Carlos Maldonado v. the State of Texas ( 2024 )

Opinion issued September 5, 2024
In The
Court of Appeals
For The
First District of Texas
————————————
NO. 01-23-00360-CR
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CARLOS MALDONADO, Appellant
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee
On Appeal from the 228th District Court
Harris County, Texas
Trial Court Case No. 1652591
MEMORANDUM OPINION
A jury found appellant, Carlos Maldonado, guilty of the felony offense of
sexual assault of a child,1 and the trial court assessed his punishment at confinement
for six years. Appellant timely filed a notice of appeal.
1
See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 22.011(a)(2)(C), (c), (f).
Appellant’s appointed counsel on appeal has filed a motion to withdraw, along
with a brief stating that the record presents no reversible error and the appeal is
without merit and is frivolous. See Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967).
Counsel’s brief meets the Anders requirements by presenting a professional
evaluation of the record and supplying the Court with references to the record and
legal authority. See id. at 744; see also High v. State, 573 S.W.2d 807, 812 (Tex.
Crim. App. 1978). Counsel indicates that he has thoroughly reviewed the record and
is unable to advance any grounds of error that warrant reversal. See Anders, 386
U.S. at 744; Mitchell v. State, 193 S.W.3d 153, 155 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.]
2006, no pet.).
Counsel has informed the Court that he provided appellant with a copy of his
Anders brief and his motion to withdraw. Counsel also informed appellant of his
right to examine the appellate record and file a response to counsel’s Anders brief.
Further, counsel provided appellant with a copy of the appellate record and a form
motion to access the appellate record.2 See Kelly v. State, 436 S.W.3d 313, 319–20
2
This Court also notified appellant that his appointed counsel had filed an Anders
brief and a motion to withdraw and informed appellant that he had a right to examine
the appellate record and file a response to his counsel’s Anders brief. And this Court
provided appellant with a form motion to access the appellate record. See Kelly v.
State, 436 S.W.3d 313, 319–22 (Tex. Crim. App. 2014); In re Schulman, 252
S.W.3d 403, 408 (Tex. Crim. App. 2008).
2
(Tex. Crim. App. 2014); In re Schulman, 252 S.W.3d 403, 408 (Tex. Crim. App.
2008). Appellant has not filed a response to his counsel’s Anders brief.
We have independently reviewed the entire record, and we conclude that no
reversible error exists in the record, there are no arguable grounds for review, and
the appeal is frivolous. See Anders, 386 U.S. at 744 (emphasizing reviewing court—
and not counsel—determines, after full examination of proceedings, whether appeal
is wholly frivolous); Garner v. State, 300 S.W.3d 763, 767 (Tex. Crim. App. 2009)
(reviewing court must determine whether arguable grounds for review exist);
Bledsoe v. State, 178 S.W.3d 824, 826–27 (Tex. Crim. App. 2005) (same); Mitchell,
193 S.W.3d at 155 (reviewing court determines whether arguable grounds exist by
reviewing entire record). We note that appellant may challenge a holding that there
are no arguable grounds for an appeal by filing a petition for discretionary review in
the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals. See Bledsoe, 178 S.W.3d at 827 & n.6.
Although not an arguable ground for reversal, counsel notes in his Anders
brief that the court costs assessed against appellant in the trial court do not comport
with the governing statutory authority. See, e.g., Ledet v. State, Nos.
01-22-00015-CR, 01-22-00016-CR, 2022 WL 3589182, at *2 (Tex. App.—Houston
[1st Dist.] Aug. 23, 2022, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication).
This Court has the authority to modify a trial court’s judgment when it has the
necessary information to do so. See TEX. R. APP. P. 43.2(b); Bigley v. State, 865
3
S.W.2d 26, 27–28 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993); Nolan v. State, 39 S.W.3d 697, 698 (Tex.
App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2001, no pet.). Further, this Court has the “authority to
reform a judgment in an Anders appeal and to affirm that judgment as reformed.”
Hubbard v. State, No. 02-13-00300-CR, 2014 WL 1767475, at *1 (Tex. App.—Fort
Worth May 1, 2014, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication); see also
Ledet, 2022 WL 3589182, at *2; Rodriguez v. State, No. 01-13-00728-CR, 2014 WL
3697890, at *2 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] July 24, 2014, no pet.) (mem. op.,
not designated for publication). “Only statutorily authorized court costs may be
assessed against a criminal defendant.” Johnson v. State, 423 S.W.3d 385, 389–90
(Tex. Crim. App. 2014). Thus, we may modify the bill of costs to reflect the
appropriate statutory costs and delete improper charges. See id. (“[W]e review the
assessment of court costs on appeal to determine if there is a basis for the cost.”);
Pacas v. State, 612 S.W.3d 588, 596–97 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2020, pet.
ref’d); Segura v. State, No. 02-21-00052-CR, 2022 WL 2840143, at *2 (Tex. App.—
Fort Worth July 21, 2022, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication).
In its judgment of conviction, the trial court assessed $290.00 in court costs
against appellant. The bill of costs reflects that as part of the $290.00 in court costs,
4
appellant was charged $185.00 for a “Consolidated Court Cost – State”3 and $105.00
for a “Consolidated Court Cost – Local.”4
To determine the amount of the court costs that should be assessed against a
criminal defendant, we must look to the statutes in effect at the time the offense in
the case was committed; in this case, that was on February 4, 2019.5 See Ledet, 2022
WL 3589182, at *3. For offenses committed before January 1, 2020, the statutory
amount of the “Consolidated Court Cost – State” is $133.00, not $185.00. See id.;
see also Shuler v. State, 650 S.W.3d 683, 690–91 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2022, no pet.)
(“Section 133.102(a)(1) of the Texas Local Government Code was amended in 2019
to increase the amount of costs assessed on conviction of a felony from $133 to $185;
however, . . . the amendment did not become effective until January 1, 2020, and
applied only to costs, fees, or fines assessed on convictions for offenses committed
on or after the effective date.”). Additionally, the $105.00 “Consolidated Court
Cost – Local” may only be assessed against defendants who committed an offense
on or after January 1, 2020. See Ledet, 2022 WL 3589182, at *3; see also Brumfield
v. State, 641 S.W.3d 568, 583 (Tex. App.—Tyler 2022, pet. ref’d) (“The Local
3
See TEX. LOC. GOV’T CODE ANN. § 133.102.
4
See id. § 134.101.
5
Here, a Harris County Grand Jury returned a true bill of indictment alleging that
appellant, on or about February 4, 2019, “unlawfully, intentionally and knowingly
cause[d] the sexual organ of Y.T., a person younger than seventeen years of age, to
contact the sexual organ of [appellant].”
5
Consolidated Fee on Conviction of Felony only applies to defendants who are
convicted of offenses committed on or after January 1, 2020.”).
Accordingly, we modify the trial court’s judgment and the bill of costs to
reduce the amount of the “Consolidated Court Cost – State” from $185.00 to
$133.00 and to delete the $105.00 for the “Consolidated Court Cost – Local,”
leaving $133.00 as the proper assessment of court costs against appellant. See TEX.
R. APP. P. 43.2(b); Ledet, 2022 WL 3589182, at *3; Wood v. State, No.
01-13-00293-CR, 2014 WL 3738058, at *2 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] July
29, 2014, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication).
Conclusion
We affirm the judgment of the trial court as modified and grant appellant’s
appointed counsel’s motion to withdraw.6 Attorney Nicholas Mensch must
immediately send appellant the required notice and file a copy of the notice with the
Clerk of this Court. See TEX. R. APP. P. 6.5(c). We dismiss any other pending
motions as moot.
6
Appellant’s appointed counsel still has a duty to inform appellant of the result of the
appeal and that appellant may, on his own, pursue discretionary review in the Texas
Court of Criminal Appeals. See Ex parte Wilson, 956 S.W.2d 25, 27 (Tex. Crim.
App. 1997).
6
Julie Countiss
Justice
Panel consists of Justices Landau, Countiss, and Guerra.
Do not publish. TEX. R. APP. P. 47.2(b).
7