Johnnie Finch v. Billy Warren and Pamela Kirkpatrick ( 2001 )

NO. 12-01-00049-CV

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS

TWELFTH COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT

TYLER, TEXAS

JOHNNIE FINCH,

§ APPEAL FROM THE 87TH

APPELLANT

V.

§ JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT OF

BILLIE WARREN AND

PAMELA KIRKPATRICK,

§ ANDERSON COUNTY, TEXAS

APPELLEES

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PER CURIAM

Johnnie Finch ("Finch") appeals the trial court's decision to dismiss his pro se lawsuit under section 13.001 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code. In his one issue, Finch contends that the trial court abused its discretion by dismissing the case on the grounds that suit was barred by the statute of limitations. We affirm.

In February 29, 2000, Finch, an inmate, filed a pro se informa pauperis lawsuit against Billy Warren and Pamela Kirkpatrick, employees of the Institutional Division of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice, for tortious conversion of his personal property occurring in October of 1992. The trial court, relying on Section 14.005 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code, dismissed Finch's lawsuit because Finch had not filed it within thirty-one days of exhausting his administrative remedies under the prison grievance system. See Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 14.005(b) (Vernon Supp. 2001). Finch appealed, and this Court reversed and remanded the cause, holding that Section 14.005 was not applicable because Finch's cause of action had arisen before the effective date of Chapter 14 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code. Finch v. Warren, et. al., No. 12-00-00184-CV (Tyler Dec. 28, 2000, no pet.) (not designated for publication). This Court ordered that the trial court reconsider the matter under the law applicable at the time Finch's cause of action accrued, Chapter 13 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code.

On February 1, 2001, the trial court dismissed Finch's cause of action as frivolous or malicious pursuant to Section 13.001 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code because the two-year statute of limitations had expired before the suit was filed. See Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. §§ 13.001, 16.003(a) (Vernon Supp. 2001). Finch appeals, arguing that the trial court abused its discretion by dismissing his lawsuit under Chapter 13.

Section 13.001 provides that the court can dismiss as frivolous or malicious a cause in which an affidavit of inability to pay court costs has been filed if the claim has no arguable basis in law or in fact. See Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 13.001. When the trial court, as in the instant case, dismisses a cause without a fact hearing, the trial court could not have determined that the suit had no arguable basis in fact. See McDonald v. Houston Dairy, 813 S.W.2d 238, 239 (Tex. App.- Houston [1st Dist.] 1991, no writ). Therefore, in such a case, the issue is whether the trial court properly determined there was no arguable basis in law for the suit. Id.

The standard of review of a section 13.001 dismissal is whether the trial court abused its discretion. Berry v. Texas Dept. of Criminal Justice, 864 S.W.2d 578, 579 (Tex. App.- Tyler 1993, no writ). The test for abuse of discretion is whether the trial court acted without reference to any guiding rules and principles or whether the act was arbitrary and unreasonable. McDaniel v. Yarbrough, 898 S.W.2d 251, 253 (Tex. 1995); Downer v. Aquamarine Operators, Inc., 701 S.W.2d 238, 241-42 (Tex. 1985). A clear failure by a trial court to analyze or apply the law correctly is an abuse of discretion. McDaniel, 898 S.W.2d at 253. Under section 13.001, a trial court abuses its discretion if it dismisses a case that has an arguable basis in fact or law. Hector v. Thaler, 862 S.W.2d 176, 179 (Tex. App.- Houston [1st Dist.] 1993, no writ).

Finch contends that his cause of action is not barred by limitations because another lawsuit filed within the limitations period was pending until January of 2000, effectively tolling the statute of limitations and preventing him from filing the instant suit. We are unpersuaded. First, there is nothing in the record before us regarding the prior lawsuit other than Finch's own assertions in his petition and in his brief that such suit was litigated. The burden is on an appellant to demonstrate that the record supports his contentions and to make accurate references to the record to support his complaints on appeal. Casteel-Diebolt v. Diebolt, 912 S.W.2d 302, 305 (Tex. App.- Houston [14th Dist.] 1995, no writ); Brandon v. American Sterilizer Co., 880 S.W.2d 488, 493-94 (Tex. App.- Austin 1994, no writ). Furthermore, under the facts as Finch alleges them, the statute of limitations would not have been tolled. It is certainly true that where a person is prevented from exercising his legal remedy by the pendency of legal proceedings, the time during which he is thus prevented should not be counted against him in determining whether limitations have barred his right. Hughes v. Mahaney & Higgins, 821 S.W.2d 154, 157 (Tex. 1991) (legal malpractice in an underlying claim); see also Peterson v. Texas Commerce Bank-Austin, Nat. Ass'n, 844 S.W.2d 291, 294 (Tex. App.- Austin 1992, no writ) (a bankruptcy stay). However, Finch concedes that the present lawsuit arises out of the same tortious conduct complained of in the prior lawsuit. Rather than being "prevented from exercising his legal remedy" by the prior suit, Finch was, in fact, "exercising his legal remedy" by the prior suit. Therefore, we hold that the trial court did not abuse its discretion by dismissing Finch's cause of action as frivolous and malicious under Chapter 13 because it was barred by the statute of limitations. Finch's sole issue is overruled.

The judgment is affirmed.

Opinion delivered September 5, 2001.

Panel consisted of Davis, C.J., Worthen, J., and Griffith, J.  

(DO NOT PUBLISH)