United States v. Olivares-Benavides

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT United States Court of Appeals
Fifth Circuit
FILED
April 10, 2008
No. 07-10378
Summary Calendar Charles R. Fulbruge III
Clerk
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Plaintiff-Appellee
v.
JOSE CANDELARIO OLIVARES-BENAVIDES, also known as Paul Mendoza,
also known as Martin Gonsalez, also known as Pablo Mendoza, also known as
Jose Candelario Benavides-Olivares
Defendant-Appellant
Consolidated with
No. 07-10524
Summary Calendar
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Plaintiff-Appellee
v.
OSCAR HERNANDEZ-MEDRANO
Defendant-Appellant
No. 07-10378 c/w
Nos. 07-10524, 07-10539, and 07-10550
Consolidated with
No. 07-10539
Summary Calendar
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Plaintiff-Appellee
v.
LEODEGARDO RODRIGUEZ-MENDOZA
Defendant-Appellant
Consolidated with
No. 07-10550
Summary Calendar
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Plaintiff-Appellee
v.
JAVIER GAMINO-PEREZ
Defendant-Appellant
Appeals from the United States District Court
for the Northern District of Texas
USDC No. 1:06-CR-61-ALL
USDC No. 5:06-CR-110-ALL
USDC No. 1:06-CR-66-ALL
USDC No. 5:06-CR-102-ALL
Before JONES, Chief Judge, and CLEMENT and SOUTHWICK, Circuit Judges.
2
No. 07-10378 c/w
Nos. 07-10524, 07-10539, and 07-10550
PER CURIAM:*
Jose Candelario Olivares-Benavides, Oscar Hernandez-Medrano,
Leodegardo Rodriguez-Mendoza, and Javier Gamino-Perez appeal the sentences
imposed following their guilty plea convictions for illegal reentry after
deportation in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326. They argue that procedural
reasonableness required the district court to consider upward departures to their
sentences under U.S.S.G. § 4A1.3 for their under-represented criminal histories
before it imposed their non-guidelines sentences and that their sentences were
substantively unreasonable because the district court failed to apply § 4A1.3,
because it put too much weight on the fact that the defendants had prior DUIs
and received light sentences for those DUIs, and because it clearly erred in
balancing the sentencing factors.
We review sentences for reasonableness in light of the sentencing
considerations set forth in 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). United States v. Sanchez-
Ramirez, 497 F.3d 531, 534 (5th Cir. 2007). The Guidelines provide but a “rough
approximation” of a sentence that will meet all objectives of § 3553(a). Rita v.
United States, 127 S. Ct. 2456, 2464-65 (2007).
The defendants’ argument that the district court had to consider § 4A1.3
before imposing their non-guidelines sentences has previously been rejected by
this court. See United States v. Mejia-Huerta, 480 F.3d 713, 723 & n.43 (5th Cir.
2007), petition for cert. filed (April 18, 2007) (No. 06-1381). The defendants’
argument of substantive unreasonableness is also without merit. The district
court gave extensive reasons for imposing their non-guidelines sentences,
including such § 3553(a) factors as the defendants’ personal history and
characteristics, the defendants’ criminal histories, the need to promote respect
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion
should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited
circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.
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No. 07-10378 c/w
Nos. 07-10524, 07-10539, and 07-10550
for the law, the need to deter future criminal conduct, and the need to protect
the public. See § 3553(a); United States v. Smith, 440 F.3d 704, 709 (5th Cir.
2006).
The defendants argue that the district court was required to provide them
with notice before imposing an above-guidelines sentence. This argument is
foreclosed by circuit precedent. See Mejia-Huerta, 480 F.3d at 722-23; Ketchum
v. Gulf Oil Corp., 798 F.2d 159, 162 (5th Cir. 1986).
In light of Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000), the defendants
also challenge the constitutionality of § 1326(b)’s treatment of prior felony and
aggravated felony convictions as sentencing factors rather than elements of the
offense that must be found by a jury. This argument is foreclosed by
Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 235 (1995). United States v.
Pineda-Arrellano, 492 F.3d 624, 625 (5th Cir. 2007), cert. denied, 128 S. Ct. 872(2008). The defendants’ sentences are AFFIRMED.
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