Untitled Texas Attorney General Opinion ( 1944 )

OFFICE OF ‘l-NE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS
AUSTIN
..
i3onorable 0. P. Lookhart, CCalrran .,
Board of Inauranos C~amlsslonero
Austin, Te;ue
us1 6886sar,ent8
OS Of thG:A' QbQ-
the sinounti of the an-
aid'io periodio in-
t%..oath or tbe>.in-
ur opinion that your reyucot-da frmmd should
6 negative; but suQh‘kinwer, whcxr oonofderod
in GOllII6CtitiXIwith aozle oz t&3 lW?o 00vorln- zxLtilta1 as8bss-
xaoni issu+ance xm?.oaint~lozo and oqnpair-..?; !h eubjeot to qual-
IfloaWons, as will bwqlnaftor bo ehovm.
All rsfersncoa anda hernin to atntutes'will be to
Vernon’s Ann~tsteU Revised CIvll Zitatutee of.1925, nnd ecoend-
nents thereof.
Artlole SOSS-1 (Chapter 22;Tltie 78)~ agplles to all
insurance conipanlo8 and easoclations whlah Issue poliolos or
ocrtiflcetss or insurenob on the lives or per8on8, or provlds
’ .
. *
!:onoreble 2; F. LOCkhnl’t, pclab 2
hcolth and aooldent beotflta, u,wn the so-osllei nutusl a&686-
rant plan, or whose Cusxls are derived from the assessrant of
Its policyholders or memtars, en% applies, ln Ceot, to all
life, health and tcoident bOq31inle8 or associations nhlah do
not come within tho provlslans or Chapters 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 18,
19 or 20, Title 78, oi the iW~Is~d,CIvll Statute8 oP Texee.
The term “a5sessmentw, es wed in said law, ls_de-
,’titled08 follows:
**fis8e88zumtt’ ehall Include pr@ilns and moan
any and all noaey or valuable thins paid in consld-
erbtlon 0: such Insurance ae.is afforded by thb Qer-
tiriaw.- .A
The tbrm '9abmbarshlp tee", es used in aaid leu, is
dofined LLSfollows:
wWi~berahlp fee' shall be tho amomt of the
first aeGee5ment or b88ebsu!bnt8 permitted by,the
Board to be plaoed~ln the expense fwd of assoola-
tlons, repreeentlng coat of solloltiag or proourlng
the member,.*
SbotlOn 9 of seld Art1016 15, in part, 88 tollaxs:. *
n2W3ry polloy or oertirfoate or Insurance
lasued by an aasoaletlon ahall state definitely
on the front page the amount or death benerlt to
be p&id, and the airoum8tanoe8 or conditions un-
der which It shall be paid shall be plelnly
stated In the pollay. isvery health, scoldeat or
other benefit shall be plainly stated in the
polloy, and the terms an4 oondltlone un4cr whiah
thsy ohs11 be paid shall be stetod plainly in
the polloy.’
SoOtiOn 11 Of eald f&iOlb is, in part, 88 fOllOWS:
*&oh aseooistlon eha,ll levy ro&illar and
periodical assessments by whatever name they
mzy be c~1LeU. These esaeasments rn,uet be In
such rmounts and et euoh propar intervals Be
will meet tho reaeonable operetlng expenaee Of
,, the association, and pay In full the claims
arfslxg under Its oertlfloates. whan or if In
the course 0: opsrntlon it ohs11 be apparent
that the olalxu8 0ennot be met In run mp3 current
.
Bonorabl6 3. .P. Lockhart, pa&s 3
a8ooosmenta and SunSa w hand, the ernount nuet
-be inoreasbd untll they are adequate to meet
such clalna, en4 the dosrd ah611 so order.*
section 13 0r aald f.rtlclc la, in pert, a8 roii0ttf5:
*Xt is the prlasry purpoao ol- this hot to
secure to the nembera 0: the aaaooietlona end
their ben6cllclerlea the full an4 prompt pey-
sent of eU olelnxi according to the fnexlnum
beneflt provided in tholr cortlrlcotea. It la
therefore required OF all ~assooletIo,na that
all olalrna under osrtlSloatea be paid in full
within sixty (60) days aitor.reoeIpt or due
proof or 0ia8.* .
Simtlon 17 oi said krtlole is as followat
"Ii the payments of 'the ma~bera~of say
saaoolatton coming wlthln the acop or this
hot, on oertlfiuatss issued and in Sorce whcta
this Act taker effoat., or the rcinaurfinco or :.
r6ncwala of such C6rtiSlcstca, t&ail prove ln-
.‘~.sufffolent to pay aatared dsatt: end dkxibll-
lty olelns la the noxtr,uatmouat stated la
such policirs or certificates, an4 to provide
for the orsatloo and xmlntonnnce or the fuwia
required by its 16~1, au!! casoalatlon may
with the epprovcl of the Board of Insurance
Comi8alonera end ester proper baring before
said 3oerd provide ror raestlag suoh deflclanop
by additloael, lncr6err~d, or eftrtt rates or
peyrnent, or by reduction In tho mxinum beac-
iits etated La such poliolca or.certlfloster
then in rorce, or by both euoh laormsed pay-
A8XAtS end re%UOCrb mixlsrm bermfits, or the
menbora nury be @ren the OptIOn OS aereein6 to
reduced rrparlmor?bsneflta, or of making ln-
oreeebd geynenta.a
-I- We fini nothlag In said P~tiole, the zaaterlal portlona
or which nre above set out, to prevent the levy of nn annual
eaassomnt in advance, with provlalon that the amount tb6r6of
can bo paid in pbrfodical installments, ~0 lOXi& 85 8-h haaO55-
mento er6 la auoh amuM. as ~$11 met the reasonebb OpWtttIng
bXpYln888 of the aa8ooistion and gay In cull the 0161~5 arising
.under 'lta certltIoetsa. This would not apply, howeve:, to a
nu6mberahlp ree"', but e separate uaaeeament should be made ior
rioonoroble 2. 7. Lookhart, pa&e 4
that purpose, or a part or the annual asseeszmt be set aside
thtrefor. (@&a &t$o&&oes nOt,,.sUth.Q~~~~hA,.unpaidlliDI
&a$lncnts ()I ,&he adftual.~~~~~~~~~n.~-~,obe,:~o~~q$&,.Cm~ kh&
-death of ~h~‘iiisured..
nw.~-G.-%.+.---
1)
Xs hereinabove ateted, .wtlole 5068-l (Chaptz 22
Title 78) applies to all fnaurunoe co~ppsnlc5 or e*soolatlonl;
whloh do not 00% within certain ohapters the nuxbere of
whloh are there set out, and this would leevc Chapters 6, 8a
and Oa, Tit16 78, which aovcr the transaotion of lnsuranoe
suoh 88 irr lnoluded in your quostlon. Chapter 6, Title 78,
we8 repaaled by Artlols 4860a-18, whloh-le a part of Cheptor
9 , Tltlo 78, above rercrrod to, but Chapter 9 deal8 with mutual
.Insurance end not mutual asssoqmt lnsuranoe, an;i besides,
oaid krtiols &860a-18 provides that such rcpoala “shall not
apply to dr effect any Conpanf or Xeooolation now doing busl-
~88s under the laws repeelad, and they shall oontlnue to be
govarasd by the regulatory provlrrlons OS euoh laws.” Thore-
rare. suoh’ooapanlos or assoolationa 68 are still dolng.busl-
nam und.er Chapter 6, Title 78, era governed by the provialoma
thereor.
Artlole 5068-1, Seotlon 15, provldes.in part a6 fol-
low*:
-The provfslons or this Act requiring the
ru papent or olaims shall not apply to any
groups, alub, or olase prrviously organized and
sow operating 00 the post-mrtbm or asssasnent-
as-needed plan and any asaoolatlon having suoh
a group, olub, or alaas may aontlnue to operate
it on sold plan go long aa any ruoh @‘oup, club,
or olass has a atiiloient membership et the
aosesanent rate ohar&ad to produaa, and so long
as it rlo~s produoe, for the mortutry or relief
runa et least rlrty (50% par cent or the max-
11nu-avalue’or tha lergest polloy in said @hap,
club, or Olaaa. In the event the nembcrshlp of
olub or olass is only euttlclent in
~b%“tuf*pay between rmy (50$) per cent and
one hundred (lOO$) per oaat or the mazlmi~ value,
It shall be the duty or the orriaer of Bald
assoolation to have printed on etloh assossnent
n0tiO.3 the prrooritage or the aiarimum value 0r the
oertifloate aotually paid on the last death olaiar '
in said group, olub, or olasr . . .”
Hononblo 0. P. Lookhurt, pa&e 5
Artloloo~C766-1799 (Chaptor 6, Title i8, repealed)
p&wide ror the organization or a oorporetlon to tranract
looldont ln8wanoo burlnero upon the 8o-operuto or mutUa1
la8eoount plan undor end rubjoot only to tho provlolo~ or
8eid ohaptor.
'-oh oortiiioato of Mmborrhip, polloy or
other oontraot or ln8urenoo io8Ued by 8Uoh oom-
pany lhell boar on it8 moo In rod lottorr tho
r0ii0ring woraor 'The payment of the banoflt
heroin pr0via0d ror 10 00nditi0n0a upon it0 being
OOlleOtOd by thI8 oompany frOIQl88088QOntO end
othor lOUroO8 a0 provided in it8 by-lwm.'
Nothing in th18 ohaptor ehell bo oonntruod to
prevent tho oreatlon or a ro8orvo runa by my
luoh orgeniz8tIon, whloh fund, or it8 oooro-
tlOM, or both, 8ro to bo u8od only for the pay-
ment of 108808 or bonofltr, a8 provldod In the
by-law8 of ruoh oorporotlon. Such oorporatlon
may oherge a membrrrhip or admIoslon ieo of not
8xOeedlz& throo dollar8 upon eaoh p01loy 108ucd,
tho prooeoda or rhloh may be pleoea in the ox-
pensa rm, and 8t loaot 8lxty per oont or all
amount8 realized fion a4 other l0~roe8 ohall
be Uoed only for tho payment of 10o800 or bono-
rit0 00 they ooour, or the balanoo theroof ro-
malnlne lrtor poylng luah looreo or benerltr
tranrirrrod to luoh ro8ervo fund. Such mombor-
#hip fee may al00 8pply a0 a payment or oredlt
UpOn tho initial l88a88DBnt Or pX’OM.iUm, if the
by-law8 0r the oorporatlon 80 pr0via0. Aoto
1905, p. 311, AOt8 1915, p. 255.”
*Eaoh notloe or looos8mentr made by 8UOh
oorporatlon upon Ito membero, or any of them,
8hau truly ltete the oau80 and purpooe 0r 8Uah
eroe88mont, om0unt paid on the lart olalm pala,
the oeUoo or dirabillt~ or death, the name of tho
member ror ubooo doath or dl8abllIty 8uoh pay-
ment war made, tho m8xImun raoe value 0r tho oec-
tliloat0 or polloy, and, in oa80 Of di8ablllty,
the mulmm amount provldoa. for In 8UOh polloy
or oertli~ioetoror 8uoh dI8ability, end, it not
paid in full, the reason ~horofor. hot 1903, P? 174.”
Gi P. Lcickhart,
;;.onortiblo pee% I
Art1010 4797 la es r0iit3ti8:
~ivo~y pollo~ or oertlrloeto ls~ued by eny
such oorporetlon shall spoolr’y the sxa oi money
WhiCb it prO~~iOt% t0 pay Up02 the aontIn&anay
insured acalnot, and the number ot day5 after
the receipt of satIsl’c.otory proor or the happen-
la5 of suoh oontln+:ency at whloh SUCh payment
‘. shell ba sado. Upon the hoppanlng or such eon-
tlr-saoy, euch oorporatloa shall be liable ror
the paymant of suoh amuzzt la rull et the tine
80 Bp6Oiiib4, subject to puoh legal 36fMlS6S as
it nay bavc agalnoti scimo+ If the siup realized
by It from 88sessmcnts mado In acoordenoo with
its by-laws to meet 5uoh p.eyment, together with
such other, su.. OS its bplaws mey rovlde shall
be used for that purpose, shall be Pnsti$lclunt
to pay !iuoh's;lcp la rull for uhlch it la so lla-
ble, then the pay'rmit 08 the full aaount 80
realized shell dlsoher&o such oorporatloq from
all llablllty, by rensou of the happening of
s.uoh oontingonoy, and In t&t event, ouch car-
goration shall be liable only for the errAunt so :
aatuelly raollzed. Id. Sec. 12. *
It ia our opinion that 011 compan$e8 or essoola-
tlone do;:*4 buoiuess un3er ;.rtloles 6784-4799 are doin busl-
ness on the *poat-xorte1;? or aretsomant-as-nc-edsd* plan as
referred to in Agtlols 5068-1, Section 15, as tho notloe or
assesommt raqulyed by Xrtlole 4795 would be aeanla&lcss un-
1~5s appllod to essoonments medo after the losseshad already
aoorued. Thororort, it would be imposslblo ror suoh oom-
paalos or assooietlons to levy an ennual asaeesment in ad-
VLLAO~ and make provisions for lt to bo paid’ in perIodlo la-
stallmentrr.
~rtlole 48591 (Chapter S/L, Title 781, Seotlon 1, is
as r0u0wi3:
“380. 1. Any oorporatlon drganlzed end ln-
oorpo?ated under a pre-exlstlng law In this State
without capital stook and not ior profit, whloh
la;v hao beon mended or ropcaled or reenacted,
and which was operotlng and aotualy oarrylng on
In this State ImmeUlately prior to Januery 1, L933,
the state-wide buolneos or mutually proteotlng or
iASrlr:Ag the lives of its mombers by asoossnents
tcade LQOAit8 membwe m8y ooniply with the terms of
lionorable 6. P. Lookhart, pat33 7
thlr, iot, subJeot to the subsequent provial onr
hereor.*
Seation 9 or said ..mIols Is, In part, ab roli0rrs:
“The rbliCt funds or any oorporntlon ooiu-
ply& with and operating under the term or
this hat shell be. orontod by assessmcnta levled
upon thb mbllbera 02 s&I3 oorporatlon. Such assess-
ix&s my be made pcrlodioalty upon such boo-
tinlfencios as my be provided in the by-lam o$
the corporation, or at suoh steted periods ss in ’
the disorotlon or the r&ma&ng ofrloer or or-
there or the oorporatloa rwrg be deemed nooessory.
Tbo banePIts to be paId by ouch corporation shall
be .dbpendent upon the amount realized from asaess-
3enLs upon the mti’JershIpi end the ~asrtlficoto
shall so provide; and.the certlfloete shall also
‘sthte the aiaslnu~ to be paid. Such corporation
&hall provide In Ito by-laws ror the portlon’or
Its essessments to be allottsi to tho rioartuary ’
fund. and msy provide for the peynent out or sail
.~ortuary fund 0r all ettorneys* ieca end necessary
txpenaes arIsIng out or the derense, settler&ant,
or peyraent of oonteetsd olelms.~
SectSon 11 or asid Artlole Is, In part. as follows:
Wo oorporatlon hereudar shall Isscle any
ocrtlrioate or polloy upon a lllclted payment
plan, nor guarantee or promlso to pay any type
oi endowment or nnnuity bonefits, but shall ooa-
rIne It6 operation to the Issuanae ot oertlti-
aates looklng to oontlnuou payment premium or
yi3;mmt0 $urIng the lire time 0r the polloy-
.. . .
Sootion 12 or aeM hrtlole IS as follows:
-30 borporatlon operating under this Aot
shall write any policy or 0ertlrIoote 0r Insur-
enoe celling ror a naxlnum bensrft in exoaes 0r
Five Thousand Dollars ($~,OOO.OO), nor any polioy
or oertliloete ot Insuraaoe unless the nembershIp
or oaId corporatloa, liable for assessmmts on
said poliog or oortlrloatb or group or olass or
club liable therefor shall be ourrioient In number
:ionorabl G, F. Lockhart, par;e 8
at tbt aaoonsmnt rate oharywd seIJ olass to pay
rift+ par cent (5%) or the maxI:m4 bcnerit afit
rorth In said polloy or certlfloata, In the evoat
the menbarshlp in say group, 01888, or club 0r
said corporation shall rall below suoh nursber,
then the oorporatlos shell inmedfately aotIfy the
mmbera OC suoh group, olsss, or olub, ani Il
saii amcberahlp Is not lnarcaaed to mid nuber
within six (6) mx.Me tharearte0, sold group,
olaos, gr club shall be ‘oonsolldated wlth SOW
other group, olass,.or club, or disoontinued,
Dzet’d,o,6,y,tn;,E$ corp.ratIon hereunder has only
or club, ,then in ths event the
~nembershlp of se&l aorpcrztloq shall at. any time
rell below fifty per oent ($O$) or the nuabcr
roqulred at the assosscxnt rate obarend to pay the
r?oxIaum benefit provihd by any one or its pol:oIos,
or oertlffaates, the oorporation shall~l~edlatsly
notlip the members 0: tho oorporatIoa;,and uulese
the uembcrshlp Is Incroasod tq said number within
EIX (6.) months thareattor, the Attorney Sonernl
shall takt steps under Seotlon 13 or thls Lot to :
brIcS about the llquldatlon or’ said oorporatlon.”
.
Seotlon 13 of said .QtIole Is, In pm,, .a8 rollowsr
“At any t1r.e the 30ar3 o$ Zssuranoe ComIs-
sionars, ai’ter Investl~atlon, shall ba sa~leiIe3
that aaJ: oorporatioa operating under the provi-
eions or this &at In this Stete IO Insolvent, *bow
cuse the denth 01eI.m due and unpaid vfldohhavb
zmtmed ‘under polIoIas written after suoh oorpora-
tlon complied with the tmzs of this Act exceed
th6 assets 0r the corporation and asseasrcp,nts or
perIodloal payments ceiled, or to b6 oall.ed, or IF.
the process 0r oollectIoz, or which axy reasonably
be nade egelnst tho membera subjeot to ussesaiZtnt,
or Sas eqxsded Its pomrs, :‘alird to comply with
amf provlolons or the lews or thla State appllca-
ble to It, or has a nmb,rrshIp of less than rive
hundred (500) payinS their assessments, tho i‘coard
ski&l1 rsport the fact to the .:ttOrney General Of this
State who shell thereupon apply to SW court In
Travis County &evinS jurlsdlctloa thereor for leave
to rile a cult in the nature of ‘quo warrant0 to for-
feit the oharter of such oorporation or to require
It to conply with the law or to SatISrY the SOard as
to Its solvenoy. . .v
._
The above quoted statUteo tuthorite the csekingof
perio;ilcsl P.SsL.Cazesnts upon tklo .?163iber’ROf oorpor~~tlons or-
sonfzed thereunder, eni it is o.ur oplnloa thct suah assess-zente
can be mid0 in my way dtdrea, thst is, onnutilly, quarterly,
rxmthly or othenvlse,‘ao ions as the required Sunda are eeoured;
but ;Ne Sind no authority Sor the deduction Sroa the lace mount
OS t&o policy ttie unpaid port of any tmnual aaeensmcat. xe
think this latter holdlnc is further supported by the prool-
sion in Zeotion 11, above set oat, to thr cftcct that thf: cor-
porutfOA so organlzcrd shall l*ooM’ino its operctlon to tho io-
sullnc6 of ocrtiflcatea looklag to oontlnuoao prbniua ;aymentn
Or ~SS~SSQ~ZStS&UrilltJ th0 Iii'0 ti716 Of 8. poli~gholdsr,” t?nri
It 1s clersr Srocn thls provision that the Lo&lnture did not
lnzend Sor ey ungald purt of an'atinaml asseaemmt to be
deduot6d Sron the Saoc amount 0,C the polioy eStor the. death
or the ins-ureb.
@tLole 6875a-l--b875a-31 (ChaptGr 9A, Title 78)
provides Sor the organization OS local mtual tid assoolotlons
psylf3.rbcnerlte where the Sun.ls are prooiiibd by eosesszmat of
the ziwi5ers ca needed.
Article &875a-5 outlines what mst be done in order
to or~cnlze a local nitua 1 al.? assooiatlon, but the latter part
o: S;lb-division (5) thereof ?rovidcs: “That the, prool&me of
t&lo SXOt~OA shall not asply to any lwal nutual eli tissocla-
Con SOWoc~zn?zed enl opzzatlng whose total ziecmberohip shall
at no tixe exceed Qaa Thi’uoaud (1,000) iaezbtjars and which shall
never char@ ror amual dl~a or asseaemnts in excess of Cm
(;1.30) 3ollar enok, ati wboso membership foes &.a11 at no
tic;e exceed Two Dollars cn3 Fifty Cents (32.50)..* Ye think it .
is a16ar fIDS6 thi8 prOViaiOn thfAt Said eXO8pted au800i0ti0n.5
cm not authorized to levy imnual ~sstmiments in advonoe a&almt
the polloio's of their aenbers..
c Article 4535a-1 is aS fOllWa:
@This Act shall spply to enp, r6,Wate the
buo1ness of looel nuttml aid oesooiationn oporat-
ins for the purpma of >rovldlng bsnetlt for ~em-
bum orid death benefit ror the benerl’olurles OS
doaoese~d members, on:1 s&i&l ooaprehend and include
ali cooietlos and aseoclotlons or any sort operat-
ing en insurance business and paylne suoh benelite
where runIds are providedtgl assesam6ats upon i;h%
members 88 needed, except thcqe herelnarter exewtod.*
fionorable C. P. Lockhart, page 10
Art1010 6875e-2 i8 00 rOmJ/S:
“Any person or i)6r36m ;!oslrlng to oqanlze
n .locnl autilul ol?l ussoclatlon to be opsrstsd
upm the usseammt 8s ncedod or slallvr glaa shall
be pcmltted to do so upon the. te,rzs and ootil-
tions herelndrter sst rorth. !I0 person, rim or
‘. oorparntlon shall hemafter operate I.? this State
auy sort 0r a 1006l Mutual aid soolety or assoclatlon
?c;yln& e %eath becsfit or othrr btn6tit.s an1 pro-
vldl~ its Pun& by assesments ES n6eded, exoept
under the provisloas hereo:, or under other spo-
olrlo p,-ovlslons of the laws OS this State.”
Article 6875~1-13 is 8-i r01iows:
The benefits to be puS& by sqotr essoclatlon
sixsll be dspea3ent upon cho mount reellzed Sroti
ass6ssnmts upon the mezbershlp, ti the certificates
issued shall so provide; and the ocrtltioatea shall
also state the mxinun to be ge?d..
krtlols 4875a-14 is as tallows:
“An c8soolatlon shall not lssu6 oertirloptes
-Wovldlxq for a level pre5lium or guaranteed benefits,
nor ror surrsnber of loan value8.~
Artlols 4675a-17is; in part,.as
rollowEl:
The S’unjs OS the assooletlon shall be derived
rro::: mezxbarshlp rees and enseescwats. Lssessments
shall be auUs upon the xtmberohip to wet brnetit
slalxs and for surplus runs and Sor erpctnses. Calls
tar esseossients mst epeclry the purpos6 for which
made. . .”
‘Eihlle there my be sme oo;:fllot between ths provisions
hsroinabova c;uotud to tha efiect t&t associations or~un1ze.d
under Chapter 92, shall sooum their fun::8 by assess08nts upon
the mnbera 89 nrs3ed end the provisions that asssssnents shell
also be cede upon the xeenber$hip for surplus Suds, it is QUr
opinion that the Le&slature intended to provide that a11 OS
such Sunis should be provided by essessmints 85 needed, whloh,
ln OUT opinion, means .by post-Etorten essessrients. Theretore,
it is olur opinion that any oozpani6s 0~ associations opertitia&
under said chapter 9A tsnd whioh were so Oporotl%3 at the tits0
Eoaorablo 0. P. Leokhart, pa80 ll
Art1010 ~068-1 beour lttootlro ore not outhorlmd to levy
baawl losomkoato la abvoaoo, with rorioloa that tho
o uua t
o r ma o l
huouaeato na yb8 p a16)
in p a r io b io~o~l
o o ~-
aoat8,
Thooo guolitioatioao 0r our aogativo aamor to roar
inquiry ua booo4 a t&o ooaolwloa that a0 l8ooouuat oaa
Y@
bo nod8 upon the po $8~ of an fn~uro6 oftor hi8 do&h, and
that ho would be require6 to w owh uoooomoato only until
tho tlu 0r hi0 do*U. or 00~00, ii u UUI~II. ~~000~84t
ho 8b o o n
a do aad th o a ir la 8 p a r t rhioh wa s
o r itunp a id
&AO prior to the do&h of a& inourdd; than tkat pwtioular
pod d&t bo doduotod from th* 1Caooouuat or tho polio
but our holdimg io that luoh goliorholbor oanaot bo nqu I'rod
to pay oay rrmmmat lxoopt thot whirl Qovoro llo iu a a
lower u until the tbo ot hlr dooth 6n4 t&at ,-no or nid
mm lut gorho
tho dodurtior 0r tmpd bot~lmoato 0r on
umuol rooomaoat ?roa tho taoo lnouat of tho golloy aftor
tho dooth of tho iaourod.
Truotiag that thio latiofootorlly laoworo rotu la-
wr?l, 1* -r