Sims v. Vaughn

Opinions of the United
2006 Decisions States Court of Appeals
for the Third Circuit
7-21-2006
Sims v. Vaughn
Precedential or Non-Precedential: Non-Precedential
Docket No. 06-1163
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"Sims v. Vaughn" (2006). 2006 Decisions. Paper 718.
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DPS-272 NOT PRECEDENTIAL
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
NO. 06-1163
________________
BOBBIE LEE SIMS, JR.,
Appellant,
v.
DONALD T. VAUGHN, SUPERINTENDENT; M. ARROYO,
DEPUTY SUPT.; T. DOLMAN, CAPTAIN; TONY WOLFE;
JEFF BOYER; GARY OLINGER; MARY CANINO
____________________________________
On Appeal From the United States District Court
For the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
(D.C. Civ. No. 04-cv-01910)
District Judge: Honorable Eduardo C. Robreno
_______________________________________
Submitted For Possible Dismissal Under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)
July 7, 2006
Before: FUENTES, VAN ANTWERPEN AND CHAGARES, CIRCUIT JUDGES
(Filed: July 21, 2006)
_______________________
OPINION
_______________________
PER CURIAM
Bobbie Lee Sims, Jr., appeals from a District Court order granting summary
judgment in favor of the Defendants. Because we determine that the appeal lacks
arguable merit, we will dismiss it pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B).
Sims is presently imprisoned at SCI-Houtzdale. This action arises from
circumstances which arose while Sims was incarcerated at SCI-Graterford in 2003. In
February 2003, Sims was ordered to produce a urine sample for drug testing. Sims did
not produce a sample after officials waited two-and-a-half hours. Sims told a prison
officer conducting the test to give him a misconduct because he could not produce a urine
sample. After failing to produce a urine sample, Sims asked to be given a misconduct. A
misconduct hearing was subsequently held by Defendant Mary Canino. At the hearing,
Sims alleged that he did not refuse to give a sample, but rather, could not produce a urine
sample due to various medical ailments.1 A prison nurse testified that Sims’ medical
ailments should not have prevented him from producing a urine sample in the two-and-a-
half hour time period. Canino found Sims guilty of failing to obey an order (produce a
urine sample) and sentenced Sims to ninety days of custody in the restricted housing unit
(“RHU”). Sims also lost his prison job and had his visiting privileges restricted. All
levels of the prison appellate process upheld Canino’s decision.
Sims was released from the RHU after serving sixty-seven days in April
2003. In May 2003, prison officers searched Sims’ cell. They found papers which they
suspected were related to gambling. They also found a large amount of cigarettes. Sims
was charged with gambling, presence of contraband and failing to report the presence of
1
Specifically, Sims alleged that he was unable to urinate because he is a diabetic,
suffers from Hepatitis C, is elderly, did not drink anything for hours and had urinated
immediately before the urine sample was ordered.
2
contraband. Before a full misconduct hearing was held, Sims was transferred to SCI-
Houtzdale.2
Sims filed this complaint in May 2004, pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. His
claims arise from the disciplinary actions and proceedings detailed above. He alleges that
all of the Defendants violated his due process rights. Specifically, Sims argues that his
due process rights were violated when he was placed in the RHU as well as when he was
transferred to SCI-Houtzdale. Additionally, Sims asserts that Defendants Thomas
Dohman3 and Canino unlawfully retaliated against him. The District Court granted
summary judgment in favor of the Defendants on all claims. Sims timely filed a notice of
appeal.
We have jurisdiction to consider this appeal pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291.
Our review is plenary. See McGreevey v. Stoup, 413 F.3d 359, 363 (3d Cir. 2005). With
respect to the due process claims, Sims argues that he was not allowed to call all of his
witnesses at his misconduct hearing. Additionally, he asserts that the nurse who testified
at his misconduct hearing was not qualified to testify as to his medical conditions. He
also argues that his due process rights were violated because a proper and meaningful
review was not conducted during the prison appeal process.
In this case, Sims’ due process protection is “limited to those situations
where deprivation of that interest ‘imposes atypical and significant hardship on [Sims] in
2
Ultimately, Canino dismissed this charge without prejudice.
3
Dohman is a captain in the Internal Security Department of SCI-Graterford.
3
relation to the ordinary incidents of prison life.’” Griffin v. Vaughn, 112 F.3d 703, 706
(3d Cir. 1997)(quoting Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S. 472, 486 (1995)). Sims’ confinement
in the RHU for a period of sixty-seven days does not state a cognizable liberty interest.
See Griffin, 112 F.3d at 708 (stating confinement in administrative custody of fifteen
months did not exceed parameters of inmate’s sentence). Additionally, Sims’ transfer to
another facility does not trigger the Due Process Clause. See Meachum v. Fano, 427 U.S.
215, 225 (1976); see also Asquith v. Dep’t of Corr., 186 F.3d 407, 410 (3d Cir. 1999).
Therefore, Sims’ due process claims lack arguable merit.4
Regarding the retaliation claims, Sims must show: (1) constitutionally
protected conduct; (2) an adverse action by prison officials sufficient to deter a person of
ordinary firmness from exercising his constitutional rights; and (3) a causal link between
the exercise of his constitutional rights and the adverse action taken against him. See
Mitchell v. Horn, 318 F.3d 523, 530 (3d Cir. 2003). Even if a causal link is satisfied, a
defendant can still prevail if he shows that the same action would have been taken in the
absence of the protected activity. See Rauser v. Horn, 241 F.3d 330, 333-34 (3d Cir.
2001).
Sims asserts that Dohman forced him to produce a urine sample, arranged
for the search of his cell and ultimately arranged Sims’ transfer to SCI-Houtzdale. In this
case, the urinalysis and search of Sims’ cell are generally acceptable prison practices.
4
To the extent that Sims raises an equal protection claim, Sims does not allege nor
does he adduce facts that similarly situated prisoners were treated differently.
4
The misconducts issued and the subsequent prison transfer were the result of evidence
obtained by prison officials against Sims while he was imprisoned at SCI-Graterford.
With respect to Canino, Sims previously filed suit against Canino. See
Sims v. Dragovich, Civ. No. 95-cv-06753. He argues that her decision to transfer him to
the RHU was retaliatory for this previous lawsuit. We first note that the suit against
Canino was decided several years before Sims’ filed this complaint. Cf. Rauser, 241 F.3d
at 334 (noting relevance of temporal proximity in helping to establish a causal link).
Furthermore, as noted by the District Court, Canino would have made the same decision
based upon the evidence even if Sims could establish a causal link. For these reasons,
Sims’ retaliation claims against Dohman and Canino lack arguable merit.
In sum, we conclude that summary judgment was properly entered in favor
of the Defendants. Because this appeal lacks arguable merit, we will dismiss it under
§ 1915(e)(2)(B).
5