Evans v. State

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SUPREME COURT OF ARKANSAS
No. CR-12-338
CLEVELAND EVANS Opinion Delivered January 16, 2014
APPELLANT
APPEAL FROM THE PULASKI
V. COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
[NO. CR-2008-5049]
STATE OF ARKANSAS HONORABLE BARRY SIMS, JUDGE
APPELLEE
AFFIRMED.
PAUL E. DANIELSON, Associate Justice
Appellant Cleveland Evans was convicted of premeditated and deliberated capital
murder and sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole, and this court
affirmed that conviction and sentence in Evans v. State, 2011 Ark. 33, 378 S.W.3d 82. Evans
then filed a petition for postconviction relief pursuant to Arkansas Rule of Criminal
Procedure 37, alleging that his trial attorney was ineffective. After an evidentiary hearing, the
circuit court denied Evans’s petition on January 17, 2012. Evans now appeals from that denial
and argues that the circuit court erred by (1) not permitting him to amend his Rule 37
petition and (2) denying his petition. We affirm.
On the same day that Evans filed his Rule 37 petition, he filed a motion stating that
he was unable to adequately present his claims within Rule 37’s ten-page allotment and,
therefore, requested that the court either allow him to amend his petition or to file an over-
length petition. The circuit court denied his motion, and Evans now argues that the circuit
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court erred by doing so. He specifically argues that by the circuit court denying him an
attorney and not allowing him to amend his petition, the vast majority of his petition is
irrelevant to an argument that counsel was ineffective. We find no error in the circuit court’s
denial and affirm on this point.
First, although Evans did not develop an argument about not having been represented,
we note that there is no absolute right to appointment of counsel in postconviction or civil
matters. See Smith v. State, 2010 Ark. 365 (per curiam). We have held that if an appellant
makes a substantial showing that he is entitled to relief in a postconviction appeal and that he
cannot proceed without counsel, we will appoint counsel. See id. However, in the instant
case, Evans has not demonstrated merit to his appeal and, therefore, has not met his burden
of establishing that he is entitled to appointment of counsel.
We move now to Evans’s complaint regarding the page limitation. Under Ark. R.
Crim. P. 37.1(e), petitions for postconviction relief shall not exceed ten pages in length. This
court has held that the rule limiting petitions to ten pages is an entirely reasonable restriction
on petitioners seeking postconviction relief. See Sanders v. State, 352 Ark. 16, 98 S.W.3d 35
(2003); Washington v. State, 308 Ark. 322, 823 S.W.2d 900 (1992). In fact, this court has
stated that due process does not require courts to provide an unlimited opportunity to present
postconviction claims or prevent a court from establishing limits on the number of pages in
a petition. See id. While this court’s Rules of Criminal Procedure do allow for the
amendment of Rule 37 petitions, it is only with leave of the court. See Ark. R. Crim. P.
37.2(e). Our standard of review as to the denial of leave to amend is abuse of discretion; we
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determine whether the circuit court’s decision was arbitrary or groundless. See Adams v. State,
2013 Ark. 174, ___ S.W.3d ___.
Here, Evans fails to establish that the circuit court abused its discretion in denying the
motion to file an enlarged petition. He admittedly included only one paragraph in the entire
petition that was relevant to the issue of whether his counsel was ineffective and did not
include it until the twentieth paragraph. Evans failed to “state in concise non-repetitive,
factually specific language, the grounds upon which” his claims were based as instructed by
Rule 37.1. As a result, he squandered away the opportunity he had to raise the relevant
ineffective-assistance claims in his petition. Accordingly, the circuit court did not err in
denying his motion.
For his second point on appeal, Evans simply argues that his counsel was ineffective for
not having sent the casings and projectiles found at the scene of the crime to the Arkansas
Crime Laboratory for testing. However, that argument was not included in Evans’s original
Rule 37 petition. Although he now argues that he would have made that specific argument
had he been allotted the additional pages, the fact remains that the argument was not
presented in the petition and not specifically ruled on by the circuit court in its denial. We
have already determined that the court did not abuse its discretion by refusing to allow him
to file an extended brief. It is axiomatic that an argument is not preserved for appellate review
unless the circuit court ruled on that specific objection below. See Riley v. State, 2012 Ark.
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462. Therefore, this court cannot now reach this issue and must affirm.1
Affirmed.
Bill Luppen, for appellant.
Dustin McDaniel, Att’y Gen., by: Nicana C. Sherman, Ass’t Att’y Gen., for appellee.
1
In light of Martinez v. Ryan, ___ U.S. ___, 132 S. Ct. 1309 (2012), we also note
that Evans’s claim is without merit for the following reasons: (1) ballistics testing was
irrelevant to support the defense’s theory of the case that Evans was not present and,
therefore, could not have committed the crime; (2) given the circumstances, this court
could not have held that the failure to get that testing done was not within counsel’s
reasonable, professional judgment or was an error so serious that he was not functioning
as the constitutionally guaranteed “counsel”; and (3) Evans failed to demonstrate any
reasonable probability that ballistics testing would have yielded favorable results for the
defense.
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