State Of Washington v. Anthony Gene Hand ( 2020 )

Filed
Washington State
Court of Appeals
Division Two
July 14, 2020
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON
DIVISION II
STATE OF WASHINGTON, No. 53111-9-II
Respondent,
v.
ANTHONY GENE HAND, UNPUBLISHED OPINION
Appellant.
GLASGOW, J.—Anthony Gene Hand broke into a church, and the State charged him with
second degree burglary. Prior to trial, both the State and defense counsel questioned Hand’s
competence, and the trial court ordered that Hand undergo inpatient evaluation at Western State
Hospital within 7 days. Hand remained in jail for 35 days before being moved to the hospital,
where he was ultimately determined to be competent. Hand filed a pretrial motion to dismiss due
to the delay in transporting him for the evaluation. The trial court denied Hand’s motion, and Hand
proceeded to plead guilty to a reduced charge.
Hand appeals arguing that the trial court erred by denying his motion to dismiss. Because
Hand waived his right to challenge the denial of the motion when he pleaded guilty, we do not
address the trial court’s denial of his pretrial motion to dismiss. We affirm his judgment and
sentence.
FACTS
The State charged Hand with one count of second degree burglary after he entered a church
through a window. The trial court ordered Hand to undergo an in-custody competency evaluation,
No. 53111-9-II
but Hand ended the evaluation after a few minutes. Despite the evaluation’s brevity, the
psychologist reported that Hand was competent to stand trial based primarily on a review of Hand’s
mental health records, police reports, and past competency records.
At an omnibus hearing on October 1, 2018, the State and defense counsel both raised
concerns about Hand’s competency. The trial court ordered a second competency evaluation. The
order stated that Hand “shall be admitted to the hospital within 7 days of signing of this order for
a period of commitment of up to 15 days from the time of admission.” Clerk’s Papers at 33. Hand
was not transported to Western State Hospital until November 12, 2018—35 days after the trial
court’s deadline.
Hand filed a CrR 8.3(b) motion to dismiss based on the delay of his transport to the hospital
for his second competency evaluation. At a hearing on the motion, the trial court found the
Department of Social and Health Services in contempt for failing to timely transport Hand but
denied Hand’s motion to dismiss. The Department of Social and Health Services was required to
pay sanctions under a preexisting federal court order for the delay in transporting Hand to the
hospital.
The second competency evaluation resulted in a diagnosis of antisocial personality
disorder, cannabis use disorder, and stimulant use disorder but found Hand competent to stand
trial. Hand and the State proceeded to negotiate a plea, and Hand ultimately pleaded guilty to
second degree possession of stolen property and was sentenced to a 25-month Drug Offender
Sentencing Alternative, RCW.9.94A.660.
Hand’s statement on his plea of guilty provided that, upon pleading guilty, he gave up the
right to “appeal a finding of guilt after a trial.” CP at 220. The statement did not say that Hand
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stipulated only to certain facts or that he retained his right to appeal any ruling that occurred prior
to his plea.
Hand appeals.
ANALYSIS
Hand argues that the trial court erred by denying his CrR 8.3 motion to dismiss based on
his excessive incarceration before he received his second competency evaluation. The State argues
that Hand waived his right to challenge the court’s decision to deny his pretrial motion by pleading
guilty. We agree with the State.
By pleading guilty, a defendant generally waives his right to appeal. State v. Majors, 94
Wash. 2d 354, 356, 616 P.2d 1237 (1980). But the defendant preserves the right to challenge the
judgment and sentence on collateral grounds such as the validity of a statute violated, sufficiency
of the information, jurisdiction of the court, or the voluntariness of the plea. In re Pers. Restraint
of Schorr, 191 Wash. 2d 315, 322-23, 422 P.3d 451 (2018). A defendant may not otherwise appeal
the denial of any pretrial motions. State v. Olson, 73 Wash. App. 348, 353, 869 P.2d 110 (1994).
“‘[A] guilty plea waives or renders irrelevant all constitutional violations that occurred before the
guilty plea, except those related to the circumstances of the plea or to the government’s legal power
to prosecute regardless of factual guilt.’” State v. Brandenburg, 153 Wash. App. 944, 948, 223 P.3d
1259 (2009) (internal quotation marks omitted) (quoting State v. Amos, 147 Wash. App. 217, 225-
26, 195 P.3d 564 (2008)).
Here, Hand does not challenge his conviction based on the jurisdiction of the court, validity
of the statute violated, sufficiency of the information, or the voluntariness of his plea. Instead, he
challenges the denial of his pretrial motion to dismiss based on the alleged violation of his
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substantive due process rights when he was incarcerated for 35 days before his second competency
evaluation. But by pleading guilty, Hand waived the right to challenge any constitutional violation
that occurred before his guilty plea as a basis for reversing his conviction, and he is precluded from
appealing the denial of this type of pretrial motion. Accordingly, because Hand waived his right
to challenge the denial of the motion when he pleaded guilty, we do not address the trial court’s
denial of his pretrial motion to dismiss.
We affirm Hand’s judgment and sentence.
A majority of the panel having determined that this opinion will not be printed in the
Washington Appellate Reports, but will be filed for public record in accordance with RCW 2.06.040,
it is so ordered.
Glasgow, J.
We concur:
Lee, C.J.
Cruser, J.
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