United States v. Carrasquillo

10-5162-cr (L)
United States v. Carrasquillo
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A
SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED
BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1.
WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY
MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE
NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY
OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
At a stated Term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the
Daniel Patrick Moynihan United States Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of New York,
on the 5th day of November, two thousand twelve.
Present: AMALYA L. KEARSE,
ROSEMARY S. POOLER,
BARRINGTON D. PARKER
Circuit Judges.
_____________________________________________________
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Appellee,
-v- 10-5162-cr(L)
11-2750-cr (Con)
VICTOR CARRASQUILLO AND STEVEN WADMAN
Defendants-Appellants.
_____________________________________________________
Appearing for Appellants: Philip R. Schatz, for Wadman, Wrobel & Schatz, New York, NY
and Malvina Nathanson, for Carrasquillo, New York, NY.
Appearing for Appellee: Brian A. Jacobs, Assistant United States Attorney, (Brent S.
Wible, Assistant United States Attorney, on the brief), for Preet
Bharara, United States Attorney for the Southern District of New
York, New York, NY
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York
(Sullivan, J.).
ON CONSIDERATION WHEREOF, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED,
AND DECREED that the judgment of said District Court be and it hereby is AFFIRMED.
Defendant-appellant Victor Carrasquillo appeals from a December 13, 2010 judgment of
conviction by Judge Richard J. Sullivan in the Southern District of New York, following a guilty
plea. Carrasquillo contends that the 120-month sentence imposed upon him, which was 12
months above the applicable Guidelines range was substantively unreasonable. Defendant-
appellant Steven Wadman appeals from a judgment of conviction entered on July 1, 2011,
following a one-week trial, before Judge Sullivan and a jury. Among other counts, Wadman was
convicted of possessing a firearm in furtherance of such crime, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §
924(c)(1)(A)(i). Wadman challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to support the jury’s guilty
verdict on Count Two. We assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts, procedural
history, and specification of issues for review.
In determining whether a lower court’s decision was substantively unreasonable, the
appellate court engages in a very “deferential review” considering whether the district court
attributed the appropriate weight to the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) sentencing factors. United States v.
Cavera, 550 F.3d 180, 200 (2d Cir. 2008). The fact that the appellate court “might reasonably
have concluded that a different sentence was appropriate” is “insufficient to justify reversal of
the district court.” Gall v. United States, 552 U.S. 38, 50 (2007).
We affirm the above-Guidelines-sentence imposed by the district court. United States v.
Fairclough, 439 F.3d 76 (2d Cir. 2006) (finding that a sentence beyond the Guidlelines range is
not by itself substantively unreasonable). The district court gave appropriate weight to the
relevant sentencing factors. See Cavera, 550 F.3d at 191. In departing upwards from the
Guidelines, the district Court found it significant that Carrasquillo had continued to sell drugs
from prison while on bail stating, that his “engaging in...serious crimes” while “awaiting
sentencing” served to “take[] this out of a standard case” [A.225] and demonstrated the need to
impose a sentence that would send “a message...with force” that when defendants have “pled
guilty, when they have accepted responsibility for a crime, they can’t go to [prison] and just
continue engaging in crimes.” [A.227]. Courts appropriately consider such character and
conduct for sentencing. See 18 U.S.C. 3553(a); see also Williams v. New York, 337 U.S. 241,
247 (1949) (stating background, character and conduct of a person convicted may be considered
for sentencing). The district court properly considered Carrasquillo’s health conditions, but
determined that a 120-month sentence was reasonable given his continued criminal activity.
A defendant challenging the sufficiency of the evidence bears a “heavy burden,” United
States v. Gaskin, 364 F.3d 438, 459 (2d Cir. 2004), as the standard of review is “exceedingly
deferential,” United States v. Hassan, 578 F.3d 108, 126 (2d Cir. 2008). “We defer to the jury’s
determination of the weight of the evidence and the credibility of the witnesses, and to the jury’s
choice of the competing inferences that can be drawn from the evidence,” United States v.
Morrison, 153 F.3d 34, 49 (2d Cir. 1998); and we must affirm the conviction so long as from the
inferences reasonably drawn, the jury might fairly have concluded guilt beyond a reasonable
doubt, see, e.g., United States v. Buck, 804 F.2d 239, 242 (2d Cir. 1986). Section 924(c) of Title
18 of the United States Code sets forth criminal penalties for any person (1) who “during and in
relation to any . . . drug trafficking crime . . . uses or carries a firearm” or (2) “who, in furtherance
of any [drug-trafficking] crime, possesses a firearm.” 18 U.S.C.§ 924(c)(1)(A). The requirement
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in § 924(c)(1)(A) that the gun be possessed in furtherance of a drug crime may be satisfied by a
showing of some nexus between the firearm and the drug trafficking operation. See United States
v. Finley, 245 F.3d 199, 203 (2d Cir. 2001).
We conclude that the government adduced sufficient evidence to convict Wadman under
Title 18, United States Code, Sections 924(c)(1)(A)(i). A reasonable jury could have found
Carrasquillo, who owned the guns, had constructive possession of them, as he gave explicit orders
to move them, showing that Carrasquillo “knowingly ha[d] the power and the intention at a given
time to exercise dominion and control over an object.” United States v. Hastings, 918 F.2d 369,
373 (2d Cir. 1990) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted). Similarly Wadman, who
physically carried out Carrasquillo’s instructions in storing the guns likewise could have been
found to have had actual and constructive possession of the guns. Additionally, a reasonable jury
could have found the possession was “in furtherance” of the drug trafficking crime because they
were stored with drug paraphernalia and the co-conspirator testified they go “in hand” with the
business of narcotics. [A.28]. This evidence was sufficient to establish the requisite nexus. See
United States v. Lewter, 402 F.3d 319, 322 (2d Cir. 2005) (finding a nexus if the “gun afforded
some advantage (actual or potential, real or contingent)”). There was sufficient evidence for the
jury to find a nexus between the guns and the drug trafficking crime.
Accordingly, the judgment of the district court hereby is AFFIRMED.
FOR THE COURT:
Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk
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