United States v. Waldrup

F I L E D
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
JUL 11 2002
FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT
PATRICK FISHER
Clerk
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff - Appellee, No. 00-5241
(D.C. No. 99-CV-993-C,
v. 98-CR-25-C)
(N.D. Oklahoma)
BOBBY GENE WALDRUP,
Defendant - Appellant.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT *
Before EBEL , HOLLOWAY , and MURPHY , Circuit Judges.
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of
this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is
therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.
Bobby Gene Waldrup challenges a district court order denying his request
for re-consideration of an argument made in his earlier motion to vacate, set aside,
*
This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the
doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. The court
generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order
and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.
or correct his sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. Previously, we granted a
certificate of appealability, see 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c), on Mr. Waldrup’s claim that
the district court should have required his federal sentence to run concurrently
with his state sentence.
Upon a thorough review of the record and the arguments presented, we
conclude that Mr. Waldrup is not entitled to relief. We vacate the district court’s
order because the appealed ruling addressed a second or successive § 2255 motion
which, under the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA),
may not be filed in the district court without authorization from this court.
Further, we determine that the certificate of appealability was improvidently
granted.
I.
While in state custody on drug charges, Mr. Waldrup was temporarily
transferred to federal custody, under a writ of habeas corpus ad prosequendum , for
proceedings relating to a charge of illegal possession of a sawed-off shotgun in
violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1), (g)(8) and 26 U.S.C. § 5841. He entered a
guilty plea to the federal charge and was sentenced to thirty-months’
imprisonment. Because no other sentence was imposed at the time, the federal
sentence was silent as to whether it was to run concurrently or consecutively with
a later-imposed state sentence.
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Mr. Waldrup then pled nolo contendere to unlawful possession of a
controlled drug in Tulsa County District Court. The state court sentenced
Mr. Waldrup to ten years’ imprisonment, indicating that its sentence was to run
concurrently with the federal sentence. Mr. Waldrup alleges that he learned later
that his federal detainer provided that his federal sentence run consecutively to the
state sentence.
Subsequently, Mr. Waldrup filed a pro se § 2255 motion in the Northern
District of Oklahoma, his trial and sentencing court, primarily on a contention that
he had received ineffective assistance of counsel in connection with a search-and-
seizure question. The motion also alluded to his concern that his federal sentence
was calculated consecutively to the state sentence. The district court denied the
§ 2255 motion, specifically addressing the sentencing issue. 1
1
We note that a federal court is not bound by the determination of a state
court as to whether a prisoner’s federal sentence should be consecutive or
concurrent. See United States v. Williams , 46 F.3d 57, 58 (10th Cir. 1995). By
statute, if a federal court’s order is silent on the issue of order of service, the
terms are considered to be consecutive. See 18 U.S.C. § 3584(a) (stating that
“[m]ultiple terms of imprisonment imposed at different times run consecutively
unless the court orders that the terms are to run concurrently.”). Thus, when an
individual is in the primary custody of a state at the time of federal sentencing,
and the federal court does not anticipate a subsequent state court sentence, the
Bureau of Prisons applies § 3584(a) to calculate a consecutive term of
imprisonment. A state-court judgment imposing a sentence to be run concurrently
with a previously-imposed federal sentence has no practical effect on the
Bureau’s calculation.
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Mr. Waldrup did not timely appeal the denial of the § 2255 motion. Almost
ten months later, he filed another pleading in district court, denominated as a
petition for amended judgment and sentence. That filing repeated his request for
an amendment of his federal sentence to make it run concurrently with the state
sentence. The district court summarily denied the second request. After the
denial, Mr. Waldrup filed a motion in this court which was liberally construed as a
notice of appeal. The dispositive issue on appeal concerns the characterization of
Mr. Waldrup’s second request in the district court.
II.
A second § 2255 motion submitted by a federal prisoner is “considered
successive and barred under AEDPA ‘except in very limited circumstances.’”
United States v. Torres , 282 F.3d 1241, 1245 (10th Cir. 2002) (quoting United
States v Kelly , 235 F.3d 1238, 1241 (10th Cir. 2000)). 2
Under the relevant
2
In pertinent part, § 2255 provides:
A second or successive motion must be certified as provided in
section 2244 by a panel of the appropriate court of appeals to
contain--
(1) newly discovered evidence that . . . would be sufficient to
establish by clear and convincing evidence that no reasonable
factfinder would have found the movant guilty of the offense; or
(2) a new rule of constitutional law, made retroactive to cases on
(continued...)
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provisions, a § 2255 movant is required to obtain prior authorization from this
court before filing a second motion in district court. This court may allow a
successive motion “only if there is newly discovered, clearly exculpatory evidence
introduced, or if the case raises a new rule of constitutional law that has been
made retroactive by the Supreme Court.” United States v. Mora , No. 01-8020,
2002 WL 1317126, *3 (10th Cir. June 18, 2002) (citing Browning v. United States ,
241 F.3d 1262, 1265-66 (10th Cir. 2001)).
The “bar against successive § 2255 petitions” may not be avoided “by
simply styling a petition under a different name.” Torres, 282 F.3d at 1246.
Otherwise, AEDPA’s procedural restraints would be “severely eroded.” Id. In
Torres , we determined that a filing styled “petition for a writ of error coram nobis
and/or petition for a writ of audita querela,” id. at 1242, was actually a second or
successive § 2255 motion, id. at 1246. Similarly, in Lopez v. Douglas , 141 F.3d
974, 975-76 (10th Cir. 1998), we characterized a § 2254 petitioner’s motion for
2
(...continued)
collateral review by the Supreme Court, that was previously
unavailable.
The cross-referenced provision of § 2244(b)(3)(A) states: “Before a second or
successive application . . . is filed in the district court, the applicant shall move in
the appropriate court of appeals for an order authorizing the district court to
consider the application.”
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reconsideration, filed under Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b)(6), as a second or successive
habeas petition.
Mr. Waldrup’s second filing in the district court repeated and reargued a
claim made in his § 2255 motion. As a consequence, it amounted to a second or
successive motion which could not be filed in the district court without prior
authorization from this court. Because Mr. Waldrup did not obtain the required
authorization, the district court lacked jurisdiction to decide the reconsideration
request. Its order denying Mr. Waldrup’s motion, therefore, must be vacated.
Lopez, 141 F.3d at 974 .
III.
This court, however, will construe Mr. Waldrup’s filings on appeal as an
implied application for leave to file a second § 2255 motion. See Torres , 282 F.3d
at 1246. Our review of these filings discloses that Mr. Waldrup does not meet the
required standards for authorization of a second or second motion. He makes no
claim of newly discovered evidence and submits no argument relying on a new
rule of constitutional law made retroactive by the Supreme Court.
Accordingly, we DENY the implied application for leave to file a second
petition in the district court and VACATE the district court’s order denying
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reconsideration of Mr. Waldrup’s original § 2255 motion. We also vacate this
court’s grant of a certificate of appealability. The appeal is DISMISSED.
Entered for the Court
William J. Holloway, Jr.
Circuit Judge
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