Michael Don Denton v. State ( 2015 )

ACCEPTED
07-15-00181-CR
SEVENTH COURT OF APPEALS
AMARILLO, TEXAS
9/18/2015 11:05:31 AM
Vivian Long, Clerk
Nos. 07-15-00181-CR-& 07-15-00182-CR
IN THE FILED IN
7th COURT OF APPEALS
COURT OF APPEALS AMARILLO, TEXAS
9/18/2015 11:05:31 AM
FOR THE VIVIAN LONG
CLERK
SEVENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF TEXAS
AMARILLO, TEXAS
MICHAEL DON DENTON,
APPELLANT
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS
ON APPEAL IN CAUSE NOS. 18,607-B and 18,608-B
FROM THE 181st DISTRICT COURT
OF RANDALL COUNTY, TEXAS
HONORABLE JOHN BOARD, JUDGE PRESIDING
BRIEF FOR THE STATE OF TEXAS
JAMES A. FARREN
CRIMINAL DISTRICT ATTORNEY
RANDALL COUNTY, TEXAS
KRISTY WRIGHT
SBN 00798601
kwright@randallcounty.org
ASST. CRIMINAL DISTRICT ATTORNEY
2309 Russell Long Blvd., Suite 120
Canyon, Texas 79015
(806) 468-5570
FAX (806) 468-5566
ATTORNEYS FOR THE STATE
STATE REQUESTS ORAL ARGUMENT IF REQUESTED BY THE APPELLANT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INDEX OF AUTHORITIES 4
THE CASE IN BRIEF 5-6
STATE’S COUNTERPOINTS
COUNTERPOINT NO. 1
THE APPELLANT WAS NOT ASSESSED A $2,000 FINE AFTER SENTENCING.
ALTHOUGH THE APPELLANT PAID OFF A $2,000 FINE WHILE HE WAS ON
DEFERRED PROBATION IN 18,607-B, THE TRIAL JUDGE NEVER REASSESSED THE
$2,000 FINE AFTER ADJUDICATING GUILT AND SUCH FINE WAS NEVER INCLUDED
IN THE WRITTEN JUDGMENT.
COUNTERPOINT NO. 2
THE APPELLANT FAILED TO PRESERVE ISSUE TWO FOR APPELLATE REVIEW.
STATEMENT OF FACTS 7-12
COUNTERPOINT NO. 1
RESTATED 13
STATEMENT OF FACTS 13
SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT 13-14
ARGUMENT 14-16
COUNTERPOINT NO. 2
RESTATED 17
STATEMENT OF FACTS 17
SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT 17
ARGUMENT 17-24
2
PRAYER 25
CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE 25
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE 26
3
INDEX OF AUTHORITIES
TEXAS CASES
Guerrero v. State, 2015 WL 2266247 18, 20, 22
st
(Tex.App.—Houston [1 Dist.] 2015) (not designated for publication)
Johnson v. State, 2015 WL 5025653 18
th
(Tex.App.—Houston [14 Dist.] 2015) (not designated for publication)
Karenev v. State, 281 S.W.3d 428 18
(Tex.Crim.App. 2009)
Taylor v. State, 131 S.W.3d 497 14, 15
(Tex.Crim.App. 2004)
Thias v. State, 2014 WL 6556530 18
(Tex.App.—Amarillo 2014) (not designated for publication)
Thomas v. State, 445 S.W.3d 288 24
(Tex.App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2013, no pet.)
Wyatt v. State, 268 S.W.3d 270 18
(Tex.App.—Amarillo 2008, no pet.)
TEXAS STATUTES
Texas Local Government Code, Section 133.102 18, 24
Texas Local Government Code, Section 133.102(e)(7) 17, 18
Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 21.4(a) 20, 21, 23
Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 22.3 20, 21, 23
4
Nos. 07-15-00181-CR & 07-15-00182-CR
IN THE
COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE
SEVENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF TEXAS
AMARILLO, TEXAS
MICHAEL DON DENTON,
APPELLANT
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS
TO THE HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS:
Comes now, the State of Texas in the above styled and numbered causes
and files this brief in response to the brief of the Appellant, Michael Don Denton.
The appellant was convicted of the felony offenses of delivery of a controlled
substance (4 grams or more but less than 200 grams) in Cause Nos. 18,607-B and
18,608-B, in 181st District Court of Randall County, the Honorable John Board,
Judge presiding.
THE CASE IN BRIEF
THE CHARGES DELIVERY OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE (4
GRAMS OR MORE BUT LESS THAN 200 GRAMS) IN
CAUSE NOS. 18,607-B & 18,608-B
THE PLEAS GUILTY
THE VERDICTS (JUDGE) DEFERRED ADJUDICATION OF GUILT IN EACH CASE
THE PUNISHMENTS (JUDGE) FOUR (4) YEARS DEFERRED ADJUDICATION
PROBATION & A $2,000.00 FINE IN EACH CASE
5
VIOLATIONS OF PROBATION STATE FILED MOTIONS TO REVOKE ORDER
GRANTING UNADJUDICATED PROBATION
THE PLEAS APPELLANT PLED TRUE IN EACH CASE
THE PUNISHMENTS (JUDGE) PROBATED SENTENCE OF FOUR (4) YEARS
EXTENDED FOR ONE (1) MORE YEAR AND
APPELLANT ORDERED TO PARTICIPATE IN AND
COMPLETE COURT ORDERED RESIDENTIAL
TREATMENT (CRTC) IN EACH CASE
REVOCATIONS STATE FILED AN AMENDED MOTION TO REVOKE
ORDER GRANTING UNADJUDICATED PROBATION
IN EACH CASE
DISMISSALS STATE FILED A MOTION TO DISMISS AMENDED
MOTION TO REVOKE IN EACH CASE AND TRIAL
JUDGE DISMISSED BOTH MOTIONS
REVOCATIONS STATE FILED A MOTION TO REVOKE ORDER
GRANTING UNADJUDICATED PROBATION IN EACH
CASE
THE PLEAS APPELLANT PLED NOT TRUE TO THE ALLEGATIONS
IN THE STATE’S MOTION TO REVOKE IN 18,607-B
& 18,608-B. IN EACH CASE, STATE WAIVED
PARAGRAPHS 1 & 3. THE TRIAL JUDGE FOUND
PARAGRAPHS 2, 4, & 5 TO BE TRUE
THE PUNISHMENTS (JUDGE) TWENTY (20) YEARS IN PRISON IN EACH CASE. NO
FINE WAS ASSESSED. JUDGE ORDERED THE
SENTENCES IN 18,607-B AND 18,608-B TO RUN
CONCURRENTLY
6
STATEMENT OF FACTS
January 10, 2007 Indictment filed against appellant In 18,608-B for the
felony offense of delivery of a controlled substance (4
grams or more but less than 200 grams). (CR.I-18,608-B-
page 6)
February 7, 2007 Indictment filed against appellant in 18,607-B for the
felony offense of delivery of a controlled substance (4
grams or more but less than 200 grams). (CR.I-18,607-B-
page 6)
July 26, 2007 Appellant placed on 4 years deferred adjudication and
ordered to pay court costs and a $2,000 fine in both
18,607-B and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-pages 11-16, 19-
23); (CR.I-18,608-B-pages 11-16, 19-23). No appeal taken
from these proceedings. (CR.I-18,607-B-pages 17, 18);
(CR.I-18,608-B-pages 17, 18)
August 13, 2007 Bill of cost reflected that appellant owed a $2,000 fine
and a $133 consolidated court cost in both 18,607-B and
18,608-B. (SCR.I-18,607-B-page 4); (SCR.I-18,608-B-page
4)
February 10, 2009 State filed a motion to revoke order granting
unadjudicated probation in 18,607-B and 18,608-B.
(CR.I-18,607-B-pages 28-29); (CR.I-18,608-B-pages 28-
29)
March 18, 2009 Appellant paid off all of his fines and court costs in
18,607-B. (SCR.I-18,607-B-pages 29; 30-43; 44-51)
June 5, 2009 Judge signed a supplemental order in 18,608-B
amending the conditions of probation. (CR.I-18,608-B-
page 34). Judge extended the probationary period in
18,608-B for one year and ordered appellant to
7
participate in and complete CRTC. (CR.I-18,608-B-page
34).
June 9, 2009 Judge signed a supplemental order in 18,607-B
amending the conditions of probation. (CR.I-18,607-B-
page 34). Judge extended probationary period in
18,607-B for one year and ordered appellant to
participate in and complete CRTC. (CR.I-18,607-B-page
34).
August 11, 2009 State filed a motion to revoke order granting
unadjudicated probation in 18,607-B and 18,608-B.
(CR.I-18,607-B-page 36); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 36)
September 21, 2009 State filed an amended motion to revoke order granting
unadjudicated probation in 18,607-B and 18,608-B.
(CR.I-18,607-B-page 44); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 44)
January 27, 2010 Judge held a hearing in 18,607-B and 18,608-B on the
State’s amended motion to revoke dated September 21,
2009. (RR.II-6-125). The hearing was not completed on
this date and judge rescheduled the hearing for
February 24, 2010. (RR.II-110-111, 121, 123, 124);
(RR.III-5-7)
February 17, 2010 State filed a motion to dismiss the amended motion to
revoke dated September 21, 2009 in 18,607-B and
18,608-B. Judge dismissed the amended motions. (CR.I-
18,607-B-page 101); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 101)
February 17, 2010 State filed a motion to revoke order granting
unadjudicated probation in 18,607-B and 18,608-B.
(CR.I-18,607-B-pages 102-103); (CR.I-18,608-B-pages
102-103)
February 24, 2010 Judge held hearing in 18,607-B and 18,608-B on State’s
motion to revoke dated February 17, 2010. (RR.III-5).
8
However, trial counsel was not present at the hearing
because he had not “…been paid for the new motion….”
(RR.III-5). The trial judge rescheduled the hearing to
March 24, 2010. (RR.III-7)
March 24, 2010 Judge held a hearing in 18,607-B and 18,608-B on State’s
motion to revoke dated February 17, 2010. (RR.IV-6-
106). In both cases, State waived paragraphs 1 and 3 of
the motion to revoke. (RR.IV-44; 68). At the hearing,
Audra Laminack (a probation officer) testified that
appellant failed to submit to a urinalysis on February 2,
2010. (RR.IV-19, 21). In addition, Ms. Laminack testified
that appellant failed to provide her with a completed
physical (including results of a TB test) and paperwork
from Dr. William Kracke (detailing appellant’s diagnosis
and what medication he was on) by February 12, 2010.
(RR.IV-20-25; 31-32). After listening to all the evidence,
Judge found paragraphs 2, 4, and 5 to be true in both
18,607-B and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-pages 118-119);
(CR.I-18,608-B-pages 118-119); (RR.IV-68). Trial judge
later sentenced appellant to 20 years in prison in
18,607-B and 18,608-B and ordered the sentences to run
concurrently. No fines were assessed. (CR.I-18,607-B-
pages 118-119); (CR.I-18,608-B-pages 118-119); (RR.IV-
105-106)
March 29, 2010 A bill of cost reflected that appellant had not paid off the
$2,000 fine and a $133 consolidated court cost in
18,608-B. (SCR.I-18,608-B-page 29)
April 6, 2010 David Martinez was retained as appellate counsel in
each case. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 147); (CR.I-18,608-B-
page 147)
April 26, 2010 David Martinez filed motions for new trial in 18,607-B
and 18,608-B, which were overruled by operation of law.
9
(CR.I-18,607-B-pages 120-125); (CR.I-18,608-B-pages 10-
125).
May 5, 2010 David Martinez filed a notice of appeal in each case.
(CR.I-18,607-B-at 126); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 126)
August 11, 2010 David Martinez failed to file appellate briefs in 18,607-B
and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 147); (CR.I-18,608-B-
page 147)
September 7, 2010 David Martinez failed to file appellate briefs in 18,607-B
and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 147); (CR.I-18,608-B-
page 147)
September 27, 2010 David Martinez failed to file appellate briefs in 18,607-B
and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 147-148); (CR.I-
18,608-B-page 147-148)
October 8, 2010 18,607-B and 18,608-B were abated and remanded to
trial judge to determine whether appellant desired to
prosecute the appeals, whether David Martinez would
diligently pursue the appeals, and whether new counsel
should be appointed to pursue the appeals. (CR.I-
18,607-B-page 148); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 148)
October 14, 2010 David Martinez wrote appellant a letter advising him to
withdraw his direct appeals in 18,607-B and 18,608-B in
order to pursue a state writ of habeas corpus. (CR.I-
18,607-B-page 154); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 154)
October 21, 2010 Appellant signed an affidavit requesting to withdraw his
notice of appeal in 18,607-B and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-
B-page 148); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 148)
October 27, 2010 David Martinez filed a motion to dismiss the appeals in
18,607-B and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 149); (CR.I-
18,608-B-page 149)
10
October 28, 2010 Seventh Court of Appeals granted the motion and
dismissed the appeal in 18,607-B and 18,608-B. (CR.I-
18,607-B-page 149); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 149 )
June 22, 2011 A state habeas writ application was filed challenging the
conviction and sentence in 18,607-B and 18,608-B. (CR.I-
18,607-B-page 149); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 149)
September 21, 2011 Texas Court of Criminal Appeals denied the state habeas
writ application without written order in 18,607-B and
18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 149); (CR.I-18,608-B-page
149)
June 3, 2012 Appellant filed an additional pro se state habeas writ
application challenging his conviction and sentence in
18,607-B and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 149); (CR.I-
18,608-B-page 149)
August 1, 2012 Texas Court of Criminal Appeals dismissed the
appellant’s writ applications in 18,607-B and 18,608-B as
subsequent applications in violation of Article 11.07(4)
of the Texas Code of Criminal Procedure. (CR.I-18,607-
B-page 149); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 149)
September 1, 2012 Appellant filed a federal habeas writ application in
18,607-B and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 149); (CR.I-
18,608-B-page 149)
May 1, 2014 Evidentiary hearing was held on the federal writ
applications. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 150); (CR.I-18,608-B-
page 150)
March 17, 2015 United States District Judge conditionally granted the
appellant’s applications for a federal writ of habeas
corpus and ordered that his convictions in 18,607-B and
18,608-B be vacated unless the appellant is given out of
time appeals with the assistance of counsel within 60
11
days from the date of order. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 177);
(CR.I-18,608-B-page 177)
April 15, 2015 John Bennett appointed as appellate counsel in 18,607-B
and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 144); (CR.I-18,608-B-
page 144)
April 23, 2015 John Bennett filed notice of appeal in 18,607-B and
18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 145); (CR.I-18,608-B-page
145)
April 29, 2015 Appellant filed a pro se motion for new trial in each
case. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 163); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 163)
August 27, 2015 John Bennett filed his direct appeal in 18,607-B and
18,608-B
12
COUNTERPOINT NO. 1, RESTATED
THE APPELLANT WAS NOT ASSESSED A $2,000 FINE AFTER SENTENCING.
ALTHOUGH THE APPELLANT PAID OFF A $2,000 FINE WHILE HE WAS ON
DEFERRED PROBATION IN 18,607-B, THE TRIAL JUDGE NEVER REASSESSED THE
$2,000 FINE AFTER ADJUDICATING GUILT AND SUCH FINE WAS NEVER INCLUDED
IN THE WRITTEN JUDGMENT.
STATEMENT OF FACTS:
The State adopts and incorporates herein by reference for all purposes the
facts set forth in the “Statement of Facts” section of this brief at pages 7-12.
SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT
Issue One is based on a complete misrepresentation of the record. The
record in 18,607-B contained no evidence that the appellant was reassessed a
$2,000 fine on or after the March 24, 2010 proceeding (the date the appellant
was adjudicated guilty and given a prison sentence). Although the trial judge
imposed a $2,000 fine when the appellant was placed on deferred probation, the
trial judge never reassessed the $2,000 fine at the March 24, 2010 proceeding
and the written judgment contained no mention of such fine. Additionally, the
bill of costs does not show that the appellant was charged a $2,000 fine after
sentencing. The bill of costs merely shows that a $2,000 fine was charged, but
does not indicate when the fine was charged or when the appellant made
payments to the fine. More importantly, documents obtained from the Randall
13
County District Clerk’s office clearly show that the appellant paid off his $2,000
fine on March 18, 2009 (while he was still on deferred probation). Accordingly,
Issue One is without merit and should be denied.
ARGUMENT
In Issue One, the appellant alleges that a $2,000 fine was wrongfully
assessed in 18,607-B.1 (Appellant’s Brief at pages 18-20). According to the
appellant, the trial judge failed to orally pronounce this fine at the March 24,
2010 hearing (in which the appellant was adjudicated guilty and sentenced to
twenty years in prison). As support for his allegation, the appellant asserts that
the bill of costs reflects that the appellant continued to be charged the $2,000
fine after sentencing. (Appellant’s Brief at page 18). However, the State submits
that Issue One should be denied because the appellant misrepresents the record
and the claim has no merit.
In his brief, the appellant argues that a fine which is not orally pronounced
at sentencing (in this case sentencing occurred at the motion to proceed hearing
held on March 24, 2010) is wrongfully assessed and should be deleted from the
judgment. (Appellant’s Brief at pages 19, 21). The appellant cites to Taylor v.
1
Since the appellant only refers to 18,607-B in his facts and summary of the argument in Issue
One and since the appellant never refers to 18,608-B when discussing Issue One, the State’s
Counterpoint One will focus solely on the proceedings in 18,607-B. (Appellant’s Brief at pages
14, 18, 19-20).
14
State, 131 S.W.3d 497, 500 (Tex.Crim.App. 2004). The appellant’s interpretation
of the law is correct, but he completely distorts the record in order for the Taylor
case to apply to the facts of this case. As will be shown, the Taylor case is
inapplicable to 18,607-B.
Although the trial judge imposed a $2,000 fine when he placed the
appellant on deferred adjudication community supervision in 18,607-B, the trial
judge never reassessed a $2,000 fine after adjudicating guilt on March 24, 2010.
(CR.I-18,607-B-pages 11-16, 19-23; 118-119). The fine was not orally reassessed
at the March 24, 2010 proceeding and the written judgment contained no
mention of such fine. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 118); (RR.IV-105-106). In fact, the term
“N/A” was specifically stated under the section ordering a fine in the written
judgment. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 118); (RR.IV-105-106). Obviously, based on these
excerpts from the record, the trial judge never (by mere intention or otherwise)
reassessed a $2,000 fine on or after March 24, 2010 in 18,607-B. Accordingly,
Taylor does not apply to the facts of this case.
In making his argument, the only evidence the appellant relies on to
support his contention that he was charged a $2,000 fine after sentencing was a
bill of costs dated August 24, 2015. (Appellant’s Brief at page 14 and Appendix F).
However, the bill of costs dated August 24, 2015 merely shows that the appellant
15
was charged a $2,000 fine in 18,607-B and that he paid off such fine. (Appellant’s
Brief at Appendix F). The bill of costs does not state when the $2,000 fine was
assessed or on what dates the appellant made payments to the fine. Likewise,
none of the bill of costs contained in the record show that the appellant was
charged a $2,000 fine after sentencing. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 138); (SCR.I-18,607-B
at page 29). The appellant has drastically overreached and misrepresented the
record by making the following assertion—the bill of costs shows that he was
charged the $2,000 fine after sentencing. (Appellant’s Brief at pages 18-19).
Instead of overreaching, the appellant or his counsel should have requested
a payment transaction detail and/or payment receipts from the Randall County
District Clerk’s office in order to ascertain when the $2,000 fine was charged and
paid off. By doing so, the appellant and his counsel would have realized that the
appellant was charged the $2,000 fine on July 26, 2007 and paid off the fine on
March 18, 2009 (while he was still on deferred probation). (SCR.-I-18,607-B-pages
30-43; 44-51). It is reasonable to deduce from the record that the trial judge did
not reassess the $2,000 fine in 18,607-B because the appellant had already paid it
off prior to the March 24, 2010 proceeding. Accordingly, the allegations in Issue
One are frivolous, meritless, and should be denied.
16
COUNTERPOINT NO. 2, RESTATED
THE APPELLANT FAILED TO PRESERVE ISSUE TWO FOR APPELLATE REVIEW.
STATEMENT OF FACTS:
The State adopts and incorporates herein by reference for all purposes the
facts set forth in the “Statement of Facts” section of this brief at pages 7-12.
SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT
The appellant failed to preserve Issue Two for appellate review. In this
regard, the appellant had four opportunities to raise his as-applied constitutional
challenge regarding Section 133.102 of the Texas Local Government Code to the
trial judge and failed to do so. Hence, Issue Two was not preserved for appellate
review and should be denied.
ARGUMENT
Failure to Preserve Error for Appellate Review
In Issue Two, the appellant alleges that Section 133.102(e)(7) of the Texas
Local Government Code is unconstitutional as applied to him. (Appellant’s Brief
at pages 20-33). The appellant specifically asserts that he should not be required
to pay the portion of the $133 consolidated court cost assessed in 18,607-B and
18,608-B that was dedicated to the “operator’s and chauffeur’s license” (which
constitutes 11.1426 percent or $14.82 in each case). TEX. GOVT. CODE,
17
§133.102(e)(7); (Appellant’s Brief at pages 20-33). However, the appellant did not
preserve Issue Two for appellate review since he failed to present this claim to the
trial judge.
Any constitutional challenge to §133.102 of the Texas Local Government
Code must be raised to the trial judge or it is not preserved for appellate review.
See Karenev v. State, 281 S.W.3d 428, 434 (Tex.Crim.App. 2009); Wyatt v. State,
268 S.W.3d 270 (Tex.App.—Amarillo 2008, no pet.); Johnson v. State, 2015 WL
5025653 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2015) (not designated for publication);
Guerrero v. State, 2015 WL 2266247 (Tex.App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2015) (not
designated for publication); Thias v. State, 2014 WL 6556530 (Tex.App.—Amarillo
2014) (not designated for publication). In this case, the appellant attempts to
distinguish the Thias case based on the fact that it involved a facial challenge (as
opposed to an as-applied challenge). (Appellant’s Brief at page 22). However, this
Court specifically rejected such a distinction in Thias by stating it “matters not”.
Id. at page 2. Regardless of whether the constitutional challenge to §133.102
involves a facial or an as-applied challenge, the issue must first be raised to the
trial judge. Id.
Additionally, the appellant attempts to bypass the preservation issue by
arguing that he never had an opportunity to present Issue Two to the trial judge.
18
The appellant argues that he did not have an opportunity to inform the trial judge
about the $133 consolidated court cost because it was not included in a bill of
costs until after sentencing and no one made appellant or his counsel aware of
the $133 consolidated court cost. See (Appellant’s Brief at pages 21-23). Contrary
to the appellant’s argument, the State submits that the appellant or his counsel
could have easily learned about the $133 consolidated court cost by requesting a
transaction detail or a current bill of costs from the Randall County District Clerk’s
office.2 The State also submits that the appellant had four opportunities to raise
the as-applied constitutional challenge in Issue Two to the trial judge throughout
the proceedings in 18,607-B and 18,608-B and failed to do so.
First Opportunity to Raise Issue to Trial Judge
The first opportunity to raise Issue Two to the trial judge arose after the
appellant was placed on deferred probation (on July 26, 2007) in 18,607-B and
18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-pages 11-16, 18-23); (CR.I-18,608-B-at pages 11-16, 18-
23). In both cases, a bill of costs dated August 13, 2007 reflects that the appellant
was charged a $133 consolidated court cost. (SCR.I-18,607-B-pages 28; 44-51);
2
The appellant or his counsel should have known about the $133 consolidated court cost
because the appellant was directed in the order placing him on deferred probation in 18,607-B
and 18,608-B to set up payment arrangements for his fines and court costs at the Randall
County District Clerk’s office. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 20); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 20). The appellant
or his attorney could have easily obtained a transaction detail or a current bill of costs reflecting
the $133 consolidated court cost while making such payment arrangements.
19
(SCR.I-18,608-B-at pages 28; 34-38). Since the bill of costs is dated August 13,
2007, a reasonable deduction could be made that it was available for the
appellant or his counsel to view eighteen days after the appellant was placed on
deferred probation. Pursuant to Rules 21.4(a) and 22.3 of the Texas Rules of
Appellate Procedure, the appellant still would have had twelve days after the bill
of costs was made available to file a motion for new trial or a motion in arrest of
judgment (i.e., the deadline for the filing of these motions is thirty days from the
date the appellant was placed on deferred probation). By filing one of these
motions in 18,607-B and 18,608-B by the required due date, the trial judge could
have retained authority to reconsider the assessment of the $133 consolidated
court cost. See Guerrero v. State, supra. A review of the record, however, shows
that no such motions were ever filed within this time period. Hence, the appellant
had the opportunity to raise the constitutional challenge in Issue Two to the trial
judge in 2007 and failed to do so.
Second Opportunity to Raise Issue to Trial Judge
The second opportunity to raise Issue Two to the trial judge arose during
the motion to proceed hearing in 18,607-B and 18,608-B (which was held on
March 24, 2010). (RR.IV-6-106). As stated previously, the August 13, 2007 bill of
costs in 18,607-B and 18,608-B contained the $133 consolidated court cost.
20
(SCR.I-18,607-B-page 28); (SCR.I-18,608-B-page 28). The appellant was obviously
aware of the consolidated court costs by the March 24, 2010 hearing since these
costs were contained in the August 13, 2007 bill of costs and since the appellant
had already paid off all of the $133 consolidated court cost in 18,607-B by March
18, 2009.3 (CR.I-18,607-B-pages 11-16, 19-23); (CR.I-18,608-B-pages 11-16, 19-23);
(SCR.I-18,607-B-pages 28; 29; 30-43; 44-51); (SCR.I-18,608-B-page 28). Hence, the
appellant had the opportunity to raise the as-applied constitutional challenge in
Issue Two to the trial judge at the March 24, 2010 proceeding and again failed to
do so.
Third Opportunity to Raise Issue to Trial Judge
The third opportunity to raise Issue Two to the trial judge arose after the
March 24, 2010 proceeding. (RR.IV-68; 105-106). As established above, the
appellant was obviously aware by March 24, 2010 that a $133 consolidated court
cost was assessed in each case. Pursuant to Rules 21.4(a) and 22.3 of the Texas
Rules of Appellate Procedure, the trial judge would have had adequate time to
reconsider his ruling (including the assessment of a $133 consolidated court cost)
if the appellant had filed a motion for new trial or a motion in arrest of judgment
3
The record reflects that the appellant did not pay the fines and court costs in 18,608-B until
after the March 24, 2010 proceeding. (SCR.I-18,608-B-page 28-29; 30-33; 34-38). The appellant
obviously paid off the fines and court costs in 18,607-B before he began paying off the fines and
court costs in 18,608-B.
21
within thirty days after he was adjudicated guilty and sentenced to twenty years
in prison. See Guerrero v. State, supra. Although appellate counsel filed a motion
for new trial in 18,607-B and 18,608-B within thirty days after each sentence was
imposed, he failed to raise the as-applied constitutional complaint in the motions
for new trial. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 120-125); (CR.I-18,608-B-pages 120-125). The
motions for new trial were eventually overruled by operation of law. Appellate
counsel never filed a motion in arrest of judgment in either case within the
designated time period. Hence, the appellant had another opportunity in 2010 to
raise the constitutional challenge in Issue Two to the trial judge and failed to do
so.
Fourth Opportunity to Raise Issue to Trial Judge
The fourth and final opportunity to raise Issue Two to the trial judge arose
in 2015. In 2011, the appellant filed state habeas writ applications challenging his
conviction and sentence in 18,607-B and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 149);
(CR.I-18,608-B-page 149). The Texas Court of Criminal Appeals denied these writ
applications without written order. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 149); (CR.I-18,608-B-page
149). On September 1, 2012, the appellant filed federal habeas writ applications
in 18,607-B and 18,608-B. (CR.I-18,607-B-page 149); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 149).
The United States District judge conditionally granted the appellant’s federal writ
22
applications on March 17, 2015 and ordered that the convictions in 18,607-B and
18,608-B be vacated unless the appellant is afforded an out of time appeal with
assistance of counsel within 60 days from the date of the order. (CR.I-18,607-B-
page 177); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 177). On April 15, 2015, the trial judge appointed
John Bennett to represent the appellant on appeal in 18,607-B and 18,608-B. The
State submits that Mr. Bennett could have filed a motion for new trial or a motion
in arrest of judgment raising the constitutional complaint in Issue Two within
thirty days after he was appointed as appellate counsel. See Rules 21.4(a) and
22.3 of the Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure. No such motions were ever filed
by Mr. Bennett within this thirty day time period. Although the appellant filed pro
se motions for new trial on April 29, 2015, he failed to raise the as-applied
constitutional complaint asserted in Issue Two in his pro se motions. (CR.I-18,607-
B-page 163); (CR.I-18,608-B-page 163). Hence, the appellant had this final
opportunity in 2015 to raise Issue Two to the trial judge and failed to do so. Since
the appellant failed on four separate occasions to raise the as-applied
constitutional challenge to the trial judge, Issue Two was not preserved for
appellate review and should be denied.
Even though the appellant failed to preserve Issue Two for appellate
review, other avenues exist in which the appellant could still seek to raise his as-
23
applied constitutional claim regarding §133.102. The appellant could raise his
complaint in a habeas corpus proceeding or in a separate declaratory action. See
Thomas v. State, 445 S.W.3d 288, 291 (Tex.App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2013, no
pet.). However, as previously stated, the appellant’s failure to present the
complaint to the trial judge on four prior occasions prevents him from raising it
now on direct appeal.
In sum, the State submits that appellant or his counsel should have
obtained payment records (i.e., a transaction detail, payment receipts, and/or a
bill of costs) from the Randall County District Clerk’s office in 18,607-B and
18,608-B before writing his direct appeal. If these records were obtained, it
would have been apparent that the content of this brief is frivolous.
24
PRAYER
WHEREFORE, Premises Considered, the State prays that the relief
requested by the appellant be denied and that this Honorable Court affirm the
judgment of the trial judge in Cause Nos. 18,607-B and 18,608-B.
Respectfully submitted,
JAMES A. FARREN
CRIMINAL DISTRICT ATTORNEY
RANDALL COUNTY, TEXAS
s/ Kristy Wright
KRISTY WRIGHT
SBN: 00798601
kwright@randallcounty.org
Assistant Criminal District Attorney
Randall County Justice Center
2309 Russell Long Blvd., Suite 120
Canyon, Texas 79015
(806) 468-5570
FAX (806) 468-5566
CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE
I hereby certify that the word count of this entire brief is 4,664 words.
s/ Kristy Wright
KRISTY WRIGHT
25
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I hereby certify that a true copy of the foregoing State’s Brief has been
served on John Bennett, Attorney for Appellant (Michael Don Denton), P.O. Box
19144, Amarillo, Texas 79114, by depositing same in the United States mail,
postage prepaid on this 18th day of September, 2015.
s/ Kristy Wright
KRISTY WRIGHT
26