Benson, Yusulf Shaheed ( 2015 )

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS
OF TEXAS
NO. WR-81,764-01
Ex parte YUSULF SHAHEED BENSON, Applicant
ON APPLICATION FOR A WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS
CAUSE NO. 65676-A, IN THE 149 TH DISTRICT COURT
BRAZORIA COUNTY
M EYERS, J., filed a dissenting opinion in which J OHNSON and A LCALA,
JJ., join.
DISSENTING OPINION
The majority holds that when a felony DWI and an intoxication assault offense arise
out of the same transaction, the two crimes are not the same offense for double-jeopardy
purposes. However, I disagree with the court’s analysis and conclusion.
As the majority discusses, we have determined that prior intoxication-related
convictions are elements of felony DWI. Gibson v. State, 995 S.W.2d 693, 696 (Tex. Crim.
App. 1999). However, the prior convictions are only jurisdictional elements that, once pled
in the indictment, confer jurisdiction to the district court. Martin v. State, 200 S.W.3d 635,
Benson dissent - Page 2
640 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006). Jurisdictional elements are not traditional elements and should
not be treated as such. For example, in felony DWI cases where defendants agree to stipulate
to their two prior convictions, the State is prohibited from presenting any further evidence
of the convictions during its case-in-chief in order to prevent unfair prejudice. Tamez v. State,
11 S.W.3d 198, 202 (Tex. Crim. App. 2000); Hernandez v. State, 109 S.W.3d 491, 495 (Tex.
Crim. App. 2003). This same procedure does not apply when a defendant admits to a
traditional element of the offense they are charged with and this clearly illustrates how
jurisdictional elements are distinguishable. While this difference does not mean the offenses
are the same under the Blockburger test, I do believe that it goes to rebutting the presumption
that the offenses are different for double-jeopardy purposes.
Further rebutting that presumption is the fact that misdemeanor DWI and intoxication
assault would be presumed to be jeopardy barred under Blockburger because there are no
jurisdictional priors to act as differing elements. See T EX. P ENAL C ODE §§ 49.04, 49.07.
There exists no clearly expressed legislative intent to impose multiple punishments for a
misdemeanor DWI and intoxication assault that arise from the same transaction, and it does
not logically follow that such an intent suddenly appears when it is a felony DWI rather than
a misdemeanor.
For the foregoing reasons, I believe that, although the offenses may have different
elements under the Blockburger test, prosecuting an individual for a felony DWI and an
intoxication assault that arose from the same transaction is unconstitutional and should be
Benson dissent - Page 3
barred by double jeopardy. I would grant Appellant relief and, therefore, I respectfully
dissent.
Meyers, J.
Filed: April 15, 2015
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