Rudolph Resendez, Jr. v. State of Texas, Greg Abbott, Jesus M. Peralta, William Stephens, Sylvia A. Cortez, David Baker, and Joe Penn ( 2020 )

Fourth Court of Appeals
San Antonio, Texas
MEMORANDUM OPINION
No. 04-19-00595-CV
Rudolph RESENDEZ, Jr.,
Appellant
v.
STATE of Texas, Greg Abbott, Jesus M. Peralta, William Stephens, Sylvia A. Cortez, David
Baker, and Joe Penn
Appellees
From the 218th Judicial District Court, Karnes County, Texas
Trial Court No. 15-10-00236-CVK
Honorable H. Paul Canales, Judge Presiding
PER CURIAM
Sitting: Luz Elena D. Chapa, Justice
Irene Rios, Justice
Beth Watkins, Justice
Delivered and Filed: January 15, 2020
DISMISSED FOR WANT OF JURISDICTION
In this civil appeal, Rudolph Resendez, Jr. appeals two August 2, 2019 orders denying his
motion for injunctive relief and motion for new trial. We dismiss this appeal for want of
jurisdiction.
PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
Resendez is incarcerated at the Texas Department of Criminal Justice’s John B. Connally
Unit in Karnes County. On October 1, 2015, Resendez sued several defendants for allegedly
violating his civil rights. On May 30, 2017, most of the defendants jointly filed a motion for
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summary judgment under seal. 1 On June 23, 2017, the trial court heard the motion. According to
Resendez, at the June 23, 2017 hearing, the trial court ruled the summary judgment motion would
be granted.
On September 14, 2017, the trial court signed an order granting the summary judgment
motion. The summary judgment order dismissed Resendez’s causes of action with prejudice and
states, “This is a final judgment and disposes of all issues and parties in this case.” Although the
trial court signed the summary judgment order on September 14, 2017, the order was not filed with
the trial court clerk for over one year.
On October 10, 2017, Resendez filed a notice of appeal in this court, stating he desired to
appeal a summary judgment order the trial court rendered at a June 23, 2017 hearing. The appeal
was docketed in this court as cause number 04-17-00648-CV.
On November 28, 2017, the clerk’s record was filed in cause number 04-17-00648-CV.
Because the September 14, 2017 summary judgment order had not yet been filed with the trial
court clerk, this court issued a show cause order, stating it appeared we lacked jurisdiction because
the trial court had not signed a final judgment. Resendez filed a response stating we should
consider the trial court’s ruling at the June 23, 2017 summary judgment hearing to be the final,
appealable judgment. On January 24, 2018, this court dismissed Resendez’s appeal. Resendez filed
a petition for review, which the Supreme Court of Texas denied.
On September 17, 2018, the summary judgment order was filed with the trial court clerk.
On October 1, 2018, Resendez filed a motion arguing he was entitled to a new trial because
the trial court signed the final summary judgment order on September 14, 2017, but did not file
the signed summary judgment order. On February 25, 2019, Resendez filed a motion for injunction
1
Greg Abbott was not listed as a party in the summary judgment motion.
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in the underlying case, seeking his release from prison. The trial court denied both motions on
August 2, 2019, with written orders.
On September 3, 2019, Resendez filed the current notice of appeal, stating he desired to
appeal the two August 2, 2019 orders. The clerk’s record was filed, but did not contain any filings
in the case before January 2019. On September 18, 2019, we issued a show cause order, again
notifying Resendez that this court lacks jurisdiction over this appeal because there was no signed
final judgment. Resendez filed a response, submitting a copy of the trial court’s September 14,
2017 final summary judgment order.
On October 7, 2019, we ordered the trial court clerk to file a supplemental clerk’s record
containing all items required to be contained in the clerk’s record. A supplemental clerk’s record
was filed, but did not contain the trial court’s September 14, 2017 final summary judgment order.
On October 21, 2019, the trial court clerk filed a second supplemental clerk’s record containing
the trial court’s September 14, 2017 final summary judgment order. The final summary judgment
order contained in the certified clerk’s record shows the final summary judgment order was indeed
signed on September 14, 2017, but not filed until over a year later on September 17, 2018.
ANALYSIS
The one-year delay in filing the final summary judgment order in the underlying case
prevented this court from properly determining whether it had jurisdiction over Resendez’s first
appeal. See Resendez v. State, No. 04-17-00648-CV, 2018 WL 521713, at *1 (Tex. App.—San
Antonio Jan. 24, 2018, pet. denied) (mem. op.). Because the signed final summary judgment order
was not timely made part of the clerk’s record, this court concluded Resendez’s “notice of appeal
was prematurely filed, and we lack jurisdiction over this appeal.” Id.
Moreover, because the trial court signed the final summary judgment order on September
14, 2017, the trial court lost plenary power over the case in 2017. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 329b(d).
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Consequently, any subsequent judicial action relating to the merits of this case, taken after the
court’s plenary power expired, was a nullity and not an appealable final judgment. See State ex
rel. Latty v. Owens, 907 S.W.2d 484, 486 (Tex. 1995) (per curiam).
The one-year delay in filing the final summary judgment order deprived Resendez of his
right of appeal. The one-year delay also caused Resendez to unknowingly pursue relief in the trial
court after the trial court’s plenary power had expired. Nevertheless, when we lack jurisdiction
over a civil appeal, we cannot suspend the rules to confer jurisdiction where we otherwise have
none. See TEX. R. APP. P. 2.
Nevertheless, we note Resendez is not without a remedy. “A bill of review is an
independent, equitable proceeding brought by a party to a prior action seeking to set aside a
judgment in that action that is no longer subject to challenge by a motion for new trial or a direct
appeal.” Maree v. Zuniga, 577 S.W.3d 595, 600 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2019, no pet.).
“Ordinarily, to be entitled to relief in an equitable-bill-of-review proceeding, the plaintiff must
plead and prove that the plaintiff has (1) a meritorious claim or defense, (2) which the plaintiff was
prevented from making by official mistake or by the opposing party’s fraud, accident, or wrongful
act, (3) unmixed with any fault or negligence on the plaintiff’s part.” Id.
Because we lack jurisdiction over this appeal, we must dismiss this appeal for want of
jurisdiction. In the interest of justice, we award Resendez the costs he incurred related to this
appeal. See TEX. R. APP. P. 43.4 (“The court of appeals may tax costs . . . for good cause.”).
PER CURIAM
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