Benjamin Deland White v. State ( 2013 )

NOS. 12-12-00332-CR
12-12-00345-CR
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
TWELFTH COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT
TYLER, TEXAS
BENJAMIN DELAND WHITE, § APPEALS FROM THE 114TH
APPELLANT
V. § JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT
THE STATE OF TEXAS,
APPELLEE § SMITH COUNTY, TEXAS
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Benjamin Deland White appeals his convictions for the offenses of engaging in organized
criminal activity (trial court cause number 114-0606-11, appellate cause number 12-12-00332-CR)
and aggravated robbery (trial court cause number 114-0607-11, appellate cause number
12-12-00345-CR). Appellant raises one issue on appeal relating to the imposition of court costs.
We modify and affirm as modified.
BACKGROUND
Appellant was charged by indictment for the offenseS of engaging in organized criminal
activity and aggravated robbery.1 On August 4, 2011, Appellant pleaded guilty to both offenses. The
trial court deferred a finding of guilt and placed Appellant on deferred adjudication community
supervision for a period of ten years in both cases.
The State filed an application to proceed to final adjudication in both cases on November 29,
2011, and amended its applications on July 27, 2012. On September 20, 2012, Appellant pleaded
1
See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 29.03(a)(2) (West 2011), § 71.02(a)(1) (West Supp. 2012).
“true” to the allegations in each of the State’s amended applications. The trial court found the
allegations to be “true,” revoked Appellant’s community supervision in each case, and adjudicated
Appellant guilty of engaging in organized criminal activity and aggravated robbery. The trial court
assessed punishment at twenty-five years of imprisonment, made an affirmative deadly weapon
finding, and ordered court costs paid in each case.
The judgment adjudicating guilt for engaging in organized criminal activity assessed $574.00
in court costs. The judgment adjudicating guilt for aggravated robbery assessed $584.00 in court
costs. At that time, the bill of costs was not in the record in either case.
SUFFICIENCY OF THE EVIDENCE SUPPORTING COURT COSTS
Appellant argues that the trial court erred by imposing court costs that were not supported by
the bill of costs and by ordering the court costs to be withdrawn from his inmate trust account. We
construe Appellant’s issue as a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence supporting court costs.
After Appellant filed his brief, the record in each case was supplemented with a bill of costs. See
Johnson v. State, No. 12-12-00289-CR, 2013 WL 3054994, at *2 (Tex. App.—Tyler June 19, 2013,
no pet.) (permitting supplementation of record with bill of costs and conducting sufficiency
analysis).2
Applicable Law
A challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence supporting court costs is reviewable on direct
appeal in a criminal case. See Armstrong v. State, 340 S.W.3d 759, 767 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011).3
We measure sufficiency by reviewing the record in the light most favorable to the award. Mayer v.
2
In his brief, Appellant argues that his due process rights were violated because the imposition of court costs
contained in the withdrawal order attached to the judgment was issued without informing him of the statutory basis of the
withdrawal. He contends that, because the bill of costs was not included in the record, he has no way to determine, or
challenge, whether the costs were correctly assessed. Because the record was supplemented with a bill of costs and the
basis for the costs imposed is now under review, we need not discuss Appellant’s due process argument. See TEX. R.
APP. P. 47.1; see also Cardenas v. State, No. 01-11-01123-CR, 2013 WL 1164365, at *7 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.]
Mar. 21, 2013, no pet.) (not yet released for publication).
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In its brief, the State argues that Appellant was required to preserve error in order to challenge the assessment
of costs and that Appellant is required to request that the bill of costs be included in the record. We disagree with both of
these contentions. A challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence need not be preserved at the trial level and is not waived
by the failure to do so. Mayer v. State, 309 S.W.3d 552, 555 (Tex. Crim. App. 2010); Cardenas, 2013 WL 1164365, at
*5. Furthermore, Article 103.006 of the code of criminal procedure does not condition the inclusion of a bill of costs in
the record upon a party’s request. The language of Article 103.006 makes the dissemination of a bill of costs mandatory
upon a criminal action’s transfer or appeal. See TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 103.006 (West 2006).
2
State, 309 S.W.3d 552, 557 (Tex. Crim. App. 2010); Cardenas v. State, No. 01-11-01123-CR, 2013
WL 1164365, at *6 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] Mar. 21, 2013, no pet.) (not yet released for
publication). Requiring a convicted defendant to pay court costs does not alter the range of
punishment, is authorized by statute, and is generally not conditioned on a defendant’s ability to pay.
See TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 42.16 (West 2006); Armstrong, 340 S.W.3d at 767; see also
Johnson, 2013 WL 3054994, at *3.
Discussion
The judgment adjudicating guilt for engaging in organized criminal activity reflects that the
trial court assessed $574.00 in court costs. The judgment includes a document identified as
“Attachment A Order to Withdraw Funds,” which states that Appellant has incurred “[c]ourt costs,
fees and/or fines and/or restitution” in the amount of $574.00. The bill of costs contained in the
supplemental record assesses $274.00 in court costs, but shows that the remaining balance is $173.24.
The evidence is insufficient to support the imposition of $574.00 in court costs. The evidence is
sufficient, however, to support the imposition of $173.24 in court costs—the remaining balance of the
properly assessed costs. See, e.g., Lack v. State, No. 12-13-00052-CR, 2013 Tex. App. LEXIS
9527, at *3-4 (Tex. App.—Tyler July 31, 2013, no pet. h.) (mem. op., not designated for publication);
Ashford v. State, No. 12-12-00373-CR, 2013 Tex. App. LEXIS 9115, at *5 (Tex. App.—Tyler July
24, 2013, no pet. h.) (mem. op., not designated for publication).
The judgment adjudicating guilt for aggravated robbery reflects that the trial court assessed
$584.00 in court costs. The judgment includes a document identified as “Attachment A Order to
Withdraw Funds,” which states that Appellant has incurred “[c]ourt costs, fees and/or fines and/or
restitution” in the amount of $584.00. The bill of costs contained in the supplemental record
assesses $284.00 in court costs, but shows that the remaining balance is $259.73. The evidence is
insufficient to support the imposition of $584.00 in court costs. The evidence is sufficient, however,
to support the imposition of $259.73 in court costs—the remaining balance of the properly assessed
costs. See, e.g., Lack, 2013 Tex. App. LEXIS 9527, at *3-4; Ashford, 2013 Tex. App. LEXIS 9115,
at *5. Accordingly, we sustain Appellant’s sole issue in part.
DISPOSITION
Having sustained Appellant’s sole issue in part, we modify the trial court’s judgment in both
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cause numbers.
In cause number 12-12-00332-CR, we modify the judgment adjudicating guilt to reflect that
the amount of court costs assessed is $173.24. See TEX. R. APP. P. 43.2(b). We also modify
Attachment A to delete the assessment of $574.00 and to state that the total amount of “court costs,
fees and/or fines and/or restitution” is $173.24. See Ballinger v. State, No. 12-12-00280-CR, 2013
WL 3054935, at *3 (Tex. App.—Tyler June 19, 2013, no pet.) (not yet released for publication). We
affirm the judgment of the trial court as modified in cause number 12-12-00332-CR. See TEX. R.
APP. P. 43.2(b).
In cause number 12-12-00345-CR, we modify the judgment adjudicating guilt to reflect that
the amount of court costs assessed is $259.73. See TEX. R. APP. P. 43.2(b). We also modify
Attachment A to delete the assessment of $584.00 and to state that the total amount of “court costs,
fees and/or fines and/or restitution” is $259.73. See Ballinger, 2013 WL 3054935, at *3. We
affirm the judgment of the trial court as modified in cause number 12-12-00345-CR. See TEX. R.
APP. P. 43.2(b).
JAMES T. WORTHEN
Chief Justice
Opinion delivered August 7, 2013.
Panel consisted of Worthen, C.J., Griffith, J., and Hoyle, J.
(DO NOT PUBLISH)
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COURT OF APPEALS
TWELFTH COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT OF TEXAS
JUDGMENT
AUGUST 7, 2013
NO. 12-12-00332-CR
BENJAMIN DELAND WHITE,
Appellant
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS,
Appellee
_____________________________________________________________________________
Appeals from the 114th Judicial District Court
of Smith County, Texas. (Tr.Ct.No. 114-0606-11)
_____________________________________________________________________________
THIS CAUSE came on to be heard on the appellate record and the briefs
filed herein; and the same being inspected, it is the opinion of the Court that the trial court’s
judgment below should be modified and, as modified, affirmed.
It is therefore ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that the trial
court’s judgment below be modified to reflect that the amount of court costs assessed is $173.24.
We also modify Attachment A to delete the assessment of $574.00 and to state that the total
amount of “court costs, fees and/or fines and/or restitution” is $173.24; and as modified, the trial
court’s judgment is affirmed; and that this decision be certified to the trial court below for
observance.
James T. Worthen, Chief Justice.
Panel consisted of Worthen, C.J., Griffith, J., and Hoyle, J.
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COURT OF APPEALS
TWELFTH COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT OF TEXAS
JUDGMENT
AUGUST 7, 2013
NO. 12-12-00345-CR
BENJAMIN DELAND WHITE,
Appellant
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS,
Appellee
_____________________________________________________________________________
Appeals from the 114th Judicial District Court
of Smith County, Texas. (Tr.Ct.No. 114-0607-11)
_____________________________________________________________________________
THIS CAUSE came on to be heard on the appellate record and the briefs
filed herein; and the same being inspected, it is the opinion of the Court that the trial court’s
judgments below should be modified and, as modified, affirmed.
It is therefore ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that the trial
court’s judgment below be modified to reflect that the amount of court costs assessed is $259.73.
We also modify Attachment A to delete the assessment of $584.00 and to state that the total
amount of “court costs, fees and/or fines and/or restitution” is $259.73; and as modified, the trial
court’s judgment is affirmed; and that this decision be certified to the trial court below for
observance.
James T. Worthen, Chief Justice.
Panel consisted of Worthen, C.J., Griffith, J., and Hoyle, J.
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