Pepin v. Pepin Granite, Inc. ( 2017 )

Pepin v. Pepin Granite, Inc., No. 613-6-15 Wncv (Teachout, J. Dec. 6, 2017).
[The text of this Vermont trial court opinion is unofficial. It has been reformatted from the original. The accuracy of the text and the
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STATE OF VERMONT
SUPERIOR COURT CIVIL DIVISION
Washington Unit Docket No. 613-9-15 Wncv
Raymond C. Pepin
Plaintiff
v.
Pepin Granite, Inc.
Defendant
DECISION
Cross-Motions for Attorney Fees and Costs
This case is a second front in a battle being waged primarily in the Chittenden Civil
Division. Pepin v. Pepin Granite, Inc., No. 544-6-15 Cncv. There, Plaintiff Raymond Pepin has
asserted breach of contract and unjust enrichment claims against the corporation in which he
remains a shareholder, Defendant Pepin Granite, and for which his two stepsons are majority
shareholders. Here, Mr. Pepin filed an application for inspection of certain business records of
Pepin Granite pursuant to 11A V.S.A. §§ 16.02–16.04.
Pepin Granite immediately argued in response that the application was filed in bad faith.
It asserted that Mr. Pepin’s original counsel in this case (and then-current counsel in the
Chittenden case) should be disqualified and, once that matter was resolved, no controversy over
the inspection of corporate records was anticipated. It also objected that this case is
unnecessarily duplicative because anything sought in this proceeding could more efficiently have
been sought in the earlier filed Chittenden proceeding. Pepin Granite further argued that Mr.
Pepin and his original counsel in this case already had access to some or all the records sought
here, and the records sought exceed the scope of the stated purposes for seeking them.1
Nevertheless, in February 2016, Attorney Kolitch for Defendant and Plaintiff’s original
counsel (since replaced) agreed that certain information—everything originally sought by
Plaintiff—would be produced. Responsive documents were promptly produced. There has
never been any showing that Defendant failed to produce anything requested, and the court
expressly so determined in its September 18, 2017 Order. Between February 2016 and
September 2017, the parties were at a stalemate. Defendant maintained that it had produced
what had been requested, though it was unable to say precisely what it had produced. Plaintiff,
now represented by Attorney Weatherly, purported to not know whether he had received what he
had requested even though his right to inspect is expressly conditioned on describing his requests
“with reasonable particularity,” 11A V.S.A. § 16.02(c)(2), and he presumably knew all along
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Pepin Granite also has expressed concerns over Mr. Pepin’s competency. More recently, Defendant has submitted
an excerpt of a transcript of a hearing in the Chittenden case in which Mr. Pepin appears to indicate that he has no
awareness that this case ever has existed. The court declines to address such matters as they are unnecessary to this
decision.
whether he possessed a requested document or not.
Following the court’s September 18 Order, the parties filed the pending motions seeking
attorney fees and costs. Pepin Granite seeks fees under the bad faith exception to the American
Rule. See Appeal of Gadhue, 149 Vt. 322, 330 (1987). Mr. Pepin seeks fees according to 11A
V.S.A. § 16.04(c). The court declines to award attorneys’ fees to either party on this record.
Pepin Granite’s argument is that this case never should have been filed; its only purpose
has been harassment. It therefore was wholly vexatious and falls within the bad faith exception
to the American Rule. See Monahan v. GMAC Mortg. Corp., 2005 VT 110, ¶¶ 75–82, 179 Vt.
167 (discussing Vermont law on the equitable exception in detail). As explained in Monahan, an
equitable deviation from the American Rule applies only in “exceptional cases and for
dominating reasons of justice.” Id. ¶ 76. Typically, that requires a wholly unnecessary vexatious
second round of litigation. There is no second round of litigation here. However inefficient it
may have been to file this additional case, Plaintiff had a statutory right to do so. 5A Fletcher
Cyc. Corp. § 2213 (“[S]hareholders who demand inspection are not precluded from seeking
judicial enforcement of their inspection rights merely because they have another suit pending
against the corporation and could obtain the same records through the discovery process.”). The
court declines to apply the exception in these circumstances.
Mr. Pepin also is not entitled to fees. His application in this case had to be supported by
“good faith” and “proper purpose.” Kalanges v. Champlain Valley Exposition, Inc., 160 Vt. 644,
645 (1993). He is not entitled to fees if Pepin Granite “refused inspection in good faith because
it had a reasonable basis for doubt about the right of the shareholder to inspect the records
demanded.” 11A V.S.A. § 16.04(c). Pepin Granite originally refused inspection only
temporarily based on the belief that Mr. Pepin’s original counsel should be disqualified, along
with other circumstances which it found inefficient and harassing. It then nevertheless produced
all requested documents though that attorney continued to represent Mr. Pepin. The court
declines to conclude that the circumstances of this case establish Mr. Pepin’s bad faith. The
court does conclude, however, that Pepin Granite had a reasonable basis for doubting whether
this case was filed and pursued in good faith, given the overlap with discovery in the Chittenden
case. That is sufficient to deny fees pursuant to § 16.04(c).
ORDER
For the foregoing reasons, both motions for fees and costs are denied.
Dated at Montpelier, Vermont this 5th day of December 2017.
_____________________________
Mary Miles Teachout
Superior Judge
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