United States v. Antonio Ibarra-Olvera

Case: 11-40737 Document: 00512063029 Page: 1 Date Filed: 11/26/2012
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT United States Court of Appeals
Fifth Circuit
FILED
November 26, 2012
No. 11-40737
Summary Calendar Lyle W. Cayce
Clerk
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee
v.
ANTONIO IBARRA-OLVERA,
Defendant-Appellant
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Southern District of Texas
USDC No. 7:10-CR-1795-3
Before DeMOSS, PRADO, and OWEN, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
Antonio Ibarra-Olvera (Ibarra) appeals his guilty plea conviction on one
count of aiding and abetting the transportation of an alien within the United
States for the purpose of commercial advantage or private financial gain. He
argues that his guilty plea is invalid because the district court did not correctly
advise him of the maximum term of imprisonment for his offense.
The Government asserts in its brief that the appeal should be dismissed
because Ibarra did not timely notice his appeal. The Government indicates that
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not
be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR.
R. 47.5.4.
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No. 11-40737
it does not intend to waive or forfeit the requirement that a timely notice of
appeal be filed.
A defendant in a criminal case generally has 14 days from the entry of the
judgment on the criminal docket to file a notice of appeal. FED. R. APP.
P. 4(b)(1)(A)(i), (b)(6). This time limit is mandatory but not jurisdictional.
United States v. Martinez, 496 F.3d 387, 388 (5th Cir. 2007). A district court
may extend the time “for a period not to exceed 30 days from the expiration of
the time otherwise prescribed” based on a finding of excusable neglect or good
cause. FED. R. APP. P. 4(b)(4).
The district court’s judgment was entered on March 14, 2011. No earlier
than June 27, 2011, the day he signed it, Ibarra filed a pro se notice of appeal.
See FED. R. APP. P. 4(c). On August 2, 2011, the magistrate judge granted
Ibarra’s appointed trial counsel leave to withdraw, granted Ibarra leave to
proceed in forma pauperis (IFP) on appeal, and appointed an attorney to
represent Ibarra on appeal.
Ibarra contends that he did not receive actual notice of the judgment until
May 27, 2011, and he asserts that the 14-day period for filing a notice of appeal
did not begin until he received notice of the judgment. He argues that the notice
of appeal was filed within the time allowed under Rule 4(b) for requesting an
extension of time to file a notice of appeal.
These contentions are without merit. The plain language of Rule 4
provides that the time for filing a notice of appeal runs from “the entry of either
the judgment or the order being appealed,” FED. R. APP. P. 4(b)(1)(A)(i), and it
carefully defines entry of a judgment “for purposes of this Rule 4(b)” as occurring
“when it is entered on the criminal docket.” FED . R. APP. P. 4(b)(6). As noted
above, the judgment was entered on March 14, 2011, and the notice of appeal
was filed on June 27, 2011. The notice of appeal was untimely filed.
Ibarra also argues that the magistrate judge’s decision to appoint counsel
constituted an implicit finding of excusable neglect. See FED. R. APP. P. 4(b)(4).
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No. 11-40737
This court has held that a district court’s order appointing counsel amounted to
such a finding where the defendant requested appointment of counsel within the
time period specified under Rule 4(b)(4). See e.g., United States v. Garcia-
Paulin, 627 F.3d 127, 130 n.1 (5th Cir. 2010); United States v. Lister, 53 F.3d 66,
68 (5th Cir. 1995); United States v. Quimby 636 F.2d 86, 89 (5th Cir. 1981). In
contrast to such cases, however, in the instant matter the magistrate judge’s
order granting leave to appeal IFP and appointing appellate counsel could not
constitute an extension of time to appeal because both Ibarra’s notice of appeal
and the magistrate judge’s ruling appointing appellate counsel came after the
expiration of the time for filing a notice of appeal under Rule 4(b)(4). Ibarra
therefore cannot benefit from Rule 4(b)(4).
In view of the foregoing, Ibarra’s appeal is DISMISSED due to his failure
to file a timely notice of appeal.
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