Maria Torres v. the Netherlands Insurance Company ( 2019 )

Affirmed and Opinion Filed May 14, 2019.
In The
Court of Appeals
Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
No. 05-18-00113-CV
MARIA TORRES, Appellant
V.
THE NETHERLANDS INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellee
On Appeal from the 191st Judicial District Court
Dallas County, Texas
Trial Court Cause No. DC-15-04747
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Before Justices Myers, Osborne, and Nowell
Opinion by Justice Nowell
This is an appeal from a no-evidence summary judgment that appellant take nothing in her
lawsuit seeking judicial review of the final decision of the appeals panel of the Texas Department
of Insurance, Division of Worker’s Compensation (Division). Maria Torres filed the lawsuit to
challenge the findings of the appeals panel and assert she was entitled to additional benefits for
her injuries. The Netherlands Insurance Co. filed a no-evidence motion for summary judgment
arguing Torres had no evidence she was entitled to additional benefits due to a compensable injury.
Torres did not file a response or offer any evidence to counter the no-evidence motion. The trial
court granted summary judgment. We conclude the trial court did not err by granting the no-
evidence motion for summary judgment and affirm the trial court’s judgment.
BACKGROUND
Torres worked for UBM Enterprises, Inc., which provided workers’ compensation
insurance through Netherlands. On August 9, 2013, Torres suffered a compensable injury in the
course and scope of her employment while lifting a heavy trash bag. Torres notified UBM of her
injuries and timely filed a claim for workers’ compensation benefits. Netherlands accepted
compensability for a cervical sprain only, while Torres claimed her injury extended to thoracic and
left wrist sprains, cervical intervertebral disc disease, and a left wrist contusion. The Division
appointed a doctor to determine Torres’s maximum medical improvement, impairment rating,
ability to return to work, and the extent of her compensable injury. Torres disagreed with the
doctor’s determinations and the Division held a benefit review conference in an attempt to mediate
a resolution of the disputed issues. The parties did not reach agreement and a contested case
hearing was held. After hearing from the parties and allowing a re-examination by the Division’s
doctor, the hearing officer rendered a decision that Torres had a disability resulting from a
compensable injury through a specific date, but not thereafter. The hearing officer determined the
compensable injury extended to a left wrist strain and contusion, but not to a thoracic sprain or
strain, left wrist sprain, or cervical intervertebral disc disease. The hearing officer ordered
Netherlands to pay benefits in accordance with his decision.
Torres appealed the decision to the appeals panel of the Division. The appeals panel
adopted the decision and findings of the contested case hearing officer. Torres timely filed this
lawsuit on April 27, 2015 seeking judicial review of the appeals panel decision. Almost two years
later, appellant’s attorney filed a letter notifying the trial court of a potential settlement and
requested the case be placed on the sixty-day dismissal docket pending completion of the
settlement. The settlement was never concluded, however. Appellant’s attorney withdrew from
the case by order dated June 6, 2017. Four months later, Netherlands filed a no-evidence motion
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for summary judgment. Netherlands argued Torres was not entitled to additional benefits because
she could present no evidence that: (a) she had disability resulting from the compensable injury
during the period February 24, 2014 to September 2, 2014 (date of the contested case hearing); (b)
she did not reach maximum medical improvement on December 23, 2013; (c) her impairment
rating is not one percent; and (d) the compensable injury of August 9, 2013 extends to include a
thoracic sprain or strain, a left wrist sprain, or cervical intervertebral disc disease. Torres did not
file a response to the motion. The trial court granted the no-evidence motion on November 28,
2017. Torres filed a motion to reinstate the case arguing she was “really hurt and the insurance
company should pay for all [her] damages.” The motion was overruled by operation of law and
Torres timely filed a notice of appeal.
Torres submitted several letters to this Court, which we construed as her appellate brief.
The clerk’s office notified her that her brief did not comply with the requirements of appellate rule
38.1 and requested an amended brief to correct the deficiencies. See TEX. R. APP. P. 38.1. We
then granted, at appellant’s request, two 60-day extensions to file a corrected brief. Appellant
again filed a letter vaguely describing her disagreement with the trial court and her unsuccessful
attempts to hire a lawyer. Appellant’s filings did not correct the deficiencies identified in the
clerk’s notice.
DISCUSSION
Torres is not represented by an attorney in this appeal. Pro se litigants, such as Torres, are
required to adhere to the rules of evidence and procedure, including the appellate rules of
procedure. See Bolling v. Farmers Branch Indep. Sch. Dist., 315 S.W.3d 893, 895 (Tex. App.—
Dallas 2010, no pet.). Pro se litigants will not be treated differently than a party who is represented
by a licensed attorney. Id. We construe liberally pro se pleadings and briefs; however, we hold
pro se litigants to the same standards as licensed attorneys and require them to comply with
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applicable laws and rules of procedure. In re N.E.B., 251 S.W.3d 211, 211–12 (Tex. App.—Dallas
2008, no pet.) (citing Mansfield State Bank v. Cohn, 573 S.W.2d 181, 184–85 (Tex. 1978)). To
do otherwise would give a pro se litigant an unfair advantage over a litigant who is represented by
counsel. Id. at 212.
Torres states in her letters that she lost her case because her lawyer “did not produce
sufficient evidence” and she was “not fairly judged.” Torres’s letters do not cite to the record or
to authority or argue how the trial court erred by granting the no-evidence motion for summary
judgment when no response was filed to the motion. She was advised of the defects in her filings
and given ample time to correct those deficiencies. She failed to do so.
After an adequate time for discovery, a party may file a no-evidence motion for summary
judgment stating there is no evidence of one or more essential elements of a claim or defense on
which the opposing party would have the burden of proof at trial. TEX. R. CIV. P. 166a(i). The
motion must state the elements as to which there is no evidence. The opposing party must then
present evidence that raises a genuine issue of material fact as to the challenged elements. Mack
Trucks, Inc. v. Tamez, 206 S.W.3d 572, 582 (Tex. 2006).
More than two years after this lawsuit was filed, Netherland filed a no-evidence motion for
summary judgment specifically challenging the evidence on several elements of Torres’s claim.
The record here shows no evidence was filed by Torres in response to the no-evidence motion.
Based on this record, the trial court did not err by granting the no-evidence summary judgment.
Tex. R. Civ. P. 166a(i) (“The court must grant the motion unless the respondent produces summary
judgment evidence raising a genuine issue of material fact.”). Therefore, we affirm the trial court’s
judgment.
CONCLUSION
Appellant failed to establish that the trial court erred by granting the motion for summary
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judgment. The trial court’s judgment is affirmed.
/Erin A. Nowell/
ERIN A. NOWELL
JUSTICE
180113F.P05
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Court of Appeals
Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
JUDGMENT
MARIA TORRES, Appellant On Appeal from the 191st Judicial District
Court, Dallas County, Texas
No. 05-18-00113-CV V. Trial Court Cause No. DC-15-04747.
Opinion delivered by Justice Nowell.
THE NETHERLANDS INSURANCE Justices Myers and Osborne participating.
COMPANY, Appellee
In accordance with this Court’s opinion of this date, the judgment of the trial court is
AFFIRMED.
It is ORDERED that appellee THE NETHERLANDS INSURANCE COMPANY
recover its costs of this appeal from appellant MARIA TORRES.
Judgment entered this 14th day of May, 2019.
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