Miller v. Arkansas Department of Human Services

Cite as 2015 Ark. App. 727
ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS
DIVISION III
No. CV-15-652
Opinion Delivered: DECEMBER 16, 2015
AMANDA MILLER
APPELLANT APPEAL FROM THE FRANKLIN
COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT,
V. NORTHERN DISTRICT [NO. JV-14-38]
HONORABLE KEN D. COKER, JR.,
ARKANSAS DEPARTMENT OF JUDGE
HUMAN SERVICES AND MINOR
CHILDREN
APPELLEES AFFIRMED
KENNETH S. HIXSON, Judge
Appellant Amanda Miller appeals from the termination of her parental rights to her
three daughters, A.C., age ten, E.M., age six, and N.M., age two. 1 On appeal, Amanda
argues that there was insufficient evidence to support any of the statutory grounds for
termination. We affirm.
We review termination of parental rights cases de novo. Mitchell v. Ark. Dep’t of
Human Servs., 2013 Ark. App. 715, 430 S.W.3d 851. At least one statutory ground must
exist, in addition to a finding that it is in the child’s best interest to terminate parental rights;
these must be proved by clear and convincing evidence. Ark. Code Ann. § 9-27-341 (Supp.
2015); M.T. v. Ark. Dep’t of Human Servs., 58 Ark. App. 302, 952 S.W.2d 177 (1997).
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E.M.’s and N.M.’s father, William Miller, had his parental rights terminated, and
A.C.’s father, Patrick Dowell, had his parental rights terminated. Neither of the fathers has
appealed.
Cite as 2015 Ark. App. 727
Clear and convincing evidence is that degree of proof that will produce in the factfinder a
firm conviction as to the allegation sought to be established. Anderson v. Douglas, 310 Ark.
633, 839 S.W.2d 196 (1992). The appellate inquiry is whether the trial court’s finding that
the disputed fact was proved by clear and convincing evidence is clearly erroneous. J.T. v.
Ark. Dep’t of Human Servs., 329 Ark. 243, 947 S.W.2d 761 (1997). A finding is clearly
erroneous when, although there is evidence to support it, the reviewing court on the entire
evidence is left with a definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been made. Yarborough
v. Ark. Dep’t of Human Servs., 96 Ark. App. 247, 240 S.W.3d 626 (2006).
Amanda Miller is married to William Miller, the biological father of the two youngest
children and A.C.’s stepfather. On July 30, 2014, appellee Department of Human Services
(DHS) filed a petition for emergency custody of all three children based on allegations that
A.C. had been repeatedly raped by her stepfather. Attached to the petition was an affidavit
stating that the Arkansas State Police had received a report from the child abuse hotline, and
that investigators subsequently interviewed A.C., E.M., and Amanda. During her
interview, A.C. disclosed that William had been having vaginal, anal, and oral sex with her
for more than a year. A.C. was able to describe the events in detail, and stated that it
happened “all the time.” A.C. indicated that the sexual abuse had occurred in her bedroom,
in his bedroom, and in the shed, and that it always happened when her mother was not at
home. A.C. stated that she never told her mother about this because she was afraid that her
mother might get mad at her.
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Cite as 2015 Ark. App. 727
During the interview with E.M., E.M. stated that she had seen A.C. “eat daddy’s
hoo hoo,” which is what she called his penis. E.M. also told the investigator that she had
told her mother about what she had seen, to which her mother replied, “Okay.”
When Amanda was interviewed and asked about these allegations, she denied that
A.C. could have been abused, stating that William had never been alone with A.C. and that
A.C. was not telling the truth. Amanda also denied that E.M. had ever told her anything
about the abuse.
Based on the information in the affidavit, the trial court entered an ex parte order for
emergency custody of all three children on July 30, 2014. A probable-cause order was
entered on August 19, 2014, wherein the trial court found probable cause that the
emergency conditions continued and that it was necessary for the children to remain in
DHS custody.
An adjudication hearing was held on November 19, 2014. At the adjudication
hearing, DHS played a video recording of A.C.’s statements to the investigator describing
in detail how A.C.’s stepfather had committed the sexual abuse against her. A recording of
E.M.’s interview was also introduced.
On December 18, 2014, the trial court entered an adjudication order finding the
children to be dependent-neglected. In the adjudication order, the trial court specifically
found the recorded testimony of A.C. to be very credible. The trial court’s finding of
dependency-neglect was based on clear and convincing evidence of William’s chronic sexual
abuse of A.C. and Amanda’s failure to protect A.C. from the sexual abuse.
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Cite as 2015 Ark. App. 727
DHS filed a petition to terminate Amanda’s parental rights, and the termination
hearing was held on March 31, 2015. The trial court entered an order terminating Amanda’s
parental rights to all three of her children on May 18, 2015.
In the termination order, the trial court found by clear and convincing evidence that
termination of parental rights was in the children’s best interest, and the court specifically
considered the likelihood that the children would be adopted, as well as the potential harm
of returning them to the custody of their parents as required by Arkansas Code Annotated
section 9-27-341(b)(3)(A)(i) & (ii) (Supp. 2015). The trial court also found clear and
convincing evidence of the following three statutory grounds under subsection (b)(3)(B):
(vi)(a) The court has found the juvenile or a sibling dependent-neglected as a result
of neglect or abuse that could endanger the life of the child, sexual abuse, or sexual
exploitation, any of which was perpetrated by the juvenile’s parent or parents or step-
parent or step-parents.
....
(vii)(a) That other factors or issues arose subsequent to the filing of the original
petition for dependency-neglect that demonstrate that placement of the juvenile in
the custody of the parent is contrary to the juvenile’s health, safety, or welfare and
that, despite the offer of appropriate family services, the parent has manifested the
incapacity or indifference to remedy the subsequent issues or factors or rehabilitate
the parent’s circumstances that prevent the placement of the juvenile in the custody
of the parent.
....
(ix)(a) The parent is found by a court of competent jurisdiction, including the
juvenile division of circuit court, to:
(3)(A) Have subjected any juvenile to aggravated circumstances.
(B) “Aggravated circumstances” means:
(i) A juvenile has been abandoned, chronically abused, subjected to extreme
or repeated cruelty, sexually abused, or a determination has been or is made
by a judge that there is little likelihood that services to the family will result
in successful reunification[.]
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Cite as 2015 Ark. App. 727
In the termination order, the trial court found that Amanda had steadfastly denied that any
sexual abuse had occurred, that she did not intend to separate from William, and therefore
that Amanda’s failure to protect her children would continue if any of her children were
returned to her.
In her testimony at the termination hearing, Amanda stated that she did not believe
that any sexual abuse had occurred and that “I haven’t believed A.C. since day one.”
Amanda maintained that she never left her children alone with her husband, and stated that
she would need to see physical proof before she would believe that anything had happened.
Amanda testified that “I just don’t believe my daughter and I never will.” When asked if
she would be willing to undergo counseling to try to see things a different way, Amanda
replied, “I’d undergo the counseling but I still just don’t think he did it.” Amanda indicated
that she thought that no amount of counseling would change her mind, but that she would
be “willing to give it a shot.”
On cross-examination, Amanda testified that although A.C. had told her about being
sexually abused at the age of five, A.C. said that she was joking. Amanda stated that A.C.
would always talk about sex at the age of five. Amanda also acknowledged that, despite her
home being in an extreme state of uncleanliness, she found time to pull the carpet out of
A.C.’s bedroom after DHS removed the children from the home. According to A.C.’s
statements, William had ejaculated on this carpet during the times that he had abused her in
her bedroom. Amanda stated that she wanted the carpet gone because A.C. had been using
the bathroom on it and it smelled. DHS workers, however, suspected that Amanda had
removed the carpet to cover up the abuse.
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Cite as 2015 Ark. App. 727
Melanie Taylor, A.C.’s counselor, testified that she counseled A.C. due to the trauma
associated with being sexually abused. Ms. Taylor stated that during the visits A.C. would
sometimes exhibit aggression and act out sexually. When Ms. Taylor spoke with Amanda
about the sexual abuse, Amanda told her that A.C. was lying. According to Ms. Taylor,
Amanda told her that there was something in William’s background that happened a long
time ago and that she went to great lengths to make sure that he was never alone with the
children. Ms. Taylor testified that there was not much of an emotional attachment between
Amanda and A.C., and that she did not think Amanda would support A.C. Ms. Taylor
further indicated that she did not think Amanda would ever acknowledge that any problem
existed involving sexual abuse, and that Amanda showed no willingness to be open to that
idea or try to work on the issue through counseling.
Arkansas State Police Investigator Sherry Buckner was the investigator who
interviewed A.C. about the suspected abuse. Investigator Buckner made a true finding of
sexual abuse by William and a true finding of failure to protect on Amanda. Upon speaking
with Amanda, Investigator Buckner believed that Amanda knew that William had been
molesting A.C. According to Investigator Buckner, Amanda was very antagonistic toward
A.C. and seemed to have little concern for her. When Investigator Buckner spoke to
Amanda about a protection plan, Amanda immediately told her that both A.C. and E.M.
could live with Amanda’s mother.
DHS caseworker Rachel Freeman observed the visits between Amanda and her
children. Ms. Freeman testified that Amanda was very loving toward E.M. and N.M., but
that she was very negative toward A.C. Ms. Freeman stated that A.C. would repeatedly tell
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Cite as 2015 Ark. App. 727
Amanda, “I love you mom,” but that Amanda would not tell A.C. that she loved her and
would not give A.C. a hug. Ms. Freeman said that Amanda did not seem to care about
A.C., almost as if she was not her child, and that Amanda told Ms. Freeman that she did not
want to visit A.C. anymore. Ms. Freeman also stated that, since the children had been
removed from the home, Amanda had sold most of the children’s belongings.
DHS worker Keith Thomas testified that the children were adoptable. Mr. Thomas
testified that Amanda blamed the children for everything that had occurred, and that the
children would be at risk of harm if they were returned to their parents.
In this appeal, Amanda does not challenge the trial court’s finding that termination
of her parental rights was in her children’s best interest. Instead, she challenges each of the
statutory grounds found by the trial court in support of the termination order.
As to the ground for termination under Arkansas Code Annotated section 9-27-
341(b)(3)(B)(vi), which permits termination when a juvenile has been found dependent-
neglected as a result of neglect or abuse that could endanger the life of the child, or sexual
abuse perpetrated by a parent or stepparent, Amanda contends that this ground was not
sufficiently alleged in DHS’s termination petition. Amanda asserts that the petition only
alleged that it was seeking termination under the sexual-abuse element of this ground as it
applied to William, and not on the neglect element of this ground. As such, Amanda argues
that she was not put on proper notice of this ground, and that this ground must be excluded
as one capable of supporting termination.
The two remaining grounds are the “other factors” ground pursuant to subsection
(b)(3)(B)(vii), and the “aggravated circumstances” ground pursuant to subsection
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Cite as 2015 Ark. App. 727
(b)(3)(B)(ix). Amanda argues that neither of these grounds supports termination because
DHS never offered her any counseling to address her denial that sexual abuse had been
committed by William against A.C. The “other factors” ground is dependent on “the offer
of appropriate family services,” and “aggravated circumstances” includes an element that
“there is little likelihood that services will result in successful reunification.” Because DHS
made no effort to provide counseling services to Amanda, she contends that neither of these
grounds was established and that the order terminating her parental rights should be
reversed.
We do not agree with Amanda’s contention that there were no statutory grounds
supporting the termination order. Only one statutory ground must be proved to support
the termination of parental rights. Willingham v. Ark. Dep’t of Human Servs., 2014 Ark. App.
568. On this record, we conclude that the trial court committed no error in finding that
Amanda had subjected her children to aggravated circumstances pursuant to Arkansas Code
Annotated section 9-27-341(b)(3)(B)(ix)(a)(3), because there was little likelihood that
services to the family would result in successful reunification.
The reason the children were removed from the home was because of sexual abuse
committed against A.C. by Amanda’s husband, William. A.C. gave a detailed account about
how William repeatedly executed the sexual abuse over a period of more than a year, and
the trial court found A.C. to be very credible. Despite this evidence of abuse, and evidence
that both A.C. and E.M. had at some point disclosed sexual abuse to Amanda, Amanda
refused to believe that anything inappropriate had occurred. Amanda made it clear in her
testimony that she never believed A.C., and that she would never believe that any sexual
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abuse occurred without physical proof. From the testimony of DHS’s witnesses, it was
clear that Amanda had shown virtually no affection or concern for A.C. since the allegations
of abuse had surfaced. Although Amanda did agree that she would give counseling “a shot,”
she also indicated that counseling was not going to change her mind about whether any
sexual abuse had occurred. Given Amanda’s denial of the abuse and her disregard of A.C.’s
well-being, the trial court correctly determined that Amanda’s failure to protect her children
would continue if the children were returned to her. Based on the evidence presented, we
hold that the trial court’s finding that there was little likelihood that services would result in
successful reunification was not clearly erroneous. Therefore, there were statutory grounds
to support the termination of Amanda’s parental rights, and we affirm the termination order.
Affirmed.
GRUBER and BROWN, JJ., agree.
Tabitha B. McNulty, Arkansas Public Defender Commission, for appellant.
Jerald A. Sharum, Office of Chief Counsel, for appellee.
Chrestman Group, PLLC, by: Keith L. Chrestman, attorney ad litem for minor
children.
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