Terrance Garrido v. State ( 2020 )

Modify, and Affirm as Modified; Opinion Filed March 26, 2020
In The
Court of Appeals
Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
No. 05-19-00209-CR
No. 05-19-00210-CR
TERRANCE GARRIDO, Appellant
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee
On Appeal from the 265th Judicial District Court
Dallas County, Texas
Trial Court Cause Nos. F-1735291-R, F-1835443-R
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Before Justices Partida-Kipness, Nowell, and Evans
Opinion by Justice Nowell
Terrance Garrido appeals the trial court’s revocation of community supervision and
assessment of terms of confinement in each of two cases. In three issues, appellant argues the trial
court’s sentences violate the objectives of the system of prohibitions, penalties, and correctional
measures of the Texas Penal Code, and he requests we delete duplicative costs from the judgment
in trial court cause number F-1835443-R. In response, the State argues the trial court did no err
by imposing custodial sentences, but concedes the duplicative court costs should be deleted. We
affirm the trial court’s judgment in trial court cause number F-1735291-R. We modify the trial
court’s judgment in trial court cause number F-1835443-R and affirm as modified.
On October 25, 2018, appellant pleaded guilty to harassment of a public servant (trial court
cause number F-1735291-R). On December 11, 2018, appellant pleaded guilty to attempting to
take a weapon from a peace officer (trial court cause number F-1835443-R). In each case, the trial
court accepted appellant’s plea and placed him on deferred adjudication community supervision.
Subsequently, the State filed motions to revoke asserting appellant violated three terms of his
community supervision, including that appellant failed to participate in substance abuse treatment.
Appellant pleaded true to the allegations in the motion. Although the State made an offer for
appellant to participate in a different treatment program instead of proceeding with the motions to
revoke, appellant rejected that offer.
At the revocation hearing on February 7, 2019, appellant testified he withdrew from the
inpatient drug treatment facility he was attending after he refused to exit the building during a fire
drill and responded to a staff member with inappropriate language. Appellant was not permitted
to return to the program. He further acknowledged that he rejected the State’s offer that he attend
a different inpatient rehabilitation program. Although appellant asked the trial court to extend the
community supervision and permit him to seek outpatient treatment, the court assessed terms of
confinement in each case. This appeal followed.
In his first issue, appellant asserts the trial court abused its discretion by sentencing him to
incarceration for a term of four years for harassment of a public servant and a term of eighteen
months for attempting to take a weapon from a peace officer. Citing section 1.02(1)(B) of the
penal code, he argues the punishments violate the code’s objectives. Specifically, appellant asserts
he struggles with alcohol and marijuana addictions and, rather than addressing his addictions, the
terms of incarceration assessed by the trial court are “merely punitive.” Texas Penal Code section
1.02, titled “Objectives of Code,” lists multiple objectives, including to “insure the public safety”
through deterrent influences of penalties, rehabilitation of those convicted, and punishment as may
be necessary to prevent likely recurrence of criminal behavior. See TEX. PENAL CODE § 1.02(1).
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We “give a great deal of discretion to a trial judge’s determination of the appropriate
punishment in any given case.” Foster v. State, 525 S.W.3d 898, 911 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2017,
pet. ref’d) (citing Jackson v. State, 680 S.W.2d 809, 814 (Tex. Crim. App. 1984)); see also Tapia
v. State, 462 S.W.3d 29, 46 (Tex. Crim. App. 2015) (trial judge has wide latitude to determine
appropriate sentence). Generally, as long as the sentence is within the proper range of punishment,
it will not be disturbed on appeal. Foster, 525 S.W.3d at 911 (citing Jackson, 680 S.W.2d 814).
Although appellant argues the trial court abused its discretion by not ordering him to attend
outpatient rehabilitation after he failed to complete the inpatient program to which he had been
assigned, he concedes the assessed sentences are within the statutory ranges. Given the
circumstances of appellant’s failure to comply with the terms of his community supervision, which
required he complete rehabilitation, and because his sentences are within the statutory range, we
cannot conclude the trial court abused its discretion or appellant’s sentences violate the penal
code’s objectives listed in section 1.02.
To the extent appellant also argues the sentences are not proportionate to the seriousness
of the underlying offenses, he did not raise this argument in the trial court and has not preserved
this argument for appeal. See TEX. R. APP. P. 33.1(a); see also Hornsby v. State, No. 05-18-00479-
CR, 2019 WL 3315448, at *2 (Tex. App.—Dallas July 24, 2019, pet. ref’d).
We overrule appellant’s first and second issues.
In his third issue, appellant argues the Court should delete duplicative costs from the
judgment in trial court cause number F-1835443-R because the trial court improperly assessed
costs more than once when disposing of multiple cases in a single criminal action. The State agrees
this Court should modify the judgment in trial court cause number F-1835443-R to delete $299 in
duplicative court costs.
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Appellate courts may modify a trial court’s judgment and affirm it as modified. See TEX.
R. APP. P. 43.2(b); Bigley v. State, 865 S.W.2d 26, 27–28 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993). This Court
“has the power to correct and reform the judgment of the court below to make the record speak the
truth when it has the necessary data and information to do so.” Asberry v. State, 813 S.W.2d 526,
529 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1991, writ ref’d). Appellate courts may reform trial court judgments
where “the evidence necessary to correct the judgment appears in the record.” Id. If a clerical
error in the trial court’s judgment is brought to our attention, we have a “mandatory duty” to correct
it. Id.
“In a single criminal action in which the defendant is convicted of two or more offenses or
of multiple counts of the same offense, the court may assess each court cost or fee only once
against the defendant.” TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 102.073(a). For purposes of this rule,
a person convicted of more than one offense in the same trial is convicted of those offenses in a
“single criminal action.” Burton v. State, No. 05-18-00608-CR, 2019 WL 3543580, at *3 (Tex.
App.—Dallas Aug. 5, 2019, no pet.) (citing Hurlburt v. State, 506 S.W.3d 199, 201–04 (Tex.
App.—Waco 2016, no pet.)). When two or more convictions arise from a single criminal action,
“each court cost or fee the amount of which is determined according to the category of offense
must be assessed using the highest category of offense that is possible based on the defendant’s
convictions.” TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 102.073(b). A claim challenging the bases of
assessed court costs can be raised for the first time on appeal. Johnson v. State, 423 S.W.3d 385,
390–91 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014); see also Burton, 2019 WL 3543580, at *3.
The record shows the trial court assessed court costs of $549 in its cause number F-
1735291-R and court costs of $299 in its cause number F-1835443-R even though the cases were
tried together. Reviewing the “Criminal Court Fee Docket” sheet for each case and finding that
the fees charged in trial court cause number F-1835443-R were also assessed in trial court cause
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number F-1735291-R it is clear that $299 of these costs are duplicative. Therefore, we sustain
appellant’s third issue and modify the judgment in trial court cause number F-1835443-R to delete
the $299 in duplicative court costs.
We affirm the trial court’s judgment in trial court cause number F-1735291-R. We modify
the trial court’s judgment in trial court cause number F-1835443-R to delete the $299 in duplicative
court costs and affirm as modified.
/Erin A. Nowell/
ERIN A. NOWELL
JUSTICE
Do Not Publish
TEX. R. APP. P. 47.2(b)
190209F.U05
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Court of Appeals
Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
JUDGMENT
TERRANCE GARRIDO, Appellant On Appeal from the 265th Judicial District
Court, Dallas County, Texas
No. 05-19-00209-CR V. Trial Court Cause No. F-1735291-R.
Opinion delivered by Justice Nowell.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee Justices Partida-Kipness and Evans
participating.
Based on the Court’s opinion of this date, the judgment of the trial court is AFFIRMED.
Judgment entered this 26th day of March, 2020.
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Court of Appeals
Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
JUDGMENT
TERRANCE GARRIDO, Appellant On Appeal from the 265th Judicial District
Court, Dallas County, Texas
No. 05-19-00210-CR V. Trial Court Cause No. F-1835443-R.
Opinion delivered by Justice Nowell.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee Justices Partida-Kipness and Evans
participating.
Based on the Court’s opinion of this date, the judgment of the trial court is MODIFIED
as follows:
DELETE Court Costs in the amount of $299. Show Court Costs of “N/A.”
As REFORMED, the judgment is AFFIRMED.
Judgment entered this 26th day of March, 2020.
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