In Re The Det. Of: M.t., App. v. State, Res. ( 2014 )

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IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON
DIVISION ONE
In the Matter of the Detention of No. 70238-6-1
M.T.,
Appellant,
STATE OF WASHINGTON, UNPUBLISHED OPINION
Respondent. FILED: March 10, 2014
Per Curiam. M.T. appeals her involuntary civil commitment, arguing that the
State presented insufficient evidence to support the court's finding that she suffered
from a grave disability. We affirm.
On March 17, 2013, M.T.'s son brought her to the emergency room at
Harborview Medical Center, where she was admitted due to multiple recent falls and
failure to thrive. Hospital records noted her history of major depressive disorder and
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). M.T. received treatment for chronic leg ulcers
that were not healing due to malnutrition and poor wound care.
On March 26, the State filed an involuntary commitment petition alleging that
M.T. was gravely disabled and should be committed for 14 days.
On March 27, the superior court held a hearing on the petition. The State
presented testimony from Dr. Allison Osborn, a licensed clinical psychologist and
evaluatorfor Harborview; Dr. Elsa Haloman, a Harborview psychiatry resident; and
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Cathy Erskine, a social worker for the Department of Social and Health Services
(DSHS).
Dr. Osborn testified that M.T. suffers from OCD and major depressive disorder,
and that the disorders have a substantial adverse impact on her cognitive and volitional
functions. Regarding her OCD, Dr. Osborn testified that M.T. scored 37 on an OCD test
that has a maximum score of 40. She testified that M.T. is extremely phobic and fearful
of germs. As a result, M.T. has extreme compulsions or rituals that interfere with her
self-care. Dr. Osborn noted that prior to entering the hospital, M.T.'s rituals required so
much time that she would only intake food, water, and medication once every three to
eight days. While in the hospital, M.T. reported fears of contamination, particularly of
dirt or germs entering her mouth, and told staff that she would not eat or drink and
would continue to starve herself. Dr. Olson concluded that M.T. was gravely disabled
and at risk of serious physical harm as a result of her mental disorders. She
recommended that M.T. be committed for up to 14 days, adding that a less restrictive
alternative would not meet her needs.
Dr. Haloman testified that M.T. suffers from chronic ulcers on her legs, which are
complicated by her malnourishment. M.T. has also fallen multiple times and because
her bones have not healed correctly, she is unable to walk. She needs surgery to
regain her ability to walk but is too malnourished for surgery. M.T. has also tested
positive for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), an antibiotic-resistant
bacterium that puts her at risk for superinfections, sepsis, amputation, and death. Dr.
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Haloman concluded that M.T. was gravely disabled and that it was not safe for her to
leave the hospital.
Cathy Erskine testified that DSHS attempted to place M.T. at every nursing
facility in the state of Washington. The only facility that accepted her in the past would
no longer accept her due to her noncompliance with care. Ifdischarged from the
hospital, M.T. would only have the assistance of her son.
M.T. testified and agreed that she should stay in the medical unit of the hospital
but objected to psychiatric treatment. M.T. further testified that if provided with a care
plan, she would follow it.
The court granted the petition for M.T.'s involuntary commitment. M.T. appeals.
DECISION
The sole issue on appeal is whether the State presented sufficient evidence to
prove that M.T. was gravely disabled.1 Our review is limited to "determining whether
substantial evidence supports the findings and, if so, whether the findings in turn
support the trial court's conclusions of law and judgment." In re Detention of LaBelle.
107 Wash. 2d 196, 209, 728 P.2d 138 (1986) (citing Ridqeview Props, v. Starbuck, 96
Wash. 2d 716, 719, 638 P.2d 1231 (1982)).
1Although the challenged commitment terminated long ago, the State has not
argued that the case is moot and expressly requests that this court resolve the appeal
on the merits. M.T. argues in part that the case is not moot because a reversal would
restore her right to possess a firearm. Under the circumstances, we exercise our
discretion to decide the appeal on the merits.
3
No. 70238-6-1/4
To grant the State's petition in this case, the superior court had to find by a
preponderance of the evidence that M.T. was gravely disabled as a result of a mental
disorder. RCW 71.05.240(3).
[Ujnder the gravely disabled standard, the State must present recent,
tangible evidence of failure or inability to provide for such essential human
needs as food, clothing, shelter, and medical treatment which presents a
high probability of serious physical harm within the near future unless
adequate treatment is afforded.
LaBelle. 107 Wash. 2d at 204-05.
Here, it is undisputed that M.T. suffered from serious, long-standing mental
disorders at the time of her commitment. The State provided substantial evidence that
M.T. was gravely disabled by those disorders. The State's witnesses testified that her
disorders significantly interfered with her self-care and care by others, resulting in
malnourishment. In turn, her malnourishment contributed to her chronic ulcers,
infection, recent falls, broken bones, and immobility. These conditions put M.T. at
serious risk of amputation, injury, or death. There is thus substantial evidence that M.T.
is in danger of serious physical harm due to a failure or inability to provide for her
essential human needs.
M.T. contends the court overlooked her "commitment to her own care" and her
requested alternative of remaining on the medical floor. But as noted above, there was
evidence that M.T. had minimal insight into her condition, overwhelming evidence that
her "commitment" did not translate into action, and evidence that involuntary
commitment was the least restrictive alternative capable of remedying her situation.
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The credibility, weight, and persuasiveness of the evidence are matters for the trier of
fact. State v. Walton. 64 Wash. App. 410, 415-16, 824 P.2d 533 (1992).
Affirmed.
FOR THE COURT:
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