United States v. Gerald Lee

United States Court of Appeals
FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT
___________
No. 97-2830
___________
United States of America, *
*
Appellee, *
*
* Appeal from the United States
v. * District Court for the
* District of South Dakota.
Gerald Lee, *
* [UNPUBLISHED]
Appellant. *
___________
Submitted: March 26, 1998
Filed: March 27, 1998
___________
Before BOWMAN, WOLLMAN, and MORRIS SHEPPARD ARNOLD, Circuit
Judges.
___________
PER CURIAM.
After Gerald Lee pleaded guilty to sexually abusing a minor, in violation of 18
U.S.C. §§ 1153, 2243(a), 2246(2), and 2, the district court1 sentenced him to 21 months
imprisonment and two years supervised release. On appeal, Lee argues that the district
court clearly erred in applying a vulnerable-victim enhancement. We affirm.
1
The Honorable Charles B. Kornmann, United States District Judge for the
District of South Dakota.
The Guidelines provide for a two-level enhancement where the defendant “knew
or should have known that a victim of the offense was unusually vulnerable due to . .
. mental condition.” See U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3A1.1(b) (1997). We
conclude that the court did not clearly err in determining the enhancement was
warranted. See United States v. Janis, 71 F.3d 308, 311 (8th Cir. 1995) (standard of
review). Testimony at the sentencing hearing indicating that the minor has an I.Q. of
65, is incapable of making rational decisions, functions as a 10-year-old, and has fetal-
alcohol syndrome supports a finding that Lee should have known the minor was
unusually vulnerable for her age. See id. 310-11 (application of § 3A1.1 enhancement
not clearly erroneous where defendant was 14, and had I.Q. around 65, fetal-alcohol
syndrome, severe attention deficit, and hyperactivity disorder). Contrary to Lee&s
contention, neither his intention to marry the minor, their long-standing relationship, nor
the fact that they have a child, precludes application of the enhancement. See U.S.
Sentencing Guidelines Manual § 3A1.1(b) (1997).
Accordingly, the judgment is affirmed.
A true copy.
Attest:
CLERK, U.S. COURT OF APPEALS, EIGHTH CIRCUIT.
-2-