United States v. Hansen

09-1796-cr
United States v. Hansen
1 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
2 FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
3
4 SUMMARY ORDER
5
6 RULINGS BY SUM M ARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A
7 SUM M ARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERM ITTED AND IS GOVERNED
8 BY THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1 AND FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1.
9 W HEN CITING A SUM M ARY ORDER IN A DOCUM ENT FILED W ITH THIS COURT, A PARTY
10 M UST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (W ITH THE
11 NOTATION “SUM M ARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUM M ARY ORDER M UST SERVE A COPY
12 OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
13
14 At a stated Term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the
15 Daniel Patrick Moynihan United States Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of New York,
16 on the 10th day of March, two thousand and ten.
17
18 Present:
19 JOSEPH M. McLAUGHLIN,
20 Circuit Judge,
21 DENNY CHIN,*
22 District Judge.**
23
24 _____________________________________________________
25
26 UNITED STATES,
27
28 Appellee,
29
30 -v- (09-1796-cr)
31
32 BASIL HANSEN,
33
34 Defendant-Appellant.
35
36
37 Appearing for Appellant: Randall D. Unger, Bayside, N.Y.
38
*
The Honorable Denny Chin, United States District Court for the Southern District of
New York, sitting by designation.
**
The Honorable Rosemary S. Pooler, originally a member of the panel, did not
participate in consideration of this appeal. The two remaining members of the panel, who are in
agreement, have determined the matter. See 28 U.S.C. § 46(d); 2d Cir. Internal Operating
Procedure E; United States v. Desimone, 140 F.3d 457 (2d Cir. 1998).
1 Appearing for Appellee: Jacquelyn M. Rasulo, Assistant United States Attorney, United
2 States Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of New York
3 (Emily Berger, on the brief)
4
5 Appeal from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of
6 New York (Gleeson, Judge).
7
8 ON CONSIDERATION WHEREOF, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED,
9 AND DECREED that the judgment of said District Court be and it hereby is AFFIRMED.
10
11 Hansen was convicted of six drug offenses, including conspiracy to import heroin and
12 cocaine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 960 and 963, and conspiracy to possess with intent to
13 distribute heroin and cocaine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 841 and 846. He argues on appeal that
14 the district court erred by allowing the Government to introduce “other act” evidence, and that
15 the jury’s inadvertent exposure to extra-record evidence deprived him of his right to a fair trial.
16 We assume the parties’ familiarity with the case.
17 Hansen’s argument that the district court abused its discretion by allowing his co-
18 conspirator to testify about their relationship prior to the conspiracy is without merit. We
19 evaluate the admission of “other act” evidence based on an “inclusionary approach,” upholding
20 the admission of such evidence “for any purpose other than to show a defendant’s criminal
21 propensity.” United States v. Brand, 467 F.3d 179, 196 (2d Cir. 2006); see also United States v.
22 Garcia, 291 F.3d 127, 136 (2d Cir. 2002). “[O]ne legitimate purpose for presenting evidence of
23 extrinsic acts is to explain how a criminal relationship developed; this sort of proof furnishes
24 admissible background information in a conspiracy case.” United States v. Pipola, 83 F.3d 556,
25 566 (2d Cir. 1996).
26 Here, in granting the Government’s motion to admit his co-conspirator’s testimony, the
27 court noted that, “[a]t the very least, this testimony is properly admissible to allow the jury to get
28 a feel for the nature of the relationship between Mr. Hansen and [the witness].” This was a
2
1 proper purpose that provided relevant background information. See id. The court also provided
2 a limiting instruction to the jury, explaining that the testimony was only being admitted “to the
3 extent it sheds light on the nature of the relationship between the defendant on trial and this
4 witness who is testifying against him.” This instruction sufficiently cabined any possible
5 prejudice. See United States v. Araujo, 79 F.3d 7, 8 (2d Cir. 1996).
6 Also without merit is Hansen’s argument that the jury’s inadvertent exposure to extra-
7 record evidence deprived him of his right to a fair trial. “[A] criminal defendant’s Sixth
8 Amendment rights are implicated when a jury considers incriminating evidence that was not
9 admitted at trial.” Loliscio v. Goord, 263 F.3d 178, 185 (2d Cir. 2001). “[E]xtra-record
10 information that comes to the attention of a juror is presumptively prejudicial.” United States v.
11 Wiley, 846 F.2d 150, 157 (2d Cir. 1988) (internal quotation marks omitted). However, this
12 presumption may be rebutted by a showing that the jury’s exposure to extra-record information
13 was harmless. Bibbins v. Dalsheim, 21 F.3d 13, 16 (2d Cir. 1994). Importantly, the trial judge’s
14 conclusions regarding the effect of the extra-record evidence on the jury are entitled to
15 substantial weight. See United States v. Weiss, 752 F.2d 777, 783 & n.2 (2d Cir. 1985).
16 Here, the introduction of extra-record evidence was not prejudicial because there was no
17 indication that the jury actually considered it. The district court explicitly credited the jurors’
18 statements that they had not looked at the extra-record evidence. This finding, which is entitled
19 to substantial weight, is sufficient to defeat the presumption of prejudice. See id.20 Accordingly, the judgment of the district court hereby is AFFIRMED.
21
22 FOR THE COURT:
23 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk
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