Opinion No.

Mr. Michael Wasserman, Sponsor Arkansas Hotels and Entertainment, Inc.

391 CR 214 Gainesville, Texas 76240

Dear Mr. Wasserman:

You have requested certification, pursuant to A.C.A. § 7-9-107 (Repl. 2000), of the popular name and ballot title for a proposed amendment to the Arkansas Constitution. You have submitted eight previous popular names and ballot titles for similar measures, four of which I rejected in Ops. Att'y Gen. Nos. 2011-131, 2009-010, 2006-053, 2006-037 and 2006-009, due to unresolved ambiguities in the text of each measure. This office certified three of your submissions, as evidenced by Op. Att'y Gen. Nos. 2009-214, 2009-045 and 2006-046. You have since elected to make changes to your measure and have submitted a revised popular name and ballot title for my certification.

Your proposed popular name and ballot title state as follows:

Popular Name AN AMENDMENT TO ALLOW ARKANSAS HOTELS AND ENTERTAINMENT, INC. TO OWN AND OPERATE SEVEN CASINO GAMING ESTABLISHMENTS, ONE EACH IN SEBASTIAN, PULASKI, GARLAND, MILLER, CRITTENDEN, BOONE AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES Ballot Title AN AMENDMENT TO THE ARKANSAS CONSTITUTION:

1) AUTHORIZING SEVEN CASINO GAMING ESTABLISHMENTS, TO BE OWNED AND OPERATED BY "ARKANSAS HOTELS AND ENTERTAINMENT, INC." (A PRIVATE FOR-PROFIT CORPORATION), ONE EACH TO BE LOCATED IN SEBASTIAN, PULASKI, GARLAND, MILLER, CRITTENDEN, BOONE AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES;

2) PROHIBITING THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION OF THE STATE FROM ENACTING ANY LEGISLATION, RULES OR REGULATIONS REGARDING CASINO GAMING;

3) PROHIBITING CASINO GAMING AT ANY OTHER THAN THE LOCATIONS OPERATED BY ARKANSAS HOTELS AND ENTERTAINMENT, INC.

4) PROHIBITING PERSONS UNDER THE AGE OF 21 FROM PARTICIPATING IN CASINO GAMING;

5) REQUIRING THAT THE GROSS GAMING REVENUE (AS DEFINED) OF EACH CASINO SHALL BE SUBJECT TO THE GROSS RECEIPTS TAX LEVIED BY ALL OF THE TAXING JURISDICTIONS WHERE A CASINO IS LOCATED AT THE SAME RATE AS FOR BUSINESSES GENERALLY, WITH THE TAX TO BE PAID TO THE STATE'S GENERAL REVENUE FUND ACCOUNT OF THE STATE APPORTIONMENT FUND.

6) FURTHER REQUIRING THAT THE GROSS GAMING REVENUE (AS DEFINED) OF EACH CASINO SHALL BE SUBJECT TO AN ADDITIONAL GROSS RECEIPTS TAX AT THE RATE OF TEN PERCENT (10%) WITH THE TAX TO BE PAID TO THE STATE'S GENERAL REVENUE FUND ACCOUNT OF THE STATE APPORTIONMENT FUND.

7) PROHIBITING ANY OTHER STATE OR LOCAL TAXES, FEES OR ASSESSMENTS ON THE FURNITURE, FIXTURES, EQUIPMENT, PROPERTY, BUSINESS OPERATIONS, GROSS REVENUES, GROSS GAMING REVENUES, OR INCOME OF ARKANSAS HOTELS AND ENTERTAINMENT, INC., DERIVED FROM OR USED IN CASINO GAMING EXCEPT AS LEVIED AGAINST BUSINESSES GENERALLY;

8) ALLOWING A CASINO TO OPERATE ANY DAY FOR ANY PORTION OF THE DAY;

9) ALLOWING THE SELLING OR FREE FURNISHING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES IN CASINOS DURING ALL HOURS THEY OPERATE BUT OTHERWISE REQUIRING ADHERENCE TO ALL ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE CONTROL BOARD REGULATIONS;

10) PERMITTING THE SHIPMENT OF GAMBLING DEVICES INTO AUTHORIZED COUNTIES FOR PURPOSES OF FEDERAL LAW;

11) RENDERING THE PROVISIONS OF THE AMENDMENT SEVERABLE;

12) DECLARING INAPPLICABLE ALL CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS AND LAWS TO THE EXTENT THEY CONFLICT WITH THIS AMENDMENT BUT NOT OTHERWISE REPEALING, SUPERSEDING, AMENDING OR OTHERWISE AFFECTING AMENDMENTS 84 (BINGO) AND 87 (STATEWIDE LOTTERY) TO THE ARKANSAS CONSTITUTION.

The Attorney General is required, pursuant to A.C.A. § 7-9-107, to certify the popular name and ballot title of all proposed initiative and referendum acts or amendments before the petitions are circulated for signature. The law provides that the Attorney General may substitute and certify a more suitable and correct popular name and ballot title, if he can do so, or if the proposed popular name and ballot title are sufficiently misleading, may reject the entire petition. Neithercertification nor rejection of a popular name and ballot title reflectsmy view of the merits of the proposal. This Office has been given noauthority to consider the merits of any measure.

In this regard, A.C.A. § 7-9-107 neither requires nor authorizes this office to make legal determinations concerning the merits of the act or amendment, or concerning the likelihood that it will accomplish its stated objective. In addition, following Arkansas Supreme Court precedent, this office will not address the constitutionality of proposed measures in the context of a ballot title review unless the measure is "clearly contrary to law." Kurrus v. Priest,342 Ark. 434, 29 S.W.3d 669 (2000); Donovan v. Priest, 326 Ark. 353, 931 S.W.2d (1996); Plugge v.McCuen, 310 Ark. 654, 841 S.W.2d 139 (1992). Consequently, this review has been limited to a determination, pursuant to the guidelines that have been set forth by the Arkansas Supreme Court, discussed below, of whether the proposed popular name and ballot title accurately and impartially summarize the provisions of your proposed amendment or act.

The purpose of my review and certification is to ensure that thepopular name and ballot title honestly, intelligibly, and fairly setforth the purpose of the proposed amendment or act. See Arkansas Women'sPolitical Caucus v. Riviere,282 Ark. 463, 466, 677 S.W.2d 846 (1984).

The popular name is primarily a useful legislative device.Pafford v. Hall, 217 Ark. 734, 233 S.W.2d 72 (1950). It need not contain detailed information or include exceptions that might be required of a ballot title, but it must not be misleading or give partisan coloring to the merit of the proposal. Chaney v. Bryant,259 Ark. 294, 532 S.W.2d 741 (1976); Moore v. Hall,229 Ark. 411, 316 S.W.2d 207 (1958). The popular name is to be considered together with the ballot title in determining the ballot title's sufficiency. Id.

The ballot title must include an impartial summary of the proposed amendment or act that will give the voter a fair understanding of the issues presented. Hoban v. Hall,229 Ark. 416, 417, 316 S.W.2d 185 (1958); Becker v. Riviere,270 Ark. 219, 223, 226, 604 S.W.2d 555 (1980). According to the court, if information omitted from the ballot title is an "essential fact which would give the voter serious ground for reflection, it must be disclosed." Bailey v. McCuen,318 Ark. 277, 285, 884 S.W.2d 938 (1994), citing Finn v. McCuen,303 Ark. 418, 798 S.W.2d 34 (1990); Gaines v. McCuen,296 Ark. 513, 758 S.W.2d 403 (1988); Hoban v. Hall, supra; andWalton v. McDonald, 192 Ark. 1155, 97 S.W.2d 81 (1936). At the same time, however, a ballot title must be brief and concise (see A.C.A. § 7-9-107(b)); otherwise voters could run afoul of A.C.A. § 7-5-522's five minute limit in voting booths when other voters are waiting in line. Bailey v. McCuen, supra. The ballot title is not required to be perfect, nor is it reasonable to expect the title to cover or anticipate every possible legal argument the proposed measure might evoke. Plugge v. McCuen, supra. The title, however, must be free from any misleading tendency, whether by amplification, omission, or fallacy; it must not be tinged with partisan coloring. Id. A ballot title must convey an intelligible idea of the scope and significance of a proposed change in the law. Christian Civic Action Committee v. McCuen,318 Ark. 241, 884 S.W.2d 605 (1994). It has been stated that the ballot title must be: 1) intelligible, 2) honest, and 3) impartial.Becker v. McCuen, 303 Ark. 482, 798 S.W.2d 71 (1990), citingLeigh v. Hall, 232 Ark. 558, 339 S.W.2d 104 (1960).

Applying the above precepts, it is my conclusion that your proposed popular name is acceptable and is therefore approved as submitted. In my judgment, however, minor changes in your ballot title are necessary both to accord with this office's formal requirements and to fully inform the voters of the effect of your measure. In the latter regard, I have slightly reworded Section 7 of your ballot title in the interest of clarity. Given these changes, the following ballot title is hereby substituted and certified:

Ballot Title AN AMENDMENT TO THE ARKANSAS CONSTITUTION:

1) AUTHORIZING SEVEN CASINO GAMING ESTABLISHMENTS, TO BE OWNED AND OPERATED BY "ARKANSAS HOTELS AND ENTERTAINMENT, INC." (A PRIVATE FOR-PROFIT CORPORATION), ONE EACH TO BE LOCATED IN SEBASTIAN, PULASKI, GARLAND, MILLER, CRITTENDEN, BOONE AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES; 2) PROHIBITING THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION OF THE STATE FROM ENACTING ANY LEGISLATION, RULES OR REGULATIONS REGARDING CASINO GAMING; 3) PROHIBITING CASINO GAMING AT ANY OTHER THAN THE LOCATIONS OPERATED BY ARKANSAS HOTELS AND ENTERTAINMENT, INC.; 4) PROHIBITING PERSONS UNDER THE AGE OF 21 FROM PARTICIPATING IN CASINO GAMING; 5) REQUIRING THAT THE GROSS GAMING REVENUE (AS DEFINED) OF EACH CASINO SHALL BE SUBJECT TO THE GROSS RECEIPTS TAX LEVIED BY THE TAXING JURISDICTIONS WHERE A CASINO IS LOCATED AT THE SAME RATE AS FOR BUSINESSES GENERALLY, WITH THE TAX TO BE PAID TO THE STATE'S GENERAL REVENUE FUND ACCOUNT OF THE STATE APPORTIONMENT FUND; 6) FURTHER REQUIRING THAT THE GROSS GAMING REVENUE (AS DEFINED) OF EACH CASINO SHALL BE SUBJECT TO AN ADDITIONAL TAX AT THE RATE OF TEN PERCENT (10%) WITH THE TAX TO BE PAID TO THE STATE'S GENERAL REVENUE FUND ACCOUNT OF THE STATE APPORTIONMENT FUND; 7) PROHIBITING ANY OTHER STATE OR LOCAL TAXES, FEES OR ASSESSMENTS OF ANY NATURE ON ARKANSAS HOTELS AND ENTERTAINMENT, INC., INCLUDING ON ITS FURNITURE, FIXTURES, EQUIPMENT, PROPERTY, BUSINESS OPERATIONS, GROSS REVENUES, GROSS GAMING REVENUES, OR INCOME DERIVED FROM OR USED IN CASINO GAMING EXCEPT AS LEVIED AGAINST BUSINESSES GENERALLY; 8) ALLOWING A CASINO TO OPERATE ANY DAY FOR ANY PORTION OF THE DAY; 9) ALLOWING THE SELLING OR FREE FURNISHING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES IN CASINOS DURING ALL HOURS THEY OPERATE BUT OTHERWISE REQUIRING ADHERENCE TO ALL ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE CONTROL BOARD REGULATIONS; 10) PERMITTING THE SHIPMENT OF GAMBLING DEVICES INTO AUTHORIZED COUNTIES FOR PURPOSES OF FEDERAL LAW; 11) RENDERING THE PROVISIONS OF THE AMENDMENT SEVERABLE; 12) DECLARING INAPPLICABLE ALL CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS AND LAWS TO THE EXTENT THEY CONFLICT WITH THIS AMENDMENT BUT NOT OTHERWISE REPEALING, SUPERSEDING, AMENDING OR OTHERWISE AFFECTING AMENDMENTS 84 (BINGO) AND 87 (STATEWIDE LOTTERY) TO THE ARKANSAS CONSTITUTION.

In my view, the purpose of your proposed measure is sufficiently stated in the above revised ballot title to satisfy this office's mandate under A.C.A. § 7-9-107. I believe a cautionary note is warranted, however, due to the significance of the subject matter undertaken, i.e., taxation and legalized gaming, and the complexity and far-reaching effects of this amendment. You should be aware that according to my experience there is a direct correlation between the length and complexity of initiated constitutional amendments and their susceptibility to a successful ballot title challenge. Any ambiguity in the text of a measure could lead to a successful challenge. That is why I urge you, if you have not already done so, to consult private counsel in order to be assured that the stated purpose is accomplished by the text of your proposal.

Pursuant to A.C.A. § 7-9-108, instructions to canvassers and signers must precede every petition, informing them of the privileges granted by the Constitution and of the penalties imposed for violations of this act. Enclosed herewith, over the signature of the Attorney General, are instructions that should be incorporated in your petition prior to circulation.

Sincerely,

DUSTIN McDANIEL Attorney General