Mark Anthony Taylor v. State ( 2010 )

NO. 07-08-00308-CR
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SEVENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS
AT AMARILLO
PANEL B
JULY 13, 2010
MARK ANTHONY TAYLOR, APPELLANT
v.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, APPELLEE
FROM THE 251ST DISTRICT COURT OF RANDALL COUNTY;
NO. 16,410-C; HONORABLE ANA ESTEVEZ, JUDGE
Before QUINN, C.J., and CAMPBELL and HANCOCK, JJ.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Appellant, Mark Anthony Taylor, appeals his conviction for the offense of
aggravated assault with an affirmative deadly weapon finding1 and sentence of nine
years incarceration in the Institutional Division of the Texas Department of Criminal
Justice. Specifically, appellant challenges the trial court’s affirmative finding of a deadly
weapon and requests reformation of the judgment to delete such finding. We affirm the
judgment of the trial court.
1
See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 22.02(a) (Vernon Supp. 2009).
Background
In 2004, appellant was indicted for the offense of aggravated assault. The
indictment alleged that appellant intentionally and knowingly caused bodily injury to
Micha Dawn Tarver, by striking her with his fist, and that he used or exhibited a deadly
weapon in the commission of the offense, specifically referencing his fist. The
indictment also included a specific notice of the State’s intent to seek an affirmative
finding of a deadly weapon, which again identified appellant’s fist as the deadly weapon.
Prior to trial on the indicted offense, appellant and the State reached a plea
agreement. As a result of and in accordance with this plea agreement, appellant signed
a judicial confession that he committed the offense of aggravated assault “exactly as
charged in the indictment,” and the State recommended that appellant be placed on
deferred adjudication community supervision for a period of five years and fined $2,000.
The trial court admonished appellant and placed appellant on deferred adjudication
community supervision in accordance with the plea agreement between appellant and
the State. Notably, no mention of any deadly weapon finding was made during this plea
hearing. No appeal was taken from this proceeding.
In 2006, the State moved to proceed to an adjudication of guilt alleging that
appellant had violated the terms of his community supervision. After a hearing on this
motion, appellant was continued on deferred adjudication community supervision, but
the term of his community supervision was modified and extended for two additional
years.
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In 2008, the State again filed a motion to proceed to adjudication of guilt alleging
that appellant had violated the terms of his deferred adjudication community
supervision. A hearing was held on this motion. During this hearing, the trial court
asked appellant if he was the same person that had pled guilty to the offense of
aggravated assault with a deadly weapon to which appellant responded in the
affirmative. Appellant pled true to the allegations contained in the motion to proceed to
adjudication. The trial court found that there was sufficient evidence of the alleged
violations, adjudicated appellant guilty of aggravated assault, made an affirmative
deadly weapon finding, and sentenced appellant to incarceration for a period of nine
years. Appellant timely appealed from this judgment.
By one issue, appellant contends that the trial court erred in making an
affirmative finding that appellant used or exhibited a deadly weapon when the weapon
alleged is not deadly per se, and is neither mentioned in the written plea agreement nor
in the trial court’s oral recitation of the terms of the plea agreement.
Analysis
Appellant contends that neither the written plea agreement nor the trial court’s
oral recitation of the terms of that agreement referenced appellant’s use or exhibition of
a deadly weapon in committing the aggravated assault. Therefore, according to
appellant, his plea agreement did not include the trial court’s affirmative finding of a
deadly weapon. Further, appellant contends that the trial court must have ratified
appellant’s construction of the agreement as not including a deadly weapon finding
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when the trial court’s oral recitation of the terms of the agreement omitted any mention
of a deadly weapon finding.
A plea bargain may limit a trial court’s authority to enter a deadly weapon finding.
This is so because, once a trial court has accepted the plea agreement, the court has a
“ministerial, mandatory, and non-discretionary duty to specifically enforce” the terms of
the agreement. Perkins v. Court of Appeals for the Third Supreme Judicial Dist. of Tex.,
738 S.W.2d 276, 285 (Tex.Crim.App. 1987). In performing this duty, the court’s
“primary concern is to ascertain and give effect to the parties’ intentions as expressed in
the instrument.” Hatley v. State, 206 S.W.3d 710, 718 (Tex.App.—Texarkana 2006, no
pet.). Reviewing courts “will not disturb the terms of [a plea] agreement by reading into
it details not contemplated by the parties as reflected in the agreement or raised by the
evidence.” Ex parte Williams, 758 S.W.2d 785, 786 (Tex.Crim.App. 1988).
In the present case, the record reflects that the parties’ plea agreement did not
contemplate that an eventual adjudication of appellant’s guilt would foreclose an
affirmative finding of a deadly weapon. First, the indictment of appellant for the
aggravated assault on Tarver specifically alleged that he used a deadly weapon and,
further, includes a separate notice of the State’s intent to seek a deadly weapon finding.
Second, nothing in the plea agreement indicates that the State intended to withdraw its
request for a deadly weapon finding. Third, the judicial confession appellant signed
stated that he committed the offense “exactly as charged in the indictment.” Fourth,
during the 2004 hearing, appellant testified that he had reviewed the indictment and had
committed each of the elements alleged in the indictment. Finally, during the 2008
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hearing, appellant testified that he was the same person that had pled guilty to the
offense of aggravated assault with a deadly weapon in November of 2004. Clearly, the
record reflects that appellant was, from the outset, aware that the State was seeking an
affirmative finding of a deadly weapon in this case and we will not read into the parties’
agreement a term that was not addressed in the agreement and which all of the
evidence indicates was not intended to be affected by the agreement.
Additionally, even were we to find that the parties intended to foreclose an
affirmative deadly weapon finding in an eventual adjudication of appellant’s guilt, such a
term of the agreement would have been unenforceable. Upon deciding to proceed to
an adjudication of guilt, the trial court is not bound by the terms of a prior plea bargain
agreement, even if the plea agreement contemplated limiting the sentence to be
assessed after adjudication. Ex parte Huskins, 176 S.W.3d 818, 819 (Tex.Crim.App.
2005). This is so because, “once the trial court proceeds to adjudication, it is restricted
in the sentence it imposes only by the relevant statutory limits.” Id. (quoting Von
Schounmacher v. State, 5 S.W.3d 221, 223 (Tex.Crim.App. 1999)).
Consequently, we overrule appellant’s sole appellate issue.
Conclusion
For the foregoing reasons, we overrule appellant’s issue and affirm the judgment
of the trial court.
Mackey K. Hancock
Justice
Do not publish.
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