Stringer v. Stringer

NOTICE: NOT FOR OFFICIAL PUBLICATION.
UNDER ARIZONA RULE OF THE SUPREME COURT 111(c), THIS DECISION IS NOT PRECEDENTIAL
AND MAY BE CITED ONLY AS AUTHORIZED BY RULE.
IN THE
ARIZONA COURT OF APPEALS
DIVISION ONE
GARY T. STRINGER, Respondent/Appellant,
v.
CHRISTINA J. STRINGER, Petitioner/Appellee.
No. 1 CA-CV 16-0425 FC
FILED 12-7-2017
Appeal from the Superior Court in Maricopa County
No. FC2013-006564
The Honorable Katherine M. Cooper, Judge
AFFIRMED
COUNSEL
Udall Shumway PLC, Mesa
By Joel E. Sannes and Charles W. Brown, Jr.
Counsel for Plaintiff/Appellant
DAVIS FAAS BLASE, PLLC, Scottsdale
By Aaron T. Blase
Counsel for Defendant/Appellee
STRINGER V. STRINGER
Decision of the Court
MEMORANDUM DECISION
Presiding Judge Paul J. McMurdie delivered the decision of the Court, in
which Judge Peter B. Swann and Judge Maurice Portley 1 joined.
M c M U R D I E, Judge:
¶1 Gary T. Stringer (“Father”) appeals the superior court’s order
awarding attorney’s fees and costs to Christina J. Stringer (“Mother”) after
Father petitioned to modify his parenting time for the parties’ two children.
For the following reasons, we affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
¶2 After a 20-year marriage, Father and Mother divorced in 2014.
Under the original consent decree, Father and Mother agreed to joint legal
decision making and equal parenting time of their two children. In October
2014, Father voluntarily relinquished his in-person parenting time. In July
2015, Father petitioned to modify his parenting time and reinstate the terms
of the original decree. Mother subsequently petitioned to modify legal
decision-making authority, seeking sole legal decision-making authority.
Father and Mother both requested an award of attorney’s fees and costs
pursuant to Arizona Revised Statutes (“A.R.S.”) section 25-324.
¶3 After a hearing (“March 2016 hearing”), the superior court
awarded sole legal decision-making authority to Mother and amended
Father’s parenting time to one night per week for 2.5 hours. The superior
court awarded Mother her attorney’s fees and costs, finding a substantial
disparity in financial resources existed between Father and Mother, and
that Father acted unreasonably in the litigation.
¶4 Although not directly at issue in this appeal, after filing the
petitions related to parenting time and legal-decision making authority,
Father also petitioned the court to modify his child support obligation.
After a hearing on May 2, 2017 (“May 2017 hearing”), the superior court: (1)
1 The Honorable Maurice Portley, retired Judge of the Court of
Appeals, Division One, has been authorized to sit in this matter pursuant
to Article VI, Section 3, of the Arizona Constitution.
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STRINGER V. STRINGER
Decision of the Court
ordered Father to pay $5000 per month in child support, an upward
deviation from the Child Support Guidelines; (2) ordered Father to pay
$8000 per month in spousal maintenance; and (3) again awarded Wife
attorney’s fees and costs.
¶5 Father timely appealed the superior court’s order awarding
Wife attorney’s fees and costs following the March 2016 hearing. We have
jurisdiction pursuant to A.R.S. §§ 12-120.21(A)(1) and -2101(A)(1).
DISCUSSION
A. The Superior Court Did Not Err by Awarding Mother Attorney’s
Fees and Costs.
¶6 Father argues the superior court erred by awarding Mother
attorney’s fees without evidence in the record of the parties’ financial
resources. We review a superior court’s award of attorney’s fees under
A.R.S. § 25-324(A) for an abuse of discretion. Mangan v. Mangan, 227 Ariz.
346, 352, ¶ 26 (App. 2011). Under § 25-324(A):
The court from time to time, after considering the financial
resources of both parties and the reasonableness of the
positions each party has taken throughout the proceedings,
may order a party to pay a reasonable amount to the other
party for the costs and expenses of maintaining or defending
[a domestic relations] proceeding.
¶7 In awarding Mother her attorney’s fees and costs, the superior
court found a financial disparity existed between the parties because Father
earned over $350,000 per year, while Mother’s sole source of income was
spousal support. The superior court based its finding on Mother’s pretrial
statement. Mother’s separate pretrial statement claimed Father “earns well
over $350,000 annually” and that her “only source of income is the spousal
support she receives from Father.” Her pretrial statement also alleged
Father’s “behavior throughout this litigation has been unreasonable and
forced Mother to incur fees to respond to his repetitious allegations.”
¶8 Although Father argued below that Mother was not entitled
to an attorney’s fees award, he never objected to Mother’s assertion that his
income exceeded $350,000 per year. Father filed a separate pretrial
statement one day before the scheduled hearing. Mother moved to preclude
Father’s pretrial statement and any witnesses, exhibits, or evidence listed in
it because she received the pretrial statement less than one day before the
hearing. The court ruled:
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STRINGER V. STRINGER
Decision of the Court
The pre-trial statements are not evidence. They are offered to
the Court pursuant to the rules as a guide. They’re also to
define the issues for the trial. They are not evidence . . . I have
counsel all the time, and parties come in and gloss over stuff,
thinking that what they put in their pre-trial statement is
going to be something the Court can consider as evidence,
and it’s not.
¶9 Father argues the superior court erred by then relying solely
on the statement in Mother’s pretrial statement, without any other evidence
of Father’s income, the “resource disparity between the parties,” or “the
ratio of the fees owed to the assets and/or income of each party.” In
awarding attorney’s fees and costs under § 25-324, the superior court “may
look to a number of factors, none of which alone is dispositive. Among such
factors are the relative financial disparity between the parties, the ability of
the parties to pay the fees, the ratio of fees owed to assets owned, and ‘other
similar matters.’” In re Marriage of Williams, 219 Ariz. 546, 550, ¶ 15 (App.
2008). We will not reverse a superior court’s award of attorney’s fees if there
is any reasonable basis for it. In re Marriage of Gibbs, 227 Ariz. 403, 410, ¶ 20
(App. 2011).
¶10 Father never objected to Mother’s assertion, made in her
pretrial statement and in other pleadings, that he earned $350,000 per year.
Nor did Father provide any other evidence regarding his income or
financial information at or prior to the hearing. The uncontested record
before the superior court, at the time of the hearing on the parties’ original
petitions, showed Father’s income exceeded $350,000 per year and that
Mother’s primary source of income was spousal support.
¶11 On April 1, 2016, the court filed its order regarding legal
decision making and parenting time, and awarding Mother attorney’s fees
after the filing of an affidavit pursuant to Schweiger v. China Doll Restaurant,
Inc., 138 Ariz. 183 (1983). On the same day that the court filed its order,
Father filed a petition to modify his child support obligation. 2 With that
petition, Father filed an affidavit of financial information. On April 11, 2016,
Mother filed an affidavit of financial information. On May 2, 2016, Mother
submitted her China Doll affidavit along with her application for fees under
2 This court takes judicial notice of the superior court’s records. City of
Phoenix v. Superior Court (Rosen), 110 Ariz. 155, 158 (1973).
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Decision of the Court
the April 1, order. 3 Father did not respond to the application for attorney’s
fees and the court entered the attorney’s fees judgment on May 27, 2016.
The superior court conducted a hearing on Father’s petition to modify his
child support obligation on May 2, 2017. After that hearing, the superior
court made detailed findings regarding Father’s income. The court found
(1) Father’s income was nearly $65,000 per month, and (2) Father’s spending
patterns included a $287,289 cash down payment on a house, membership
payments to a country club and the Arabian Horse Association, a $51,000
credit card payment, and several hundred thousand dollars’ worth of
personal expenditures, proving he “lives a lifestyle over and above [his
claimed] $150,000 income.” The court also found Mother’s income was
$3000 per month, based on her affidavit of financial information and a profit
and loss statement for her business.
¶12 Even if we were to agree with Father that the evidence was
insufficient at the time of the March 2016 hearing to award Mother
attorney’s fees, unless Father can show prejudice we will not disturb the
superior court’s attorney’s fees award. See Ariz. R. Fam. Law P. 86 (“[N]o
error or defect in any ruling or order or in anything done or omitted by the
court . . . is ground . . . for vacating, modifying or otherwise disturbing a
judgment or order, unless refusal to take such action appears to the court
inconsistent with substantial justice.”). The court’s findings after the May
2017 hearing show a substantial financial disparity exists between Father
and Mother. Accordingly, Father cannot show prejudice.
¶13 The superior court also found Father acted unreasonably
throughout the litigation by: (1) his decision to stop parenting and the
subsequent need for an interventionist; (2) his refusal to participate in TASC
testing and reunification therapy; and (3) his subpoena for Mother’s
“therapy records which ultimately proved wholly unrelated to Father’s
request to reinstate his parenting time.” In awarding attorney’s fees under
§ 25-324, a court must consider both the financial resources of the parties
and the reasonableness of their positions; “nevertheless, ‘an applicant need
not show both a financial disparity and an unreasonable opponent in order
to qualify for consideration for an award.’“ Mangan, 227 Ariz. at 353, ¶ 27,
n.13 (upholding an award of Father’s attorney’s fees where Father earned
significantly more income than Mother, but where Mother took
unreasonable positions in the litigation). Based on the evidence of the
financial disparity between Father and Mother and the unreasonableness of
3 In resolving a contempt petition, the court awarded Mother
additional attorney’s fees on April 28, 2016.
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STRINGER V. STRINGER
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Father’s positions, the superior court did not err by awarding Mother her
attorney’s fees and costs.
¶14 Father also argues the superior court erred by awarding
Mother attorney’s fees and costs because she failed to comply with Arizona
Rule of Family Law Procedure 91(S). Under Rule 91(S), “[i]n any post-
decree/post-judgment proceeding in which an award of attorneys’ fees,
costs, and expenses is an issue, both parties shall file a completed Affidavit
of Financial Information” and serve the affidavit on the opposing party.
Father contends Mother never served him with an affidavit of financial
information in the modification proceeding he initiated. Father failed to
raise this argument below, despite contesting Mother’s requests for
attorney’s fees multiple times. Arguments not raised below are generally
waived on appeal. Continental Lighting & Contracting, Inc. v. Premier Grading
& Utilities, LLC, 227 Ariz. 382, 386, ¶ 12 (App. 2011). Father has therefore
waived this argument on appeal. Further, the record shows Mother filed an
affidavit of financial information on September 17, 2015, and again on April
11, 2016. Although Mother did not attach an affidavit when she first
requested attorney’s fees on August 19, 2015, the superior court had both
affidavits before it when it awarded her attorney’s fees and costs. Thus, the
superior court did not err by awarding Mother attorney’s fees and costs,
despite Mother not filing an affidavit of financial information with her
initial request for attorney’s fees.
B. There is No Basis to Award Father Fees and Costs on Appeal.
¶15 Father requests an award of fees and costs on appeal. After
considering the disparity of financial resources of the parties and the
frivolous position taken by Father, we decline to award Father fees and
costs. We note that Mother did not request fees and costs on appeal.
CONCLUSION
¶16 For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the superior court’s
award of Mother’s attorney’s fees and costs.
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