United States v. Chavez

FILED
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
May 24, 2011
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
Elisabeth A. Shumaker
Clerk of Court
TENTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v. No. 10-1415
JERRYCA P. CHAVEZ, a/k/a Jerryca (D.C. No. 1:10-CR-00047-CMA-1)
Baros, a/k/a Misty Hetzel, (D. Colo.)
Defendant-Appellant.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT *
Before BRISCOE, Chief Judge, ANDERSON and MURPHY, Circuit Judges.
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist in the determination
of this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is,
therefore, submitted without oral argument.
Jerryca Chavez appeals from her sentence of 60 months’ imprisonment for
*
This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the
doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited,
however, for its persuasive value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th
Cir. R. 32.1.
pleading guilty to one count of wire fraud and one count of aggravated identity
theft. Chavez’s appointed counsel filed an Anders brief (1) asserting that there
are no non-frivolous grounds upon which Chavez can appeal the district court’s
sentence and (2) moving to withdraw as counsel. See Anders v. California, 386
U.S. 738 (1967). Exercising jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291, we grant
counsel’s motion to withdraw and dismiss this appeal.
I
In April 2010, Chavez pled guilty to one count of wire fraud in violation of
18 U.S.C. § 1343 and one count of aggravated identity theft in violation of 18
U.S.C. § 1028A(a)(1). Based on an offense level of 18 and a criminal history
category of III, the guideline range for Chavez’s wire fraud conviction was 33-41
months. ROA Vol. 3, at 23. In addition, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1028A, Chavez
was required to serve a consecutive two-year sentence for her aggravated identity
theft conviction. Id.
At sentencing, Chavez neither challenged the facts contained in the pre-
sentence report nor objected to the calculations used to arrive at the advisory
guideline range. Chavez did, however, ask the district court to vary downward on
her wire fraud conviction, requesting that it sentence to her to 18 months, rather
than to a sentence within the 33-41 month guideline range. The prosecution
opposed Chavez’s request. After hearing the parties’ arguments and testimony
from an FBI agent who described the impact of Chavez’s crimes on her victims,
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the district court sentenced Chavez to 36 months’ imprisonment for her wire fraud
conviction in addition to the 24-month mandatory consecutive sentence for
aggravated identity theft. Chavez timely appealed her sentence to this court.
II
Counsel for Chavez has filed an Anders brief advising the court that
Chavez’s appeal is wholly frivolous and seeking permission to withdraw.
Pursuant to Anders, counsel may “request permission to withdraw where [he or
she] conscientiously examines a case and determines that any appeal would be
wholly frivolous.” United States v. Calderon, 428 F.3d 928, 930 (10th Cir. 2005).
When seeking permission to withdraw, counsel is required to submit an appellate
brief “indicating any potential appealable issues based on the record.” Id. Once
notified of counsel’s brief, the defendant may submit additional arguments to the
court. Id. The court “must then conduct a full examination of the record to
determine whether defendant’s claims are wholly frivolous.” Id.
Counsel’s Anders brief was served on Chavez, and she filed a response to
the brief. The government declined to file a response, explaining that counsel’s
Anders brief correctly set forth the applicable facts and law. Our resolution of
this case is therefore based on counsel’s Anders brief, Chavez’s response, and our
independent review of the record.
Having independently reviewed the record and analyzed the parties’
arguments, we grant counsel’s motion to withdraw and dismiss this appeal. In
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doing so, we agree with counsel’s assertion that Chavez can present no non-
frivolous arguments on appeal. First, Chavez cannot bring any non-jurisdictional
claims relating to her conviction. United States v. Wright, 43 F.3d 491, 494 (10th
Cir. 1994) (“A defendant who knowingly and voluntarily pleads guilty waives all
non-jurisdictional challenges to his conviction.”). Second, Chavez cannot bring
forth a good faith jurisdictional claim on appeal because there is no reason to
question the validity of her guilty plea. The record indicates that Chavez
knowingly and voluntarily pled guilty to wire fraud and aggravated identity theft,
ROA Vol. 2, at 7-25, and she does not argue otherwise in her response brief.
Third, we conclude that Chavez cannot in good faith attack the procedural
reasonableness of her sentence. Although Chavez now contends that she was
under the influence of drugs and was therefore incapable of objecting to the
guideline calculations at sentencing, her counsel had filed a sentencing
memorandum after receipt of the Presentence Report and prior to sentencing. No
objection was made in that pleading to the guideline calculations. In fact, counsel
stated that the guideline calculation of 33 to 41 months for wire fraud, and a
mandatory consecutive 24 months for aggravated identity theft, were not disputed.
ROA Vol. 1, at 61. Because Chavez did not object to the guideline calculations
or the district court’s fact findings, we review procedural reasonableness for plain
error. United States v. Torres-Duenas, 461 F.3d 1178, 1183 (10th Cir. 2006).
And having reviewed the record, we find no indication that the district court
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plainly erred in accepting the facts contained in the presentence report or in
calculating the applicable guideline range. We note that Chavez argues in her
response brief that the district court should not have increased her criminal
history category by two levels based on its finding that she was “under a deferred
judgment” from a Colorado state court at the time she committed wire fraud and
identity theft in May 2005. ROA Vol. 3, at 17. According to Chavez, the
Colorado state court terminated her deferred judgment before May 2005. We note
that while the record does not indicate when the deferred judgment was
terminated, the documentation Chavez attached to her response brief indicates
that it was terminated on January 24, 2006, more than eight months after she
committed the crimes of conviction. Accordingly, the district court did not err by
increasing Chavez’s criminal history category by two levels.
We also conclude that Chavez cannot argue in good faith that the district
court’s sentence is substantively unreasonable. Sentences within the guideline
range are presumptively reasonable, and we find no evidence indicating that the
district court’s sentence was “arbitrary, capricious, whimsical, or manifestly
unreasonable.” United Sells v. Sells, 541 F.3d 1227, 1237 (10th Cir. 2008)
(citations omitted). Although the district court denied Chavez’s request for a
downward variance on her wire fraud sentence, the record indicates the district
court was well within its discretion in doing so. In addition to the fact that
Chavez fraudulently obtained approximately $214,000 from more than ten
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victims, she has a significant criminal history, having previously been convicted
of various crimes including felony theft and possession of drug paraphernalia.
ROA Vol. 3 at 7, 13-16.
Finally, we note counsel’s representation that Chavez requested that he
appeal the district court’s order that her aggravated identity theft conviction run
consecutively with her conviction for wire fraud. This is a frivolous argument
because Congress has mandated that sentences for aggravated identity theft
convictions run consecutive to sentences for related fraud crimes. See 18 U.S.C.
§ 1028A(b)(2). The district court was therefore required to sentence Chavez to a
2-year consecutive sentence for her aggravated identity theft conviction.
III
We conclude that any appeal of the district court’s sentence would be based
on frivolous arguments. We therefore GRANT counsel’s motion to withdraw and
DISMISS this appeal.
Entered for the Court
Mary Beck Briscoe
Chief Judge
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