Cox v. State

Cite as 2017 Ark. 209
SUPREME COURT OF ARKANSAS
No. CR-17-277
Opinion Delivered JUNE 1, 2017
DON MICHAEL COX PRO SE MOTION FOR BELATED
PETITIONER APPEAL AND RULE ON CLERK
AND MOTION FOR
V. APPOINTMENT OF COUNSEL
[PULASKI COUNTY CIRCUIT
STATE OF ARKANSAS COURT, NO. 60CR-14-2219]
RESPONDENT
HONORABLE JAMES LEON
JOHNSON, JUDGE
MOTION FOR BELATED APPEAL
AND RULE ON CLERK TREATED
AS MOTION FOR BELATED
APPEAL AND GRANTED; IN
FORMA PAUPERIS STATUS
GRANTED; WRIT OF
CERTIORARI TO BE FILED
WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS;
MOTION FOR COUNSEL MOOT.
SHAWN A. WOMACK, Associate Justice
Petitioner Don Michael Cox filed in this court a pro se motion for belated appeal
and rule on clerk. He later filed a pro se motion for appointment of counsel to represent
him in this court on the motion. Cox seeks to appeal a judgment entered September 16,
2016, that reflects Cox’s conviction on ten counts of distribution, possession, or viewing of
matter depicting sexually explicit conduct involving a child. The judgment indicates that
Cox entered a guilty plea and was sentenced by a jury to thirty-six months’ imprisonment
for each of the ten counts, with four of the counts to run consecutively, for an aggregate
Cite as 2017 Ark. 209
sentence of 144 months’ incarceration. Cox filed a pro se notice of appeal on October 28,
2016, and on November 1, 2016, his retained attorney, Stuart Vess, filed a motion to be
relieved. There is no order in the record lodged with the instant motion effective to grant
Vess’s motion to be relieved.
When the record was tendered to this court, our clerk declined to lodge it because
the notice of appeal was not timely. Under Arkansas Rule of Appellate Procedure–Criminal
2(a) (2016), Cox was required to file his notice of appeal within thirty days of the date of
the entry of the judgment, or no later than October 16, 2016. If the notice of appeal was
filed late, a motion to proceed with the appeal is properly treated as one for belated appeal.
Davis v. State, 2016 Ark. 47, 481 S.W.3d 764 (per curiam).
In his pro se motion, Cox alleges that he advised counsel that he wished to appeal
before the sentencing order was entered, that he could not pay the additional compensation
his attorney required for an appeal, that his notice of appeal was mailed to the circuit clerk
in a timely fashion and should have been filed by the clerk before the deadline, and that any
error that may have occurred concerning the notice’s delivery to the wrong court was
clerical error and not an indication that he did not wish to appeal. Cox attached to the
motion an affidavit in support of a request to proceed in forma pauperis. The record does
not reflect that Cox’s notice of appeal included a notarized statement as required under Rule
2(b)(3) so that the notice would be deemed filed as of the date it was deposited in the
detention facility’s legal mail system, but the postmark on the envelope contained in the
record indicates that the notice was posted on October 6, 2016, well before the expiration
of the deadline for filing.
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In his motion to be relieved in the trial court, Vess disputed the allegation that he
was advised of Cox’s desire to appeal. Because Cox is entitled to a direct appeal for the
sentencing phase of his trial, we grant the motion without regard to whether Cox timely
notified his attorney of his desire to appeal. See Davis v. State, 2016 Ark. 366 (per curiam)
(holding that, although a defendant may waive his right to appeal by failing to inform
counsel of his desire to appeal within the time for filing a notice of appeal, when counsel
had not been relieved and the defendant is entitled to a direct appeal as a matter of right,
the motion for belated appeal should be granted).
The record does not reflect that Cox entered a conditional plea, and our rules of
appellate procedure generally do not allow an appeal of a guilty plea. Ark. R. App. P.–
Crim. 1(a) (2016). However, an appeal may be taken after a guilty plea when it alleges
evidentiary errors which arose after the plea and during the sentencing phase. Johnson v.
State, 2010 Ark. 63. Cox is therefore entitled to a direct appeal of his sentencing hearing
only.
Although the partial record before this court includes a transcript of a posttrial hearing
that indicates that the trial court granted counsel’s motion to be relieved, the record, as
stated, does not contain a written order relieving counsel from his responsibility to represent
Cox on appeal. Under Arkansas Supreme Court Administrative Order 2(b)(2), an oral order
announced from the bench does not become effective until reduced to writing and filed of
record. Carr v. Nance, 2010 Ark. 25.
Our clerk is directed to lodge the partial record. Although the motion before us was
filed by Cox pro se, Vess remains attorney of record, and the appeal is to be docketed
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reflecting as much. See Davis, 2016 Ark. 366, at 1 (noting that Arkansas Rule of Appellate
Procedure–Criminal 16 provides in pertinent part that trial counsel, whether retained or
court appointed, shall continue to represent a convicted defendant throughout any appeal,
unless permitted by the trial court or the appellate court to withdraw in the interest of justice
or for other sufficient cause). As we grant the motion to proceed with the appeal and Cox
is represented on appeal, his pro se motion for appointment of counsel is moot.
The State has not contested Cox’s request to proceed as a pauper, and we accordingly
grant in forma pauperis status to Cox. Because Vess is attorney of record, he is responsible
for proceeding with the appeal as counsel.1 Counsel Vess is directed to file an appropriate
petition for writ of certiorari to complete the record lodged for the appeal within fourteen
days from the date of this order. When the supplemental record is received, our clerk will
set the briefing schedule for the appeal.
Motion for belated appeal and rule on clerk treated as motion for belated appeal and
granted; in forma pauperis status granted; writ of certiorari to be filed within fourteen days;
motion for appointment of counsel moot.
1
If Mr. Vess would seek appointment as counsel by this court so that he may be
eligible to file a motion for fees in the matter, he should file an appropriate motion making
that request promptly.
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