Citation Numbers: 108 Ala. 245
Judges: Haralson
Filed Date: 11/15/1895
Status: Precedential
Modified Date: 7/19/2022
Sections of the Code from 2792 to 2800, inclusive, constituting Art. 2 of the particular Chapter, Title and Part, in which they are found, make provisions for procuring testimony of witnesses by subpoena in the law courts, to be taken in open court. Section 2796 provides for a penalty of $100 to the use of the party summoning him. against a witness who fails to attend, pursuant to the mandate of the subpoena, and remain until his testimony is given, or he is discharged; and the succeeding section, — 2797,—provides for a conditional judgment against him for that sum, to be made absolute, unless after notice of such judgment nisi, he appear at the next term of the court and render a good excuse for his default. Section 2799. makes provision for the imprisonment of a witness who obeys the subpoena, appears in court, but who refuses to testify. It reads: “Any witness refusing to testify, unless privileged by law from testifying in the cause, must be committed to jail of the county, there to remain without bail until' he consents to testify. ’ ’ What the inherent powers' of the courts are, independently of statute, to compel the personal attendance of witnesses in a pending cause, and to punish them for a failure to give in their evidence as required by the court, it is unnecessary now to consider. The subject is amply treated in Greenleaf on Evidence, sections 309 to 320.
In the succeeding Art. Ill, -of the Code, sections 2801 to 2822, inclusive, make provision in specified cases, for
As respects the examination of witnesses, residing in this State, whose evidence is required in suits pending in foreign courts, section 2814, which appears in said Art. Ill of the Code, providing for procuring the depositions of witnesses in suits pending in the law courts of the State, makes the only provision. It reads as follows : “The provisions of this article to compel witnesses to answer interrogatories, and for a failure to answer, are applicable to parties litigant in the courts of such States as grant similar privileges to citizens of this State, and proceedings therefor may be had in the circuit pourt of the county where the witness resides. The certificate of the person issuing the commission, that the State in which the suit is pending has a statute to compel witnesses to testify in foreign suits, is prima facie evidence of that fact; but no witness shall be required to give testimony under such commission, unless the party desiring such testimony, his agent or attorney, first deposit with the commissioner for the witness the amount allowed by law for mileage and per diem to witness attending to give evidence under commission from courts of this State, which deposit may be evidenced by the certificate of the commissioner.”
It must be noticed, that the only “provisions of this article (of the Code), to compel witnesses to answer interrogatories and for failures to answer, ” to which reference in this section, — 2814,—of the Code is made, are found in the said section 2806, to which we have already referred, in which it is provided, that ‘ ‘any witness who fails to attend when duly notified before a commissioner and give evidence, forfeits to the party aggrieved $100., for which, on motion, judgment may be rendered by the court where the cause is pending on five days notice in writing; and is also liable, at the suit of the party aggrieved, to an action for damages.” Here, then, we have the only penalty provided by statute, and the only one that can be imposed by virtue of the statute, where a witness fails to appear before a commissioner and give
We would not be understood, however, as holding, that the courts are shut up to these statutory remedies and are without inherent powers to enfore the attendance of witnesses before commissioners, and the giving of their evidence in- any cause pending in any court whether domestic or foreign. The question is not material now to be-decided.
In the case before us,-the proceedings are confessedly under the statute, under which, it is claimed, the circuit court of the judicial circuit to which application was made, has the power to compel the witness to answer the questions he refused to answer. The prayer is “for such proceedings therefor, and to that end, pursuant to the statutes in such cases made and provided for, as will secure a full answer from said witness, E. W. Rucker, to the questions hereinbefore set forth, and which he has, in part or in whole, refused,.and still persists in his refusal to answer.” This prayer is not for-thp forfeiture provided by said section 2808, and the party seeking to enforce the answers of the witness, at the hands of the circuit court, expressly disclaims any such remedy. Under his petition to said court, we are constrained to hold, that the circuit court is without statutory authority to enforce the remedy he seeks. ' To assume it, would be to usurp an authority and jurisdiction the statute does not confer. To exercise it in the manner, it is admitted the circuit court is about to do, and will do, unless restrained by this writ, will lead to consequences injurious to the relator, which there is no other and adequate remedy to prevent. — 3 Brick. Dig. 717, § 1 and authorities there cited.
Let the writ of prohibition issue according to the prayer of the petition.
Prohibition granted