United States v. Antoine Wright

United States Court of Appeals
FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT
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No. 03-2273
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United States of America, *
*
Appellee, *
* Appeal from the United States
v. * District Court for the
* Northern District of Iowa.
Antoine Tony Wright, *
* [UNPUBLISHED]
Appellant. *
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Submitted: February 9, 2004
Filed: February 24, 2004
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Before MORRIS SHEPPARD ARNOLD, HANSEN, and SMITH, Circuit Judges.
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PER CURIAM.
A grand jury charged Antoine Tony Wright with distributing cocaine base, in
violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1). After he was arraigned, he was placed on pretrial
release. On October 15, 2002, Wright entered into a written plea agreement.
However, he failed to appear for his scheduled change-of-plea hearing on October 25,
2002. A warrant was issued, and Wright was arrested on December 11, 2002. He
pleaded guilty on January 2, 2003.
At sentencing, the government stood by its plea-agreement recommendation
not to seek an enhancement for obstruction of justice under U.S. Sentencing
Guidelines Manual (USSG) § 3C1.1. The district court1 nonetheless followed the
recommendation of the presentence report and imposed the enhancement due to
Wright’s failure to appear for the change-of-plea hearing. The district court denied
Wright’s request for a reduction for acceptance of responsibility under USSG
§ 3E1.1. The result was a Guidelines imprisonment range of seventy to eighty-seven
months. The district court sentenced Wright to seventy-six months in prison and
three years of supervised release, and he appeals.
Wright first argues that the district court erroneously applied the obstruction-
of-justice enhancement. We review for clear error. See United States v. Young, 315
F.3d 911, 913 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 123 S. Ct. 2108 (2003). Wright admitted that
he willfully failed to appear at the change-of-plea hearing because he wanted to spend
more time with his daughter, who was going to celebrate a birthday. Our precedent
is clear that a district court does not commit clear error by applying an obstruction-of-
justice enhancement to a defendant who fails to appear at a change-of-plea hearing.
See id. (citing USSG § 3C1.1, comment. (n.4(e)) (“willfully failing to appear, as
ordered, for a judicial proceeding” constitutes obstruction of justice”)). The parties’
plea-agreement recommendations were of the type that did not bind the district court,
see Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(c)(1)(B), leaving it free to enhance Wright’s sentence for
obstruction of justice based on the undisputed facts regarding his failure to appear,
see United States v. Griggs, 71 F.3d 276, 281 (8th Cir. 1995).
Next, Wright argues that the district court erroneously refused to grant him a
reduction for acceptance-of-responsibility. Again, our review is for clear error. See
Young, 315 F.3d at 913. The Guidelines provide that, while conduct resulting in an
1
The Honorable Linda R. Reade, United States District Judge for the Northern
District of Iowa.
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enhancement for obstruction of justice usually indicates that a defendant has not
accepted responsibility, there may be “extraordinary cases” in which a defendant who
receives an obstruction-of-justice enhancement may also receive an acceptance-of-
responsibility reduction. See USSG § 3E1.1, comment. (n.4). Having reviewed the
record, we agree with the district court that Wright “has shown no reason for treating
his case as extraordinary.” Young, 315 F.3d at 913. Since it was Wright’s burden to
demonstrate his entitlement to an acceptance-of-responsibility reduction, the district
court did not clearly err in denying him one.
Finally, Wright argues that the district court erred by not sentencing him at the
bottom of the Guidelines imprisonment range. He correctly concedes, however, that
a defendant’s “contention that he should have been sentenced at the low end of the
range is not reviewable.” United States v. Arrington, 255 F.3d 637, 639 (8th Cir.),
cert. denied, 534 U.S. 1049 (2001).
Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the district court.
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