Natale v. Natale

NOTICE: NOT FOR PUBLICATION.
UNDER ARIZ. R. SUP. CT. 111(c), THIS DECISION DOES NOT CREATE LEGAL PRECEDENT
AND MAY NOT BE CITED EXCEPT AS AUTHORIZED.
IN THE
ARIZONA COURT OF APPEALS
DIVISION ONE
In re the Marriage of:
ARLENE NATALE, Petitioner/Appellee,
v.
PAUL NATALE, Respondent/Appellant.
No. 1 CA-CV 12-0765
FILED 4-16-2014
Appeal from the Superior Court in Maricopa County
FN2010-090627
The Honorable Teresa A. Sanders, Judge
AFFIRMED
COUNSEL
Bishop & Martin Law Office, P.C., Phoenix
By William D. Bishop, Kristen A. Martin
Counsel for Petitioner/Appellee
The Murray Law Offices, P.C., Scottsdale
By Stanley D. Murray
Counsel for Respondent/Appellant
NATALE v. NATALE
Decision of the Court
MEMORANDUM DECISION
Judge John C. Gemmill delivered the decision of the Court, in which
Presiding Judge Maurice Portley and Judge Kent E. Cattani joined.
G E M M I L L, Judge:
¶1 Paul Natale (“Husband”) appeals the family court’s post-
decree rulings regarding distribution of marital property and attorneys’
fees. In a separate, published opinion filed contemporaneously with this
memorandum decision, we deny the motion filed by Arlene Natale
(“Wife”) to dismiss a portion of Husband’s appeal for lack of jurisdiction.
In this memorandum decision, we resolve the merits of Husband’s appeal
and, for the following reasons, we affirm the rulings of the family court.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
¶2 Husband and Wife were married in 1976 in New Jersey.
After their marriage, the Natales moved several times between 1976 and
1989 to pursue Husband’s employment opportunities, until they settled in
Scottsdale, Arizona. Husband is a pilot for Southwest Airlines. Wife has
had part-time jobs but has primarily been a homemaker. The parties have
no minor children together. Wife filed for dissolution in March 2010.
¶3 The former marital residence caught fire in September 2010
and was severely damaged. Both parties were instructed to reside
elsewhere during renovations. The insurance company agreed to pay for
the parties’ housing during this time. The parties scheduled arbitration
with the insurance company in April 2011 and were informed that home
renovations would take four additional months to complete. As a result,
the dissolution trial was continued to May 2011. At the trial, the court
addressed issues of spousal maintenance, the parties’ Southwest Union
Bank accounts, the disposition of parties’ three cemetery plots, the marital
residence, and attorneys’ fees.
¶4 The court ruled that Wife was entitled to spousal
maintenance pursuant to Arizona Revised Statutes (“A.R.S.”) section 25-
319, and ordered Husband to pay spousal maintenance in the amount of
$4500 per month beginning March 1, 2011, for seven years. The court
divided the Southwest Credit Union bank account equally between the
2
NATALE v. NATALE
Decision of the Court
parties, and awarded Wife the cemetery plots. The court did not resolve
the disposition of the marital residence because it was still under
renovation. The court also stated that it would award Wife a portion of
her reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs.
¶5 Husband and Wife subsequently hired an appraiser, who
valued the residence at $685,000. After subtracting the amount of the first
and second mortgages, there was $115,000 in equity in the house, which if
split evenly equals $57,500 per person. Husband offered to purchase
Wife’s share of the value at this price, but Wife rejected his offer because
she believed the property was worth more. She countered by offering to
purchase Husband’s interest for the same price if he thought it was fair
market value. Husband declined to purchase from Wife at that price.
Since that first offer by Husband, Wife has repeatedly discounted the first
appraisal. After the court entered a final decree which dissolved the
marriage and divided the property, the court denied Husband’s motion to
require Wife to sell the house at the $685,000 valuation.
¶6 Because the parties could not agree on the value of the
marital property, the court appointed a real estate commissioner to
conduct a market analysis and sell the home in a commercially reasonable
manner subject to court approval. The commissioner had the home
appraised at $760,000 and both parties submitted their offers to the
commissioner for consideration. The commissioner subsequently
requested that the court hold a hearing to determine which party (or
third-party) should be entitled to purchase the property and the terms of
such sale. The court conducted a hearing, agreed with the commissioner’s
appraisal, and issued an order authorizing Husband to purchase the
house at the most recent appraised price.
¶7 Wife filed a petition for contempt and to enforce court orders
in January 2012. She asked that the remaining bank accounts be divided
and for Husband to provide an accounting for all proceeds received and
amounts expended to renovate the house after the fire pursuant to the
court’s May 2011 ruling. Husband had previously refused to provide an
accounting unless he was awarded 20 percent of those proceeds as a
“general contractor’s fee” because he spearheaded the renovations,
despite excluding Wife from participating in the renovations. Wife also
sought attorneys’ fees in conjunction with her petition for contempt and
for enforcement.
¶8 The court set a post-decree evidentiary hearing on Wife’s
3
NATALE v. NATALE
Decision of the Court
petition for contempt and enforcement and all unresolved issues. After
the hearing on July 9, the court issued a signed minute entry on August 9,
2012, rejecting Husband’s claim that he was entitled to a 20 percent
contractor’s fee, dividing Husband’s non-qualified retirement accounts
and ordering Husband to pay Wife $22,000 before he retires, requiring
Wife to reimburse Husband if Husband’s employer does not pay him a
commensurate amount upon retirement, and finding that the current fair
market value of the house equals $760,000. The minute entry also
required Husband to timely purchase the house. If he failed to do so,
Wife would be entitled to purchase his interest. If neither party purchased
the house, a new real estate commissioner would be appointed and the
property would be sold. The court did not rule on Wife’s requests for
attorneys’ fees at that time.
¶9 In judgments entered on August 24 and September 17, 2012,
the court awarded attorneys’ fees to Wife for both the post-trial
proceedings and the enforcement proceedings. Husband filed a notice of
appeal on September 24, 2012. For the reasons explained in the opinion
published contemporaneously with this decision, we conclude that
Husband’s notice of appeal was timely as to all issues appealed and we
have jurisdiction pursuant to A.R.S. § 12-2101(A).
ANALYSIS
¶10 Husband raises four issues on appeal. First, he argues the
court erred by not allowing him to purchase the marital residence at the
original appraised price of $685,000. Second, he contends that the court
did not have jurisdiction to distribute Wife’s share of his retirement
accounts. Third, he argues that he is entitled to a 20 percent contractor’s
fee for his efforts in renovating the marital residence. Finally, he
challenges the award of attorneys’ fees to Wife for post-trial and
enforcement proceedings.
Value of the Marital Residence
¶11 Husband argues the court erred by not enforcing Wife’s
alleged agreement to $685,000 as the value of the marital residence and by
later determining the value of residence to be the amended (and
increased) price of $760,000. We disagree. In apportioning community
property at dissolution, the family court has broad discretion to achieve
an equitable division, and we will not disturb its allocation absent an
abuse of discretion. Boncoskey v. Boncoskey, 216 Ariz. 448, 451, ¶ 13, 167
P.3d 705, 708 (App. 2007). In reviewing the apportionment of community
4
NATALE v. NATALE
Decision of the Court
property, we consider the evidence in the light most favorable to
upholding the court’s ruling and will sustain the ruling if it is reasonably
supported by the evidence. Id.
¶12 The question of whether the parties agreed to a certain
appraised value is a factual determination the court had to resolve. We
will not disturb the court's factual findings unless clearly erroneous.
Hrudka v. Hrudka, 186 Ariz. 84, 92, 919 P.2d 179, 187 (App. 1995). A
finding of fact is not clearly erroneous if substantial evidence supports it,
even if substantial conflicting evidence exists. Kocher v. Dep't of Revenue of
Ariz., 206 Ariz. 480, 482, ¶ 9, 80 P.3d 287, 289 (App. 2003). The family
court did not err in declining to conclude that Wife had agreed to the
initial valuation of $685,000.
¶13 Because the parties could not agree on the value and
disposition of the home, a real estate commissioner was appointed and
appraised the home at $735,000, and several months later, at $760,000.
The family court acknowledged the commissioner’s testimony about the
nature of the home and the changing market, and accepted the higher
appraisal. The court confirmed that, due to the uniqueness of the marital
residence and because there had been no agreement as to the prior
appraised price of $685,000, it was appropriate to obtain updated
appraisals. Based on this record, we find no abuse of discretion by the
trial court in accepting the commissioner’s testimony and setting the
option price for Husband’s purchase of the property at $760,000.
Husband’s Non-Qualified Retirement Accounts
¶14 Husband claims the court lacked subject matter jurisdiction
or authority over the distribution of Husband’s non-matured, non-
qualified retirement accounts. We conclude otherwise.
¶15 The family court is vested with subject matter jurisdiction
over all domestic relations matters. In re Marriage of Dorman, 198 Ariz.
298, 301, ¶ 7, 9 P.3d 329, 332 (App. 2000). And the Arizona Supreme Court
made clear in Johnson v. Johnson, 131 Ariz. 38, 41, 638 P.2d 705, 708 (1981),
that pension rights, whether vested or non-vested, are community
property if the rights were acquired during marriage and are subject to
equitable division upon divorce. See also Koelsch v. Koelsch, 148 Ariz. 176,
180-81, 713 P.2d 1234, 1238-39 (1986) (holding non-mature pension
benefits are community property subject to equitable division if acquired
during the marriage); Boncoskey, 216 Ariz. at 451-52, ¶ 16, 167 P.3d at 708-
5
NATALE v. NATALE
Decision of the Court
09 (confirming that Johnson should be applied to non-mature pensions);
see generally Rinegar v. Rinegar, 231 Ariz. 85, 90, ¶21, 290 P.3d 1208, 1213
(App. 2012) (explaining that the trial court has jurisdiction to equitably
divide non-qualified pension plans acquired during the marriage).
Husband acquired rights to his retirement accounts during the marriage
and, as a result, the court had jurisdiction to address the division of
Husband’s retirement accounts.
¶16 Here, the court used the present cash value method to
determine and distribute to Wife her share of Husband’s non-qualified
retirement accounts. The present cash value method is one of the two
methods recognized in Johnson, and is preferred because it prevents future
entanglement between spouses and the court. Hetherington v.
Hetherington, 220 Ariz. 16, 19, ¶ 11, 202 P.3d 481, 484 (App. 2008) (holding
that the present cash value method relieves the former spouses from
“further entanglement” with the possibility of court involvement and
enforcement issues); Johnson, 131 Ariz. at 41-42, 638 P.2d at 708-09. The
court noted that Husband has not followed court orders in the past and
Husband has sufficient income to pay Wife at this time. The court also
considered Husband’s concern that he is bearing all the risk by allowing
Wife her share of benefits now and added an order that Wife repay
Husband if his employer does not ultimately pay him his retirement
benefits. On this record, we find no abuse of discretion.
Reimbursement for Husband’s Renovation Efforts
¶17 Husband contends he is entitled to a 20 percent contractor’s
fee for his efforts in renovating the marital home. Wife argues that
Husband waived his right to raise this issue on appeal because he failed to
formally plead the issue in his pre-trial statement or at trial. Generally,
issues and arguments raised for the first time on appeal are untimely and
deemed waived. See Pro Finish USA, Ltd. v. Johnson, 204 Ariz. 257, 267, ¶
41, 63 P.3d 288, 298 (App. 2003). Wife, however, put the issue in her
pretrial statement and Husband raised the issue at trial. Therefore,
Husband has not waived the issue. 1
¶18 At the July 2012 trial, the court heard testimony from the
parties, a witness who was helping Husband with the renovation, as well
1 Husband is precluded, however, from raising the contention that he is
entitled to an equitable lien because he failed to raise that issue at trial.
6
NATALE v. NATALE
Decision of the Court
as an accountant. It was clear that Husband was not a licensed contractor
and that Wife was inappropriately excluded from the house during the
renovations. It was also clear that only insurance proceeds that belonged
to the community (and not Husband’s sole and separate property) were
used to complete the renovations. The court explained in the dissolution
decree and reiterated in the August 2012 ruling that the insurance
proceeds were to be divided equally. As a result, the court rejected
Husband’s claim that he was entitled to a 20 percent contractor’s fee. The
court did not abuse its discretion by denying Husband’s request.
Attorneys’ Fees Award to Wife for Post-Trial
And Enforcement Proceedings
¶19 Husband argues that the court abused its discretion by
awarding Wife attorneys’ fees for the post-trial and enforcement
proceedings pursuant to A.R.S. § 25-324. We review an award of fees for
an abuse of discretion. In re Marriage of Robinson and Thiel, 201 Ariz. 328,
335, ¶ 20, 35 P.3d 89, 96 (App. 2001).
¶20 In awarding Wife fees, the court analyzed both the financial
resources of the parties and the reasonableness of their positions, in
accordance with A.R.S § 25-324. The court found that:
(1.) Husband has substantially greater earning potential than
Wife. Despite the financial assets Wife was awarded pursuant
to the parties’ dissolution, her part-time employment, and her
spousal maintenance award, Husband remains the party with
substantially greater financial resources.
(2.) With regard to the reasonableness of the positions the
parties have taken throughout the enforcement proceedings,
the Court finds as follows:
(a.) Wife took no unreasonable positions.
(b.) Husband took the following unreasonable positions.
(1.) His refusal to divide the non-retirement accounts,
which required Wife to file the enforcement action.
(2.) His refusal to appropriately account for his
expenditures of insurance proceeds in a timely manner,
which required Wife to file the enforcement action.
(3.) His position that he was somehow entitled to a 20%
“contractor’s fee.”
7
NATALE v. NATALE
Decision of the Court
(4.) His endorsement of Wife’s name on the insurance
proceeds check.
(5.) His failure to sign the “QDRO” in a timely manner,
which required Wife to file the enforcement action.
(6.) His failure to facilitate the division of the parties’
personal property, which remains in his exclusive
control, which required Wife to file the enforcement
action.
(7.) His failure to pay Wife her one-half interest in the
parties’ 2010 federal and state income tax refunds.
¶21 The record supports the court’s conclusions that Husband
has substantially greater earning capacity than Wife and had taken
unreasonable positions. Wife works as a part-time teacher’s aide with an
income of around $400 per month and receives $4,500 per month in
spousal maintenance. Husband is currently employed as a pilot for
Southwest Airlines with an income of approximately $268,000 per year
($22,333 per month), out of which he must pay the spousal maintenance.
Although Wife received half of the parties’ community property and
accounts, she still earns drastically less than Husband. On this record, the
court did not abuse its discretion in awarding attorneys’ fees to Wife for
both the post-trial proceedings and enforcement proceedings.
Attorneys’ Fees on Appeal
¶22 Wife requests an award of costs and attorneys’ fees on
appeal pursuant to A.R.S. § 25–324 and Arizona Rule of Civil Appellate
Procedure (ARCAP) 21. In accordance with § 25–324 and in our
discretion, we will award Wife a reasonable amount of attorneys’ fees, as
well as her taxable costs on appeal, upon her compliance with ARCAP 21.
CONCLUSION
¶23 We affirm the family court’s post-decree rulings challenged
herein.
:MJT
8