the determination of whether
the case at issue "involve one or more common questions of fact." See id. 13.2(f),
(g), 13.5(e).
In re Silica, 216 S.W.3d at 91 (emphasis added). It would make no sense to inquire into the
convenience, justice, and efficiency of transferring cases to a pretrial court pursuant to a motion
for transfer under Rule 13.3, but exempt tag-along cases from such an inquiry.
2
Haas contends that as Krocker’s lawsuit raises questions of fact common to
all four areas this panel identified as relevant in this MDL, we should grant its
motion for rehearing and transfer the matter back to the pretrial court. 2 Because
transferring the case would not further the goals of multidistrict litigation as
outlined in Rule 13, we deny Haas’s motion.
The thrust of Haas’s argument is that Krocker’s case presents factual issues
common to other claims already pending in Judge Schaffer’s MDL. Indeed,
Krocker alleges in her original petition: (1) that she experienced unintended-
accleration incidents in her Toyota Camry Solara; (2) that among the causes for
that acceleration are electronic defects in Toyota vehicles; (3) that Toyota was
aware of the defects; and (4) that Toyota has failed to timely remedy the problem.
Haas correctly states that Krocker’s allegations are very similar to those at issue in
the MDL.
But to merit inclusion in the MDL, cases must do more than merely “involve
one or more common questions of fact.” Under Rule 13, “related” cases may be
transferred to a single pretrial judge only “if transfer will (1) serve the convenience
of the parties and witnesses and (2) promote the just and efficient conduct of the
2
Krocker contends that this panel has no jurisdiction over her case because it “was never
properly removed” as a tag-along case under Rule 13. We find her arguments unpersuasive.
Under Rule 13.5(e), an order to remand a tag-along case to the trial court “may be appealed to
the MDL Panel by a motion for rehearing filed with the MDL Panel Clerk.” Tex. R. Jud. Admin.
13.5(e).
3
litigation.” In re Ad Valorem Tax Litig., 216 S.W.3d 83, 84 (Tex. M.D.L. Panel
2006); see also In re Tex. Windstorm Ins. Ass’n Hurricanes Rita & Humberto
Litig., 339 S.W.3d 401, 401 (Tex. M.D.L. Panel 2009); Tex. R. Jud. Admin.
13.3(a), 13.3(l). Collecting cases into a single MDL accomplishes these goals by
“eliminating duplicative discovery, minimizing conflicting demands on witnesses,
preventing inconsistent decisions on common issues, and reducing unnecessary
travel.” In re Champion Indus. Sales, LLC, ___ S.W.3d ___, ___, 2012 WL
5362204, at *4 (Tex. App.―Corpus Christi Oct. 29, 2012, no pet. h.).
When assigning a case to a particular MDL would not serve the goals of
convenience, justice, and efficiency, it is not a proper tag-along case under Rule
13, no matter how similar its questions of fact are to those of the other cases
pending in the MDL. In this instance, Krocker has not sued any of the defendants
who are parties to the MDL. She has sought discovery from Haas, but not Toyota
itself, or any of the other parties in the MDL. Unlike the models at issue in the
MDL, Toyota has not recalled the model about which she complains, a 2006
Camry Solara, and Judge Schaffer has not included that model in any of the pretrial
discovery he has authorized.
In addition, Haas has not set forth how including Krocker’s case in the MDL
would serve the convenience of the parties and witnesses and promote the just and
efficient conduct of the litigation. See Tex. R. Jud. Admin. 13.3(a), (l). Instead,
4
Haas merely contends that Krocker’s claims “present issues of fact common to
other cases in the MDL.” But the presence of even nearly identical factual issues
will not justify transfer to a pretrial judge if it cannot be shown that doing so would
advance the goals of convenience, justice, and efficiency. Here, Haas has made no
such showing.3
For the reasons stated, we deny Haas’s motion for rehearing and deny its
request to transfer Krocker’s claims to the pretrial court.
PRESIDING JUDGE PEEPLES and CHIEF JUSTICES STONE, MCCLURE, and WRIGHT
concur.
______________________________
Jeff Brown, Justice
OPINION DELIVERED: January 4, 2013
3
In her response to Haas’s motion for rehearing, Krocker alleged several procedural deficiencies
by Haas and raised other arguments that, in light of our ruling, we do not address.
5