Stilwell v. Conceco

UNPUBLISHED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
JOSEPH STILWELL,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v. No. 99-7090
CONCECO, Medical Contractor,
Defendant-Appellee.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Eastern District of Virginia, at Alexandria.
Albert V. Bryan, Jr., Senior District Judge.
(CA-99-1094-AM)
Submitted: February 29, 2000
Decided: May 2, 2000
Before MICHAEL and TRAXLER, Circuit Judges, and
BUTZNER, Senior Circuit Judge.
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Affirmed in part and vacated and remanded in part by unpublished
per curiam opinion.
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COUNSEL
Joseph Stilwell, Appellant Pro Se.
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Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See
Local Rule 36(c).
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OPINION
PER CURIAM:
Joseph Stilwell appeals the district court order summarily dismiss-
ing his civil rights complaint under 28 U.S.C.A.§ 1915A(b)(1) (West
Supp. 1999), for failing to state a claim upon which relief can be
granted. Stilwell, an inmate at the Mecklenburg Correctional Center,
brought a complaint concerning the medical treatment he had
received for a hernia.1 Because we find that Stilwell alleged sufficient
facts to state a claim that the two doctors were deliberately indifferent
to his medical needs, we vacate that part of the order dismissing Stil-
well's complaint against those two physicians and we remand for fur-
ther proceedings. We affirm that part of the order dismissing
Stilwell's complaint against Conceco.
This court reviews de novo a dismissal for failing to state a claim.
See Mylan Labs., Inc. v. Matkari, 7 F.3d 1130, 1134 (4th Cir. 1993).
"[A] complaint should not be dismissed for failure to state a claim
unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of
facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief." Huds-
peth v. Figgins, 584 F.2d 1345, 1347 (4th Cir. 1978). The allegations
in the complaint must be taken as true and viewed in the light most
favorable to the plaintiff. See Mylan Labs., Inc., 7 F.3d at 1134. A dis-
missal for failing to state a claim is appropriate only in "limited cir-
cumstances." Rogers v. Jefferson-Pilot Life Ins. Co., 883 F.2d 324,
325 (4th Cir. 1989) (considering a dismissal under Rule 12(b)(6)).
Furthermore, courts are instructed to construe pro se complaints liber-
ally. See Vinnedge v. Gibbs, 550 F.2d 926, 928 (4th Cir. 1977).
At this stage of the proceedings, we take as true the allegations in
the complaint. Stilwell alleged that he was seen and released from the
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1 Conceco, the company providing medical services at the institution,
was the only defendant listed on the district court docket. Stilwell named
Drs. Wray and Stern in that part of the complaint where he named the
Defendants and made allegations against both doctors. We find that
Wray and Stern should have been considered Defendants. See Haines v.
Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520 (1972). On remand, the caption should be
modified to reflect that Wray and Stern are Defendants.
2
emergency room of a local hospital for complaints relating to a her-
nia. According to Stilwell, the emergency room physician recom-
mended "elective surgery." Back at the prison, Stilwell was seen by
Dr. Wray. Stilwell claimed that he complained to Wray of swelling
in the groin area and severe pain. Despite these complaints, Wray
stated that "there should be no problem or pain and that [Stilwell's]
situation was not an emergency." Stilwell alleged that his condition
worsened. Specifically, he alleged that the swelling increased, blood
began to appear in his stools, and the severe pain persisted. After
some time, Stilwell was seen by Dr. Stern, who did not consider Stil-
well's complaints to be life threatening and prescribed Tylenol for
pain and inflamation. Stilwell also alleged that Stern indicated that he
would schedule Stilwell for surgery but never did. Stilwell claimed
that he received "inadequate medical treatment (Malpractice)."
Courts are obligated to construe the complaint as asserting "any
and all legal claims that its factual allegations can fairly be thought
to support." Martin v. Gentile, 849 F.2d 863, 868 (4th Cir. 1988).
Although Stilwell did not mention the Eighth Amendment or deliber-
ate indifference in his complaint, we find that he alleged sufficient
facts that, if proven, may support an Eighth Amendment violation.
See id. 849 F.2d at 868 (failing to make specific reference to Fourth
Amendment was not fatal to arrestee's claim of police brutality
because the alleged facts support such a claim).
In order for Stilwell to state a claim for violation of the Eighth
Amendment's prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment in the
context of the denial of proper medical treatment, he must allege facts
that show the Defendants acted with deliberate indifference to his
serious medical needs. See Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 104
(1976). We find that for § 1915A purposes, Stilwell alleged sufficient
facts to show that he had serious medical needs. 2 We also find that
it is not "beyond doubt" that Stilwell can prove no set of facts in sup-
port of a claim that Wray and Stern were deliberately indifferent to
his medical needs. See Hudspeth, 584 F.2d at 1347.
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2 We express no opinion as to the ultimate merits of Stilwell's com-
plaint.
3
With regard to Defendant Conceco, we find that Stilwell failed to
allege any facts that might lead to the conclusion that Conceco was
responsible for his medical treatment. The fact that Wray and Stern
worked for Conceco is insufficient. See Monell v. Department of Soc.
Servs., 436 U.S. 658, 691 (1978) (respondeat superior is not applica-
ble to municipalities in § 1983 actions).
We vacate the district court's order to the extent that it dismissed
Stilwell's claims against Drs. Wray and Stern, and remand for further
proceedings as to those Defendants. We affirm that part of the order
that dismissed Stilwell's claim against Conceco. We dispense with
oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately
presented in the materials before the court and oral argument would
not aid the decisional process.
AFFIRMED IN PART, VACATED AND REMANDED IN PART
4