Yolanda Lynn Richmond v. State ( 2013 )

In The
Court of Appeals
Seventh District of Texas at Amarillo
No. 07-13-00042-CR
YOLANDA LYNN RICHMOND, APPELLANT
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, APPELLEE
On Appeal from the 100th District Court
Childress County, Texas
Trial Court No. 5441, Honorable Stuart Messer, Presiding
August 30, 2013
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Before QUINN, C.J., and CAMPBELL and PIRTLE, JJ.
Appellant Yolanda Lynn Richmond appeals from her jury conviction of the
offense of burglary of a habitation1 and the resulting sentence of twelve years of
imprisonment. Through one issue, appellant contends the trial court erred in revoking
her deferred adjudication community supervision, adjudicating her guilty of burglary of a
habitation and imposing the sentence noted. We will affirm.
1
Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 30.02 (West 2011).
Background
Appellant plead guilty to burglary of a habitation in May 2012 and was placed on
deferred adjudication community supervision for a period of four years. Her community
supervision was subject to certain terms and conditions.
In June 2012, five weeks into her community supervision, appellant’s community
supervision officer filed a violation report alleging she committed a new criminal offense
of assault against a family member, her grandmother. The next month, the State filed a
motion to adjudicate defendant’s guilt based on the single ground of the new assaultive
offense.
Appellant’s mother testified at the hearing, telling the court appellant asked her
for $50 for a phone card on June 10. She told appellant to call her grandmother for the
money. The grandmother came to the home and she and appellant argued. The
grandmother, according to appellant’s mother, was “real belligerent” and “real ugly”
toward appellant. She pushed appellant and appellant pushed her back into the wall,
causing a scratch to her elbow. Appellant’s mother testified the scratch was “bleeding”
but did not require medical attention. Appellant was “mad” and left the house before
police arrived.
The Childress police officer who wrote the report about the incident also testified.
He told the court he was dispatched to investigate an assault following a call to police
from appellant’s mother. He arrived about five minutes after the altercation concluded.
2
He found the grandmother upset and angry and wanting to press charges.2 The officer
observed she was “very short of breath,” she had “red marks on her upper chest area
close to her neck” and he believed “she had a few red marks on her arms.” Appellant’s
mother told him appellant had hit the grandmother.
Following presentation of the evidence, the trial court revoked appellant’s
deferred adjudication community supervision, adjudicated her guilty of burglary of a
habitation, and imposed sentence as noted. This appeal followed.
Analysis
On violation of a condition of community supervision imposed under an order of
deferred adjudication, the defendant is entitled to a hearing limited to the determination
by the court whether to proceed with an adjudication of guilt on the original charge. Tex.
Code Crim. Proc. Ann. art. 42.12, § 5(b) (West 2011). This determination is reviewable
in the same manner as a revocation hearing in a case involving "regular" community
supervision. Id.; Antwine v. State, 268 S.W.3d 634, 636 (Tex.App.—Eastland 2008, pet.
ref'd).
In an adjudication hearing, the State must prove by a preponderance of the
evidence that the defendant violated a term of her community supervision. Rickels v.
State, 202 S.W.3d 759, 763-64 (Tex.Crim.App. 2006); Antwine, 268 S.W.3d at 636. A
preponderance of the evidence means "that greater weight of the credible evidence
which would create a reasonable belief that the defendant has violated a condition of his
probation." Rickels, 202 S.W.3d at 763-64 (citation omitted). See also Ex parte Doan,
2
She later filed an affidavit of non-prosecution.
3
369 S.W.3d 205, 208 (Tex.Crim.App. 2012) (reexamining nature of revocation
hearings); Leonard v. State, 385 S.W.3d 570 (Tex.Crim.App. 2012) (citing Doan for
proposition that Texas Rules of Evidence apply fully in a revocation proceeding);
Rhodes v. State, No. 06-12-00144-CR, 2013 Tex.App. LEXIS 5218, at *5 (Tex.App.—
Texarkana April 30, 2013) (mem. op., not designated for publication) (noting same).
Ultimately, we review the trial court's decision regarding community supervision
revocation for an abuse of discretion and examine the evidence in a light most favorable
to the trial court's order. Garrett v. State, 619 S.W.2d 172, 174 (Tex.Crim.App. 1981).
The trial judge is the trier of fact and the arbiter of the credibility of the testimony during
a hearing on a motion to adjudicate. Id. at 174.
Proof of violation of a single condition of community supervision is a sufficient
basis on which to proceed to adjudication. Antwine, 268 S.W.3d at 636; see Butler v.
State, No. 07-11-00008-CR, 2011 Tex.App. LEXIS 7580 (Tex.App.-Amarillo Sept. 16,
2011, pet. ref'd) (mem. op., not designated for publication) (applying Antwine).
Appellant argues the State failed to prove she committed assault. Specifically,
appellant argues there was no proof her grandmother sustained “bodily injury.” As part
of her argument, she notes her mother testified the grandmother did not require medical
treatment.
The State’s motion to adjudicate alleged appellant violated a condition of her
community supervision by intentionally, knowingly or recklessly causing bodily injury to
her grandmother by striking her. See Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 22.01 (West 2011)
4
(offense of assault). “Bodily injury” includes physical pain, illness, or any impairment of
physical condition. Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 1.07(a)(8) (West 2011).
No direct evidence that a victim suffered pain is necessary to prove the bodily
injury element of assault. A fact finder is permitted to draw reasonable inferences from
the evidence, including an inference that the victim suffered pain as a result of her
injuries. Goodin v. State, 750 S.W.2d 857, 859 (Tex.App.—Corpus Christi 1988, pet.
ref’d). The existence of a cut, bruise, or scrape on the body is sufficient evidence of
physical pain necessary to establish the requisite “bodily injury.” Bolton v. State, 619
S.W.2d 66, 167 (Tex.Crim.App. 1981); Arzaga v. State, 86 S.W.3d 767, 778 (Tex.Ap.—
El Paso 2002, no pet.).
When viewed in the light most favorable to the verdict, the evidence was
sufficient under the preponderance of the evidence standard for the trial court to find
appellant caused her grandmother bodily injury. Appellant’s mother testified she saw a
bleeding scrape on the grandmother’s elbow. She also noted the grandmother had a
difficult time breathing after the incident due to her asthma. The officer testified the
grandmother was upset and angry, had red marks near her neck and on her arms. He
also observed she was “very short of breath.” Thus, despite the testimony the
grandmother did not require medical attention that day, the court reasonably could have
inferred from the testimony she suffered physical pain. Arzaga, 86 S.W.3d at 778-79;
Goodin, 750 S.W.2d at 859; see also Whitworth v. State, No. 12-10-00038-CR, 2010
Tex. App. LEXIS 7191 (Tex.App.--Tyler Sept. 1, 2010, no pet.) (mem. op., not
designated for publication).
5
The trial court did not abuse its discretion by finding appellant committed the new
offense of assault in violation of the condition of her deferred adjudication community
supervision requiring that she commit no new offense, revoking her community
supervision, and adjudicating her guilty of the original offense. We overrule appellant’s
sole issue on appeal and affirm the judgment of the trial court.
James T. Campbell
Justice
Do not publish.
6