1 WO 2 3 4 5 6 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 7 FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA 8 9 Angela Dawn Dowling, No. CV-24-00373-TUC-CKJ 10 Plaintiff, No. CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ No. CV-24-00481-TUC-CKJ 11 v. No. CV-24-00466-TUC-CKJ No. CV-24-00375-TUC-CKJ 12 United States Attorney's Office, et al., No. CV-24-03025-PHX-CKJ No. CV-24-03026-PHX-CKJ 13 Defendants. No. CV-24-03027-PHX-CKJ No. CV-24-02208-PHX CKJ 14 No. CV-24-02206-PHX-CKJ 15 AMENDED ORDER1 16 17 On October 21, 2024, this Court issued an Order notifying the Plaintiff that it 18 intended to impose a vexatious litigant injunction that among other things might preclude 19 her from continuing to file frivolous cases. (CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ, Order (Doc. 5)). 20 Since then, the Plaintiff has filed three more cases, CV-24-03025-PHX-CKJ, CV- 21 24-03026-PHX-CKJ, and CV-24-03027-PHX-CKJ which have been transferred to this 22 Court. Other cases have, likewise, been transferred to this Court in the interests of judicial 23 economy. Fed. R. Civ. P. 42(a); LRCiv. 42.1(e). This Court has reviewed all the cases 24 currently pending in the United States District Court for the District of Arizona, which in 25 addition to the three new cases include the following: CV-24-00481-TUC-CKJ, CV-24- 26 00466-TUC-CKJ, CV-24-00375-TUC-CKJ, CV-24-00373-TUC-CKJ, CV-24-03025- 27 1 Corrected to reflect Phoenix division distinction for: CV-24-03025-PHX-CKJ, CV-24- 28 03026-PHX-CKJ, CV-24-03027-PHX-CKJ, CV-24-02208-PHX CKJ, and CV-24-02206- PHX-CKJ. 1 PHX-CKJ, CV-24-03026-PHX-CKJ, CV-24-03027-PHX-CKJ, CV-24-02208-PHX CKJ, 2 and CV-24-02206-PHX-CKJ. In total, in determining that Plaintiff is a vexatious litigant 3 who has repeatedly filed frivolous cases, the Court has considered 28 cases filed by the 4 Plaintiff, both here and in Phoenix. They have all been frivolous and, even when afforded 5 an opportunity to amend, Plaintiff has instead filed another case. See e.g., CV-24-00374- 6 TUC-RCC, CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ. The Court’s October 21, 2024, Order warned 7 Plaintiff that it might enjoin her from making further filings without paying the filing fees, 8 if she continued such vexatious litigation, and cautioned her that further, even more 9 restrictive, sanctions, may issue if she continues to waste judicial resources by filing 10 frivolous actions. Id. at 9-10. 11 As she has continued to file frivolous lawsuits, the Court now imposes a vexatious 12 litigant injunction, affords Plaintiff an opportunity to show cause in writing why she should 13 not be subject to this injunction, denies Plaintiff in forma pauperis status in all the pending 14 cases and dismisses them with prejudice. 15 CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ 16 On October 21, 2024, when the Court notified the Plaintiff that the approximately 17 15 cases reviewed by it were dismissed as frivolous, it granted her leave to amend the 18 Complaint in CV-24-00490 TUC-CKJ. Id. at 5-8, 10-12. The Court explained deficiencies, 19 especially her failure to allege any facts to support the claims she made in the Complaint. 20 The Court explained that without such facts she failed to state a claim and failed to invoke 21 the jurisdiction of this Court. All the cases, except CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ, failed to even 22 mention the State of Arizona, name any Defendants residing in Arizona, or even allege that 23 she is a resident of Arizona. Only because Plaintiff is pro se, the Court afforded her an 24 opportunity to amend the Complaint in CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ to state a claim. Plaintiff 25 did not file an Amended Complaint. Id. at 9. For all the reasons given in the Court’s Order 26 issued on October 21, 2024, in CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ (Doc. 5), this case is dismissed 27 with prejudice. Id. at 7-9. 28 CV-24-03025-PHX-CKJ, CV-24-03026-PHX-CKJ, CV-24-03027-PHX-CKJ 1 The Court has reviewed these cases. These Complaints are devoid of factual 2 allegations. Plaintiff continues to summarily allege claims, such as fraud, kidnapping, 3 cyber stocking, assault, etc., without including even one factual allegation to show who 4 committed what act that forms the bases for the alleged claims. “A pleading that offers 5 ‘labels and conclusions’ or a formulaic recitation of the elements of cause of action will 6 not do.’ Nor does a complaint suffice if it tenders ‘naked assertions’ devoid of ‘further 7 factual enhancements.’” Ashcroft v Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009) (quoting Bell Atlantic 8 Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 554, 555, 557 (2007)). 9 In CV-24-3025-PHX-CKJ, Plaintiff alleges grand theft (vehicle theft), vandalism, 10 robbery, stocking, harassment, etc. She alleges the claims arose in Arizona, Texas, and 11 California. She names Defendants Arizona Vehicle Theft Task Force, Federal Bureau of 12 Investigations (FBI) (Arizona), and FBI (Washington DC). 13 In CV-24-3026-PHX-CKJ, Plaintiff alleges claims of fraud, cyber, tort, malpractice 14 (law), medical malpractice, kidnapping, assault, etc. She attaches documents to this 15 Complaint that reflect in September of 2024, she sought and was denied a social security 16 benefit hearing in New Jersey. She was represented by an attorney licensed in New Jersey. 17 She filed a Request for Review of Hearing Decision on October 15, 2024. She names 18 Defendants, including the Administrative Judge, involved in this social security 19 proceeding. She alleges she is a citizen of Texas, New Jersey, Arizona, and the USA. 20 In CV-24-3027-PHX-CKJ, Plaintiff alleges claims of child kidnapping and 21 document fraud in relation to court documents. She attaches a Civil Action Order issued 22 by the Superior Court of New Jersey, family court, from a child support hearing held on 23 September 30, 2024. She was represented by counsel. She sues the court, the defendant 24 and his attorney, and the North Arlington Police Department (New Jersey). The proceeding 25 was held in New Jersey, all Defendants are located in New Jersey, and Plaintiff alleges she 26 is a citizen of an “unknown state.” The proceeding appears to be ongoing. 27 While Plaintiff may reside in many states, she may only be domiciled as a citizen of 28 one state. See McIntosh v. Maricopa Cty., 241 P.2d 801, 802 (Ariz. 1952) (“It is often said 1 that a person may have several ‘residences’ but only one domicile.”) A residence is of a 2 more temporary character than domicile, with a person’s domicile being their permanent 3 home, where they reside with the intention to remain or to which they intend to return. Lew 4 v. Moss, 797 F.2d 747, 749 (9th Cir. 1986). There is no suggestion in any of the 5 approximately 28 cases filed by the Plaintiff that she is domiciled in Arizona, i.e., a citizen 6 of the State of Arizona. As noted in its Order issued CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ, Plaintiff 7 fails to allege any facts to invoke federal jurisdiction based on diversity, 28 U.S.C. § 1332, 8 in this venue, i.e., in Arizona. (CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ, Order (Doc. 5) at 4.) 9 In all three new cases, Plaintiff provides her address as Cypress, Texas. This Court 10 notes that of the several Orders issued by it in October, nine were sent to the Plaintiff at 11 the Cypress, Texas, address and two were returned as undeliverable. The remaining Orders 12 issued in October were sent to Plaintiff at a Costa Mesa, California, address, without being 13 returned to the Court. Two Orders were sent to a New Jersey address and neither returned 14 as undeliverable. As noted in the Order issued by this Court in October, it is the Plaintiff’s 15 responsibility to keep the Court informed of any change in address. Id. at 4. It appears she 16 likely remains in violation of the LRCiv. 83.3(d) and LRCiv. 83.3(c), which require her to 17 file a notice of a name or address change no later than 14 days before the effective date of 18 the change. The Court directs this Order to be issued in each case and sent to whichever 19 address is reflected for the case. In this way, Plaintiff will receive a copy of the Order at 20 her Texas, California, and New Jersey addresses. 21 Like the cases and for the reasons explained in the Court’s Order issued in CV-24- 22 00490-TUC-CKJ, these three new cases are factually and legally frivolous. She persistently 23 alleges her claims summarily, without including any supporting factual allegations. The 24 attached social security benefit and child support hearing documents allow the Court to 25 confirm its conclusion, that like all the other cases she has filed, the Plaintiff fails to state 26 a claim that invokes the jurisdiction of this Court, and it is not the proper venue. The Court 27 dismisses with prejudice, the following cases: CV-24-03025-PHX-CKJ, CV-24-03026- 28 PHX-CKJ, CV-24-03027-PHX-CKJ. 1 CV-24-00481-TUC-CKJ, CV-24-00466-TUC-CKJ, CV-24-00375-TUC-CKJ, CV-24- 2 00373-TUC-CKJ, CV-24-02208-PHX-CKJ, and CV-24-02206-PHX-CKJ. 3 Plaintiff files mirror cases, summarily alleging cyber, bank fraud, and terrorism in 4 CV-24-02208-PHX-CKJ against the federal district court in San Francisco and Superior 5 Court of California, and in CV-24-02206-PHX-CKJ she names federal Defendants, Federal 6 Trade Commission and the U.S. Department of Justice. In CV-24-00373-TUC-CKJ, 7 Plaintiff alleges claims of police brutality involving Defendants the Orange County Jail 8 and the District Attorney’s Office, California. In CV-24-00375-TUC-CKJ, she alleges 9 cyber, harassment, assault, robbery against “Unknown” Defendants with the caption 10 including the CISA, FBI, FTC, and the State of Arizona. In CV-24-00481-TUC-CKJ, she 11 sues individuals in the Orange County Attorney’s Office and other persons associated with 12 a case brought in California against her for receiving stolen good involving a reportedly 13 stolen rental car. In CV-24-00466-TUC-CKJ, like her new case CV-24-3027 PHX-CKJ, 14 she alleges claims related to the child support proceedings in New Jersey of fraudulent 15 court documents and hearings, and malpractice (law). 16 The above recitations are not summaries of the cases. The Court recites the 17 Plaintiff’s presentation of the claims in these cases. She includes nothing more in the 18 Complaints by way of facts to reflect who did what, when or where. All the Complaints 19 fail because they lack factual allegations showing she is entitled to relief or to envoke 20 federal jurisdiction in this Court. Her presentations fail under Iqbal and Twombly. 21 Conclusion 22 Every Complaint fails because it is factually and legally frivolous. For all the 23 reasons stated in the Order issued on October 21, 2024, the Complaints, first, fail to 24 establish subject-matter jurisdiction and, second, fail to state a claim. The United States 25 District Court for the District of Arizona is not the proper venue for these cases because 26 the Complaints fail to reflect that Plaintiff is a citizen of this state or that the claims arose 27 from events occurring in the State of Arizona. 28 Moreover, the Court must dismiss an in forma pauperis case at any time if the 1 allegation of poverty is found to be untrue or if it is determined that the action is frivolous 2 or malicious, or seeks monetary relief against an immune defendant. 28 U.S.C. § 3 1915(e)(2), Tripati v. First Nat'l Bank & Trust, 821 F.2d 1368, 1369 (9th Cir. 1987) 4 (finding court should deny in forma pauperis status at the outset if face of complaint shows 5 action is frivolous or without merit). See Smart v. Heinze, 347 F.2d 114, 116 (9th Cir. 6 1965) (explaining in forma pauperis proceeding is a privilege not a right) The Court denies 7 Plaintiff in forma pauperis status in all the pending cases. It does not afford Plaintiff an 8 opportunity to pay the filing fee. The Court dismisses the in forma pauperis proceedings. 9 Ordinarily, the pro se litigant will be permitted to amend the complaint in order to 10 state a plausible claim. United States v. Corinthian Colleges, 655 F.3d 984, 995 (9th Cir. 11 2011). Dismissal without leave to amend is only proper if it is clear that the complaint 12 could not be saved by any amendment. Id. The Court does not give Plaintiff leave to amend 13 the deficient Complaints because it is clear that they cannot be cured by amendment, 14 especially because there is a lack of venue in this Court over actions that did not occur in 15 the State of Arizona. 16 Plaintiff has over the course of 28 cases, repeatedly filed legally and factually 17 frivolous cases. After being given notice of pleading deficiencies and opportunities to 18 amend, she has not made amendments, but instead she has filed additional cases which are 19 equally frivolous. This Court has the power to regulate “abusive litigants” and impose pre- 20 filing orders against vexatious litigants. (CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ, Order (Doc. 5) at 9 21 (citing De Long v. Hennessey, 912 F.2d 1144, 1147 (1990)). The Court applies the Ninth 22 Circuit’s four-part test to determine if a Plaintiff qualifies as a vexatious litigant. De Long, 23 912 F.2d at 1147. The Court relies on the record reviewed in its Order issued October 21, 24 2024, and this Order, and the substantive findings contained in both that Plaintiff’s actions 25 have been frivolous and a demonstration of the abuse of the judicial system. The Court will 26 narrowly tailor the injunction to address the deficiencies at hand and afford Plaintiff an 27 opportunity to object. 28 Accordingly, 1 IT IS ORDERED that in forma pauperis status is denied in all Plaintiff’s pending 2 cases, and all the pending actions are dismissed with prejudice. The Clerk of the Court shall 3 enter Judgments and close the cases. This Order shall be issued, and Judgments shall be 4 entered in each case and sent to whichever address is reflected for that case. 5 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that all future filings by Plaintiff in the United States 6 District Court for the District of Arizona in any division shall be assigned to this Court. 7 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Plaintiff, under her name or any other name or 8 alias or on behalf of any other person, is enjoined from filing or lodging any further 9 complaints in any division of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona 10 without paying the filing fee. 11 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that if Plaintiff seeks to proceed in forma pauperis 12 in any future action, she must obtain leave of the Court by filing a Motion for Leave to 13 File,” and attaching a copy of the Complaint and Application to Proceed In Forma 14 Pauperis. She must also include an affidavit certifying that the claim or claims presented 15 are new and have not been raised by Plaintiff in a federal court and that to the best of 16 Plaintiff’s knowledge, the claim or claims presented are neither factually nor legally 17 frivolous and are not taken in bad faith. The Plaintiff must attach a copy of the Complaint 18 and an Application to Proceed In Forma Pauperis reflecting her financial circumstances. 19 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Clerk of the Court shall not accept, shall 20 not return, and shall discard every in forma pauperis lawsuit submitted by Plaintiff that is 21 not accompanied by a Motion for Leave to File, the attached complaint, application for in 22 forma pauperis status, and the certification- as required above. 23 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that within 14 days of the filing date of this Order, 24 Plaintiff may file an Objection to this Injunction to show cause why it should not be 25 enforced against her. She may file the objection in CV-24-00490-TUC-CKJ; it is not 26 necessary to file the objection in the other cases which are dismissed here subsequent to 27 the denial of in forma pauperis status. 28 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that in the event the Plaintiff fails to file an 1 || Objection, this injunction shall be enforced by the Clerk of the Court without further 2|| directive from this Court. If Plaintiff files an Objection, the Court will rule accordingly. 3 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Clerk of the Court shall retain a copy of this 4|| Order in each division of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. 5 Dated this 25th day of November, 2024. 6 Ee LO Dregs 8 Honorable Cin . Jofgenson United States District Judge 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 -8-